What is the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among hypertensive non-diabetic Egyptian patients attending primary healthcare?

ABSTRACT

Background

Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered the major cause of morbidity and mortality in hypertension, the recognition and prevention of CKD remain deficient. CKD is one of the major health challenges in Egypt. CKD affects approximately 13% of the adult population, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Patients with more progressive stage 3 or stage 4 CKD experience a high rate of cardiovascular events and death compared to earlier stages of CKD.

Aim

This study was performed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of CKD among hypertensive non-diabetic patients attending primary health care (PHC) centers in Cairo.

Methodology

The study type is a cross-sectional study. Study setting: Two PHC centers: Saraya El-kobba and El-Sharabya. Sampling method: Recruitment of participants was done in one day weekly. Any known essential hypertensive patients aged 18 or more registered in the two PHC centers in Cairo.

Results

The prevalence of CKD was 33% among the hypertensive non-diabetic patients. Among CKD participants, the prevalence is more common in females (59.7%) than males (40.3%), in those who completed primary education and in the illiterates and low socioeconomic class. Surprisingly, it is more common in patients with positive family history of CKD and patients with ischemic heart disease and the antihypertensive drugs use.

Conclusion

CKD has a high prevalence among hypertensive non-diabetic patients, and it has a significant morbidity and mortality among those patients.

KEYWORDS:

• Prevalence
• chronic kidney disease
• hypertension
• primary health care centers

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Ethical considerations

This research was conducted according to the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. The proposal and conduct of the study were ethically cleared by the Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University (Cairo, Egypt). Written informed consent was taken from selected participants. All information provided by the participants was kept confidential. In addition, any information leading to the identification of study participants was not included in data collection tool.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.