TyG index is a predictor of all-cause mortality during the long-term follow-up in middle-aged and elderly with hypertension

ABSTRACT

Background

The triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index has been found to be significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality. However, there has been a lack of studies exploring the specific relationship between the TyG index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged and elderly with hypertension.

Methods

A total of 3,614 participants with hypertension were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The TyG index was calculated using the formula log [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) x fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The Cox proportional hazard ratios were used to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the risk of mortality.

Results

Over a follow-up period of 7.87 years, 991 all-cause death and 189 cardiovascular deaths occurred. Compared with the reference quartile, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 1.28 (1.07–1.53; p = .006) in the fourth quartile for all-cause mortality and 0.63 (0.42–0.96; p = .031) in the second quartile for cardiovascular mortality. Dose-response analysis indicated an L-shaped relationship.

Conclusions

The TyG index exhibited an L-shaped association with the risk of all-cause mortality among middle-aged and elderly with hypertension.

KEYWORDS:

• Triglyceride glucose index
• all-cause mortality
• cardiovascular mortality
• insulin resistance
• NHANES

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors’ contributions

Q X designed the study; P J made the statistical analysis; LY Q and XR C prepared the tables; PL wrote the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.

Data availability statement

The original data can be obtained from NHANES (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm).

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The protocol was approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board (Protocol #98–12, Protocol #2005–06, and Protocol #2011–17).

Additional information

Funding

This study received funding from Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and technology Project (2023ZL008).