Synthesis of Gd₂O₃ Nanoparticles Using Lactobacillussp.: A Novel Green Approach

ABSTRACT

A low-cost, green, and highly reproducible microbe (Lactobacillus sp.)-mediated biosynthesis of Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles is reported. X-ray and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to ascertain the formation of Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles. X-ray analysis indicated that Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles have a body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell structure. Individual nanoparticles almost spherical in shape of 10–20 nm were found. An effort has been made to understand the possible involved mechanism for the biosynthesis of Gd₂O₃ nanoparticles. The present procedure offers the benefit of eco-friendliness and amenability for large-scale production through scaling up.

KEYWORDS:

• nano-Gd₂O₃
• nanoparticle
• nanobiotechnology
• eco-friendly
• biosynthesis