Extraction and Characterization of Natural Dye Stuff from Spent Coffee Ground and Bio-Mordant from Mango Bark

ABSTRACT

Synthetic colorants used for dye and mordant purposes in textile industries are currently causing environmental problems in the world. The usage of these synthetic colorants is a major health problem and harms the environment. For this reason, synthetic colorants should be replaced by natural colorants. Therefore, this study aimed to extract natural dye stuff from spent coffee ground and bio-mordant from mango bark. The raw materials were collected, washed, dried, crushed and their physico-chemical properties were determined. Finally, the samples were extracted by using the solvent extraction method. During the extraction process, the central composite design method (CCD) was used to analyze and optimize the effect of dosage (g/l), temperature (℃) and time (min). The maximum natural dye yield value of 18.41% was obtained at a dosage of 60 g/l, temperature of 70°C and time of 90 min. Also, the highest natural mordant yield of 19.03% was achieved at the value of 45 g/l, 70°C and 90 min. The fastness properties of dyed and mordanted cotton fabric results were within a range of acceptable standard values. Therefore, using spent coffee grounds for natural dyes and mango bark for natural mordant can be a feasible commercial alternative to synthetic dyes in textile and dyeing industries.

摘要

纺织工业中用于染料和媒染剂目的的合成着色剂目前正在世界范围内引起环境问题. 这些合成着色剂的使用是一个主要的健康问题，并危害环境. 因此，合成着色剂的最佳解决方案之一应该被天然着色剂所取代. 因此，本研究旨在从废咖啡渣中提取天然染料，并从芒果皮中提取生物媒染剂. 对原料进行收集、洗涤、干燥、粉碎，并测定其物理化学性质（水分含量、灰分含量和溶解度）. 最后，采用溶剂萃取法对样品进行了萃取. 在提取过程中，使用设计专家13.1.0.1软件包中的中心复合物设计方法（CCD）分析并优化了用量（g/l）、温度（℃）和时间（min）对提取产率的影响. 在用量为60 g/l、温度为70°C、时间为90 min的条件下，天然染料的最大得率为18.41%. 在45 g/l、70°C、90 min的条件下，天然媒染剂的收率最高，达19.03%. 染色和媒染后的棉织物的牢度在可接受的标准值范围内. 因此，在纺织和染色行业中，使用废咖啡渣作为天然染料，使用芒果皮作为天然媒染剂，可以成为合成染料的可行商业替代品.

KEYWORDS:

• Dye
• cotton fabric
• fdastness properties
• ground
• mordant

关键字:

• 染料
• 棉布
• 紧固特性
• 地
• 媒染剂

Highlights

• Natural dye stuff extracted from spent coffee ground and natural bio-mordant from mango bark are of textile importance.

• Dyeing experiments were optimized using Response Surface Methodology.

• The dyed and mordanted cotton samples exhibited good fastness characteristics.

• The maximum dye yield of 18.41% was obtained at 60 g/l, 70°C, 90 min.

• The highest mordant yield of 19.03% was achieved at 45 g/l, 70°C and 90 min.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Wollo University for supporting this study.

Authors’ contributions

All authors have made substantive intellectual contribution to this study in data analysis, preparation and editing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by Wollo University.