Manifestations of purpose in life among Finnish student teachers

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schwartz’s model of values.

Table 1. Content of life purposes, beyond-the-self contributions and BTS dreams, and actions of engagement.

	Interviewees N = 12				Meaning units f1 = 1552
Identified content of life purposes in association with Schwarz’s values	N	Self n	Other n	Both n	f1	%f1	κ
Self-enhancement					176	11	0.854
Power
Achievement (work, studying)	12	1		11	152	10
Hedonism (happiness, enjoyment)	8	5		3	24	2
Self-transcendence					384	25	0.96
Universalism (e.g., tackling inequality, reducing violence)	12		6	6	75	5
Benevolence (e.g., children, spouse)	12			12	309	20
Openness to change					154	10	0.923
Stimulation (e.g., crafting, dancing)	10	7		3	89	6
Self-Direction (e.g., development in life, freedom)	8	5		4	65	4
Conservation					110	7	1
Tradition (God)	2	1		1	16	1
Conformity
Security (e.g., safety, health)	12	3		9	94	6
Identified beyond-the-self contributions in association with Westheimer and Kahne’s forms of citizenship and BTS dreams
Personally responsible	12				62	4	0.887
Participatory	7				15	1	0.854
Justice-oriented	7				8	1	1
BTS dreams	12				71	5	0.836
Actions of engagement related to life purposes
Actions of thought	12				201	13	0.848
Social actions	12				147	9	1
Value actions	12				79	5	1
Artistic actions	11				55	4	1
Educational actions	9				39	3	1
Health actions	9				32	2	0.867
Civic actions	3				5	1	1
Environmental actions	4				6	1	1
Religious actions	1				8	1	1

N indicates the number of interviewees who mentioned a particular content of life purpose associated with Schwarz’s values framework, beyond-the-self contribution associated with Westheimer and Kahne’s forms of citizenship, BTS dreams, or actions of engagement, n the number of interviewees who expressed that the purpose content was beneficial to themselves or others, f₁ the number of identified meaning units related to different purposes, beyond-the-self contributions, BTS dreams, and actions of engagement, %_f1 the percentage of these units. κ kappa values.