Delignified wood biocomposites as sustainable and transparent materials for passive cooling applications

ABSTRACT

Wood possesses unique structural and functional properties that make it a promising material for the development of windows. In this study, the potential use of wood biocomposites as a window materials was explored by delignification of local Indonesian woods, such as mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), sungkai (Peronema canescens), mindi (Melia azedarach), and maple (Acer laurinum), using NaOH and H₂O₂ followed by epoxy resin impregnation. Macroscopic observations, optical transmittance (τ), tensile and bending strength tests were performed to evaluate their optical and mechanical properties. An infrared exposure simulation was also conducted to assess the material passive cooling capabilities in a room model. The results revealed that mahogany and maple had the highest τ values (86.03% and 81.43%, respectively). Transparent mahogany wood exhibited haze due to optical scattering but showed strong mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 78.83 MPa and a strain (ϵ) of 2.67%. Transparent maple wood had UTS of 84.67 MPa and ϵ of 2.32%. The use of transparent mahogany and maple in room model reduced the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments by up to 11.5°C and 10.5°C, respectively, which suggests that transparent wood can be used as a window material for sustainable passive cooling applications.

KEYWORDS:

• Transparent wood
• visible transmittance
• mahogany wood
• passive cooling

Acknowledgements

The author(s) would like to thank the Publishing and Publication Agency (BPP) of Universitas Gadjah Mada for facilitating language editing. Author(s) also thanks Abdul Halim PhD and Dr. Stephen Tay for valuable advice on this research. Laurentius Kevin Hendinata: conceptualization, methodology, data processing and visualization, writing of original draft. Nur Abdillah Siddiq: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, writing, reviewing, and editing. Sentagi Sesotya Utami: supervision, reviewing, and editing. Ahmad Ilham Rokhul Fikri: investigation and methodology. Michael Alfano Suprapto: investigation and methodology. Ribka Prilia: investigation and methodology.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by a Research Grant from the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada with contract number 2790102/UN1.FTK/SK/HK/2023.