Before amplification: the role of experts in the dynamics of the social attenuation and amplification of risk

Abstract

In this article, we use system/network theory together with the social amplification of risk framework (SARF) to show how expert actors over time and across multiple events can contribute to social risk amplification and attenuation. The framework and the theory, in particular the concepts of risk emplacement and displacement, are employed in the analysis of an illustrative case related to the use of the feed additive, narasin, and provide explanations of how risks are part of continuously ongoing and dynamic social processes. By emphasizing the role of experts in such developments, connecting what happens in expert communities with the processing of risks and effects on the outside, the analysis shows the larger context within which social risk attenuation and amplification happen. Showing the value of integrating different theories and perspectives, this article lays the foundations for further studies of risk amplification and attenuation dynamics. Based on the results of the analysis, we indicate opportunities to update and further develop the SARF. We also present some implications for public policy and risk management practices including addressing the positive contributions of risk amplification and how this relates to adaptive risk management approaches.

Keywords:

• Social risk amplification/attenuation
• system/network theory
• risk emplacement/displacement
• role of experts
• risk perception

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 Hilgartner (1992) used the terms “system” and “network” interchangeably; however, some works differentiate between these terms.

2 The EU also intended to ban all use of coccidiostats as feed additives starting in 2012, and trials were conducted in European countries to identify alternative measures to reduce or prevent coccidiosis, but no alternative efficient measures were identified; consequently, it was recommended that authorization for the use of coccidiostats be maintained, despite the side effects (Rybicki 2020).

3 Conducted by two respective panels: the Scientific Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) and the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM).