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ABSTRACT
Vaccination is one of the most important medical interventions that helped to eradicate a number of diseases. The crucial parameter in vaccination is to deliver the vaccine in a proper manner to evoke robust immune response. For this, the development of vaccine has undergone an evolutionary process, from attenuated pathogen vaccines to DNA vaccines. In this regard, nanotechnology has helped to formulate efficient vaccine delivery systems that can protect the encapsulated antigen from the hostile in vivo environment and can maintain a sustained release that helps to induce the immunostimulatory properties of the vaccine. The different nanovehicles, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, microparticles, dendrimers, and micelles, etc., are gifts of nanotechnology and are well known for their potential to protect the encapsulated antigen. Among these, the microparticles have been proved as efficient vaccine delivery systems due to their size, stability, resiliency for surface modification as per requirement, and their control rate of degradation to allow sustained release of the antigens.