The differences in the count of B lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis patients with and without dupilumab therapy and in healthy subjects in pollen season and out of pollen season

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristic of patients. The characteristic of 13 AD patients with dupilumab therapy and of 21 AD patients without dupilumab therapy. The number of patients (%) with positive result to molecular components according to ALEX2 Allergy Xplorer. The mean values (minimal, maximal) of SCORAD, EASI, POEM, DLQI are recorded. SCORAD: Scoring of atopic dermatitis; EASI:Eczema area and severity Index; POEM:Patient oriented eczema measure; DLQI:Dermatology life quality index. ^aage is recorded at first examination during period out of pollen season. ^bThe mean values (minimal, maximal) of SCORAD, EASI before starting the dupilumab therapy.

	Dupilumab treated patients		Dupilumab untreated patients
	13 (7 men, 6 women), age* 43.4 years (38.6 − 48.3)		21 (6 men, 15 women), age* 36.9 years (27.2 − 48.7)
Bet v 1 (PR 10 protein, birch)	7 (53.9 %)		10 (47.7 %)
Cyn d  (Beta expansin, Bermuda grass)	8 (61.5 %)		8 (40.0 %)
Fag s 1 (PR-10 protein, European beech)	6 (54.5 %)		9 (47.4 %)
Cor a 1.0103  (PR-10 protein, hazel pollen)	6 (54.5 %)		8 (42.1 %)
Phl p 1 (Beta expansin, Timothy grass)	10 (76.9 %)		14 (66.7 %)
Cora 1.0401  (PR-10 protein, hazel pollen)	7 (53.9 %)		8(42.1 %)
Lol p 1 (Beta expansin, rye grass)	7 (63.6 %)		12 (63.2 %)
Phl p 2	8 (72.7 %)		5 (26.3 %)
Phl p 5 (grass group 5/6, Timothy grass),	7 (53.8 %)		12 (57.1 %)
Phl p 6 (grass group 5/6, Timothy grass),	7 (53.8 %)		12 (57.1 %)
Secc pollen (Cultivated rye, pollen)	7 (63.6 %)		10 (52.63 %)
Pollen allergy	12 (93.3 %)		14 (66.7 %)
	Pollen season	Out of pollen season	Pollen season	Out of pollen season
EASI	11.7 (8.5 − 19.2) 36.1 (25.5 − 39.2)^b	10.1 (8.2 − 17.2) 32.1 (26.2 − 40.5)^b	35.2 (28.5 − 38.2)	33.5 (25.2 − 39.5)
SCORAD	11.5 (7.9 − 18.2) 33.1 (24.7 − 45.3)**	10.5 (7.1 − 18.2) 32.6 (24.9 − 45.5)^b	32.3 (26.7 − 41.2)	30.6 (25.9 − 40.5)
POEM	4.2 (2 − 6)	4.2 (2 − 6)	14.3 (9 − 18)	15.6 (10 − 19)
DLQI	3.2 (1 − 5)	3.2 (1 − 5)	12.5 (8 − 15)	12.5 (8 − 15)
Control group	40 healthy subjects 18 men, 22 women, age 42.3 s.d. 9.1	30 healthy subjects 10 men, 20 women, age 44.1 s.d.9.7	40 healthy subjects 18 men, 22 women, age 42.3 s.d. 9.1	30 healthy subjects 10 men, 20 women, age 44.1 s.d.9.7

Table 2. The count of leukocytes and lymphocytes n AD patients with and without dupilumab therapy in pollen season and out of pollen season compared to control group-horizontal comparison. The comparison of results in AD patients in pollen season and out of pollen season-vertical comparison. The median value is recorded.

DUP – patients without dupilumab treatment, DUP + patients with dupilumab treatment. We show the significant difference in statistical analysis, p-value <0.05.

	DUP-	DUP+	Control	DUP -/ DUP+	DUP -/ control	DUP + /control
	The count of absolute leukocytes 10^9/l
Pollen season	6.74	6.98	6.66
Out of pollen season	7.07	7.3	5.68
p-value	0.313	0.234	0.257
	The count of absolute lymphocytes 10^9/l
Pollen season	1.77	1.97	2.03
Out of pollen season	1.80	1.72	1.76
p-value	0.601	0.323	0.101

Tables 3. The count of B lymphocytes and their subsets and CD5+, CD22+, CD73+ B lymphocytes in AD patients with and without dupilumab therapy in pollen season and out of pollen season compared to control group – horizontal comparison.

	The count of absolute B lymphocytes 10^9/l
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	0.23	0.27	0.27
Out of pollen season	0.23	0.21	0.19
p-value	0.402	0.128	0.112
	The count of relative B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	12.0	13.0	12.0
Out of pollen season	11.0	12.0	12.5
p-value	0.011*	0.227	0.971
	The count of total memory B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	32.0	32.0	26.5
Out of pollen season	52.0	45.0	43.5
p-value	0.0001*	0.001*	0.001*
	The count of naive B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	64.0	63.0	62.5
Out of pollen season	39.0	44.0	50.0
p-value	0.0001*	0.002*	0.0001*
	The count of non switched B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	15.0	18.0	11.0			<0.05
Out of pollen season	32.0	30.0	30.0
p-value	0.0001*	0.001*	0.001*
	The count of switched B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	15.0	13.0	14.5
Out of pollen season	19.0	18.0	14.5
p-value	0.0004*	0.0009*	0.739
	The count of transitional B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	2.6	1.3	1.0		<0.001
Out of pollen season	1.2	1.0	0.8
p-value	0.001*	0.046*	0.872
	The count of absolute CD5+ B lymphocytes (MFI)
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	0.57	0.49	0.62
Out of pollen season	0.29	0.38	0.44
p-value	0.0013*	0.019*	0.119
	The count of relative CD5+ B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	33.0	24.0	27.0
Out of pollen season	19.0	20.0	25.0
p-value	0.00017*	0.015*	0.872
	The count of absolute CD22+ B lymphocytes (MFI)
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	1.76	1.93	2.08
Out of pollen season	1.69	1.68	1.75
p-value	0.453	0.197	0.215
	The count of relative CD22+ B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	99	99	99
Out of pollen season	97	98	99		<0.001	<0.01
p-value	0.014*	0.022*	0.618
	The count of absolute CD73+ B lymphocytes (MFI)
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	1.26	1.32	1.58
Out of pollen season	1.33	1.29	1.28
p-value	0.493	0.1597	0.076
	The count of relative CD73+ B lymphocytes %
	DUP−	DUP+	Control	DUP−/DUP+	DUP−/control	DUP+/control
Pollen season	73.0	80.0	75.5
Out of pollen season	69.0	75.0	71.5
p-value	0.001*	0.004*	0.102

The median value is recorded. The comparison of results in AD patients in pollen season and out of pollen season-vertical comparison. MFI: laboratory unit in flow cytometry; DUP –: patients without dupilumab treatment; DUP +: patients with dupilumab treatment.

We show the significant difference in statistical analysis, *p-value < 0.05.