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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 63, 2024 - Issue 2
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Mineral Processing

An investigation into the dry processing of low specific gravity ores using a laboratory Knelson concentrator

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Pages 508-529 | Received 13 Feb 2023, Accepted 01 Jun 2023, Published online: 09 Jun 2023
 

ABSTRACT

The Knelson concentrator (KC) was originally invented and developed for treating gold ores, and due to its high efficiency, low cost and minor environmental impact, it has become an active research area for processing low specific gravity (SG) deposits. The laboratory scale KC has shown its potential for processing high-density ores on a dry basis. This work investigated the feasibility and the optimum operating conditions when processing a dry low SG feed with a modified KC. A synthetic mixture of magnetite (SG 5.2) and quartz (SG 2.65) with a grade of 1% magnetite and three synthetic mixtures of magnetite and quartz with a grade of 5% magnetite in different sizes were used to mimic a low-density ratio ore. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface method (RSM) were used to design the experiments and optimise each process. The effects of each individual factors and their interactions on concentrate grade and magnetite recovery were evaluated for each feed. Optimum operating conditions were obtained at a bowl speed, solids feed rate and air fluidising pressure of 20G, 100 g/min and 12 psi, for 1% grade feed; 14, 300 g/min and 13 psi, for 5% coarse feed; 18 G, 300 g/min and 13 psi, for 5% intermediate feed; and 10 G, 100 g/min and 14 psi for 5% full-size feed.

Le concentrateur Knelson (KC) a été inventé et développé initialement pour le traitement des minerais d’or, et en raison de sa grande efficacité, de son faible coût et de son impact environnemental mineur, il est devenu un domaine actif de recherche pour le traitement des gisements à faible densité (SG). Le KC à échelle du laboratoire a montré son potentiel pour traiter des minerais à haute densité sur une base sèche. Ce travail a étudié la faisabilité et les conditions optimales de fonctionnement lorsqu’on traite une charge sèche à faible densité avec un KC modifié. On a utilisé un mélange synthétique de magnétite (SG 5.2) et de quartz (SG 2.65) avec une teneur de 1% de magnétite et trois mélanges synthétiques de magnétite et de quartz avec une teneur de 5% de magnétite de tailles différentes, pour imiter un minerai à faible densité. On a utilisé la conception composite centrale (CCD) et la méthode de la surface de réponse (RSM) pour concevoir les expériences et optimiser chaque procédé. On a obtenu les conditions optimales de fonctionnement avec un la vitesse du bol, le taux d’alimentation en solides et la pression de fluidisation de l’air de 20 G, 100 g/min et 12 psi, pour une teneur de charge de 1%; 14, 300 g/min et 13 psi, pour la charge grossière de 5%; 18 G, 300 g/min et 13 psi pour la charge intermédiaire de 5%; et 10 G, 100 g/min et 14 psi pour la charge de pleine taille de 5%.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) in conjunction with SGS Canada Inc., COREM, Teck Resources Ltd., and Flottec for funding this work through the Collaborative Research and Development Grant Program (CRDPJ-531957-18).

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