Sound Absorption of Tufted Carpets Produced from Coarse Wool of Mountain Sheep

ABSTRACT

Coarse wool from Polish mountain sheep, often treated as a useless by-product of sheep husbandry, was used to produce pile carpets with tufting technique. Raw wool was used in the small-scale spinning mill to spin prototype rug yarns, which were then used for the production of carpets. The carpets with cut and loop piles of two different heights and densities were manufactured. During examinations, the basic parameters of raw wool, yarns, and tufted fabrics were determined. Then, the soundproofing properties of carpets were analyzed. To characterize the acoustic properties of the carpets, the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss were measured. The measurements were carried out in one-third octave bands in the frequency range of 80–5000 Hz using the impedance tube method. It was stated that the wool of Polish mountain sheep is coarse, highly differentiated both in thickness and length and contains a significant content of medullated fibers and kemp. Despite its poor characteristics, the wool can be used for the production of rag yarns suitable for the production of pile carpets with tufting technique. The carpets possess acceptable sound absorbing capacity comparable to other similar products obtained from other wool types, which is dependent on both pile types and their parameters. The carpets exhibit low transmission loss, which is influenced, to a lesser extent, by the change in the parameters of the pile layer.

摘要

波兰山羊的粗羊毛通常被当作牧羊业的无用副产品，用于生产簇绒地毯. 原毛在小型纺纱厂中被用来纺地毯原纱，然后用于生产地毯. 制造了具有两种不同高度和密度的切绒和毛圈绒的地毯. 在检测过程中，确定了毛料、纱线和簇绒织物的基本参数. 然后对地毯的隔音性能进行了分析. 为了表征地毯的声学特性，测量了地毯的吸声系数和传输损耗. 使用阻抗管法在80-5000 Hz频率范围内的三分之一倍频带中进行测量. 据称，波兰山地绵羊的羊毛质地粗糙，在厚度和长度上差异很大，并且含有大量的髓纤维和kemp。尽管其特性较差，但该羊毛可用于生产适合于用簇绒技术生产绒头地毯的碎布纱线. 与从其他羊毛类型获得的其他类似产品相比，地毯具有可接受的吸声能力，这取决于绒头类型及其参数. 地毯表现出低的传输损耗，这在较小程度上受到绒毛层参数变化的影响.

KEYWORDS:

• Sheep wool
• yarn
• carpet
• tufting
• acoustic properties
• sound absorption
• transmission loss

关键词:

• 羊毛
• 纱线
• 地毯
• 簇绒
• 声学特性
• 吸声
• 传输损耗

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, J.B. and K.K.M.; methodology, K.K.M., M.B., and M.R.; formal analysis, J.B. and M.B.; investigation, K.K.M. and M.B. resources, I.E.; writing – original draft preparation, K.K.M., M.B., and J.B.; writing – review and editing, and J.B.; supervision, J.B. and M.R.; project administration, J.B.; funding acquisition, J.B. and M.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Ethical approval

The research is not affected in any way by ethical issues. The study does not involve human embryos, human cells or human participants, and no personal data are collected and processed.

Consent

Details and images are freely available on the internet and may be seen by the general public.

Highlights

• Coarse wool obtained from Polish mountain sheep, treated as a waste of little use, can be used to produce good-quality rug yarns

• The rug yarns spun from the coarse wool of mountain sheep are suitable for the production of pile carpets with tufting technique.

• The sound-absorbing capacity of carpets depends on both pile types and their parameters.

• The transmission loss of carpets is relatively low and influenced, to a lesser extent, by the change in the parameters of the pile layer.

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by the Norway Grant titled “Polish sheep wool for improved resource utilisation and value creation.” NOR/POLNOR/WOOLUME/0007/2019.