Glucocorticoid-Induced Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma

Abstract

Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is indicated in many diseases, including ocular diseases. An important side-effect of GC therapy is GC-induced ocular hypertension (GIOHT), which may cause irreversible blindness known as GC-induced glaucoma (GIG). Here, we reviewed the pathological changes that contribute to GIOHT including in the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm’s canal at cellular and molecular levels. We also discussed the clinical aspects of GIOHT/GIG including disease prevalence, risk factors, the type of GCs, the route of GC administration, and management strategies.

Keywords:

• glucocorticoid
• intraocular pressure
• trabecular meshwork
• aqueous humor outflow
• mechanism
• treatment

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by NEI R01EY026962 (W.M.), R01EY031700 (W.M.), R01EY031700-03S1 (W.M.), R21EY033929 (W.M.), BrightFocus Foundation G2023009S (W.M.), and a Challenge Grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine).