Notes
1. Georgeta Pourchot, Eurasia Rising: Democracy and Independence in the Post-Soviet Space (Westport, CT, and London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008), p. 133.
2. NDTV, September 29, 2022. Available at https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/vladimir-putin-says-ukraine-conflict-is-result-of-soviet-collapse-3389871. In the preceding quote, Putin refers to CIS, which stands for the Commonwealth of Independent States, an intergovernmental organization that was formed after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991. Currently, nine of the original eleven states retain their participation in the organization.
3. Peter Myers, “Can the Soviet Education System Help Developing Countries Now,” https://mdp.berkeley.edu/peter-myers-can-the-soviet-education-system-help-us-now.
4. Terry Martin, Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923–1939 (Cornell University Press, 2001); Lubomyr Hajda, “Ethnic Politics and Ethnic Conflict in the USSSR and the Post-Soviet States,” Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, 1993, 19(2), pp. 193–278.
5. Steven Rosefielde, Red Holocaust (New York: Routledge, 2010), pp. 42, 56.