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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 63, 2024 - Issue 2
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Materials Processing, Characterization and Properties

Evaluation of the impact of Mn and Al on the microstructure of Fe–Co–Ni–Cr based high entropy alloys

ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 329-340 | Received 02 Nov 2022, Accepted 03 Apr 2023, Published online: 09 May 2023
 

ABSTRACT

In this study, an equiatomic FeCoNiCrMn high entropy alloy (HEA) was examined and compared to two Al-containing variants, FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 and FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5, in terms of microstructure, phase composition and hardness. The vacuum cast, hot isostatically pressed (HIP’d) alloys were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Vickers microhardness testing. The DSC results indicated that the solidus and liquidus temperature of the base alloy on cooling are 1296.3 and 1314.8°C, respectively. Its microstructure exhibited a single-phase face centred cubic (FCC) structure, with a small amount of σ-phase. The two Al-containing alloys (FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 and FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5) were observed to form a secondary phase, in a FCC matrix, along the grain boundaries and within the grains. FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 had a solidus and liquidus temperature at 1271.8°C and 1287.6°C upon cooling, while FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5 exhibited a solidus at 1354.7°C and liquidus at 1376.1°C. The hardness of the base composition was measured at 142 HV while the addition of Al and increase of Ni content in FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 increased the hardness to 202 HV and the removal of Mn in FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5 further enhanced the hardness to 217 HV. These results aim to form a basis for understanding the effects of HEA microstructure on the material performance in oxidising environments, such as supercritical-CO2.

Dans cette étude, un alliage équiatomique FeCoNiCrMn à haute entropie (HEA) a été examiné et comparé à deux variantes contenant de l’Al, FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 et FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5, en termes de microstructure, de composition de phase et de dureté. Les alliages coulés sous vide, avec pressage isostatique à chaud (HIP’d), ont été évalués à l’aide de la calorimétrie à balayage différentiel (CBD), de la microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB), de la spectroscopie à dispersion d’énergie (EDS), de la diffraction des rayons X (XRD) et d’essai de microdureté Vickers. Les résultats de la CBD ont indiqué que les températures de solidus et de liquidus de l’alliage de base lors du refroidissement étaient respectivement de 1296.3°C et 1314.8°C. Sa microstructure présentait une structure cubique à faces centrées (CFC) monophasée, avec une petite quantité de phase-σ. On a observé que les deux alliages contenant de l’Al (FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 et FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5) formaient une phase secondaire, dans une matrice CFC, le long des joints de grains et à l’intérieur des grains. FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 avait une température de solidus et de liquidus à 1271.8°C et 1287.6°C lors du refroidissement alors que FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5 présentait un solidus à 1354.7°C et un liquidus à 1376.1°C. On a mesuré la dureté de la composition de base à 142 HV alors que l’ajout d’Al et l’augmentation de la teneur en Ni dans FeCoNi1.5CrMnAl0.5 ont augmenté la dureté à 202 HV et l’élimination de Mn dans FeCoNi1.5CrAl0.5 a davantage amélioré la dureté à 217 HV.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The alloys for this study were supplied by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), funded through Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD). Characterisation of samples was done in association with National Research Council of Canada (NRC ).

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