Multi-Organ Dysfunction Due to Envenoming Syndrome Following a Massive Bee Attack: A Fatal Case Study and Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

Honeybee bites are a common public health hazard, the incidence of which is gradually increasing. A bee sting incident involving more than fifty stings is categorized as massive envenomation. The clinical manifestations of honey bee stings can range from localized symptoms to severe allergic and systemic reactions.This case study presents a 60-year-old male who experienced multi-organ failure following a severe bee sting incident. According to our research, this is the first documented instance in Somalia of multi-organ failure resulting from a sting by a giant honey bee. The case highlights the potential severity of bee stings, which, while often considered minor, can lead to serious medical complications. Interestingly, despite the patient suffering numerous stings and receiving a substantial amount of venom, an immediate anaphylactic reaction did not occur. Instead, a delayed severe response leading to multi-organ failure emerged within 48 hours of the incident.

Keywwords:

• Honey bee
• multi-organ failure
• acute kidney injury
• acute liver injury
• pancreatitis
• pulmonary odema

Data Sharing Statement

We declared that we had full access to all of the data in this study, and we take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data. All original data are available in the Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. Data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Ethics Approval

Based on the regulations of the review board of the Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital, institutional review board approval is not required for case reports.

Consent for Publication

Written informed consent had obtained by the patient and his son to have the case details and any accompanying images published.

Author Contributions

All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, case presentation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the case; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

We declare that we have not received any financial support.