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Research Article

Disability is no laughing matter. A critical discourse analysis of disability mockery on social media in Brazil

Deficiência física não é motivo de piada. Uma análise crítica do discurso sobre a zombaria da deficiência física nas redes sociais no Brasil

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Pages 22-36 | Received 12 Jun 2023, Accepted 04 Oct 2023, Published online: 18 Dec 2023
 

ABSTRACT

There is a growing body of literature addressing the surge of different types of online harassment (e.g. hate speech, misogyny, racism, religious intolerance, cyberbullying, revenge porn, homophobia, etc.). Yet, despite the undeniable contribution brought by this literature, there is still another aspect that remains underexplored. That is, the interplay between politically motivated hate speech and disability. Furthermore, the potential harm and adverse societal impacts of this type of manifestation can be amplified when triggered by extremist far-right political discourses. Thus, to examine this phenomenon and unpack the embedded meaning of this type of social media discourse, the present study develops a critical discourse analysis on a sample of 160 comments publicly available on YouTube belittling the current Brazil president’s disability (who lost a finger during his youth). The investigation reveals that many social media users find amusement in somebody else’s disability. However, mocking this condition represents a way to remove a person’s value and reduce them solely to their physical or mental impairment, independently of the level of severity. Ultimately, this sort of discursive strategy objectifies the individual, disregards the disability condition and turns them into a laughable object.

RESUMEN

Tem ocorrido uma forte expansão do arcabouço teórico abordando o aumento de diferentes tipos de assédio online (por exemplo, discursos de ódio, misoginia, racismo, intolerância religiosa, cyberbullying, revenge porn, homofobia, etc.). Contudo, não obstante a inegável contribuição trazida por essa literatura, ainda existe outro aspecto que permanece pouco explorado. Ou seja, a relação entre discursos de ódio por motivação política e Pessoas Portadoras de Necessidades Especiais. Além disso, os potenciais danos e os impactos sociais adversos de tais manifestações podem ser amplificados quando desencadeados por discursos políticos radicais de extrema-direita. Assim, para examinar esse fenômeno e desvendar o significado embutido nesse tipo de discurso presente nas redes sociais, o presente estudo desenvolve uma análise crítica do discurso em uma amostra de 160 comentários disponíveis publicamente no YouTube que menosprezam a deficiência física do atual presidente do Brasil (que perdeu um dedo na juventude). A investigação revela que muitos usuários de redes sociais se divertem com a deficiência física dos outros. No entanto, zombar dessa condição representa uma forma de obliterar o valor de uma pessoa e reduzi-la apenas à sua deficiência física ou mental, independentemente de seu grau de severidade. Em última análise, esse tipo de estratégia discursiva objetifica o indivíduo, desconsidera a condição de deficiência e o transforma em objeto risível.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was not supported by any funding.

Notes on contributors

Luiz Valério P. Trindade

Luiz Valério P. Trindade was awarded a PhD in Sociology from the University of Southampton in the UK. His main areas of research encompass critical race and ethnic studies, hate speech on social media, critical humor studies and social representation of ethnic minorities on means of mass communication. His latest books include Discurso de Ódio nas Redes Sociais (Editora Jandaíra, 2022) and No Laughing Matter: Race Joking and Resistance in Brazilian Social Media (Vernon Press, 2020).

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