Evaluation of innate lymphoid cells and their subsets in atopic dermatitis patients with and without dupilumab therapy

Figures & data

Table 1. Gating strategies for ILC cells and their subsets (ILC-1, ILC-2, ILC-3, ILC-3 NCR+, ILC-3 NCR.

Gating strategies for ILC cells	Negativity of the markers: CD1a, CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD94, CD123, TCRα/β, TCRγ/δ, FαR1a (LIN)
	Character positivity: CD45, CD127
ILC-1 cells	CD1a, CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD94, CD123, TCRα/β, TCRγ/δ, FαR1a (LIN) and CD117.
	Sign negativity: CD335 (NKp46)
ILC-2 cells	Character negativity: CD1a, CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD94, CD123, TCRα/β, TCRγ/δ, FαR1a (LIN)
	Character positivity: CD294, CD161
ILC-3 cells	Character negativity: CD1a, CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34, CD94, CD123, TCRα/β, TCRγ/δ, FαR1a (LIN)
	Character positivity: CD117

Table 2. Characteristic of atopic dermatitis patients.

Patient characteristics	Dupilumab untreated patients	Dupilumab treated patients
Age	46.1 years (24.2- 52.3)	45.3 years (31.6-48.3)
Number of patients	57 (34 women and 23 men)	20 (14 men, 6 women)
SCORAD	31.5 (26.5-38.7)	35.1 (30.5-45.2)	Before dupilumab therapy
		9.5 (7.1-18.2)	Average value after 1.5 years of treatment with dupilumab
EASI	31.3 (26.8-38.5)	33.1 (30.1-44.2)	Before dupilumab therapy
		9.1 (8.2-17.2)	Average value after 1.5 years of treatment with dupilumab
POEM	13.6 (10-18)	15.3 (12–21)	Before dupilumab therapy
		4.1 (2–6)	Average value after 1.5 years of treatment with dupilumab
DLQI	12.6 (9 – 16)	15.5 (11-20)	Before dupilumab therapy
		3.4 (1–5)	Average value after 1.5 years of treatment with dupilumab

Control group - 40 healthy subjects (18 men, 22 women), age 42.3 years s.d. 9.2 years.

Table 3. The count of total lymphocytes, ILC cells and their subsets (ILC-1, ILC-2, ILC-3, ILC-3 NCR+, ILC-3 NCR-) in AD patients and control group, statistical analysis.

	Median values (10^9/l)			Statistical analysis
	DUP-	DUP+	Control group	DUP+/DUP p - value	DUP-/control p - value	DUP+ /control p - value
Lymphocytes 10^9/l	1.67	1.75	1.79
Total ILC 10^9/l	0.0011	0.0015	0.0016		˂ 0.05
ILC-1 10^9/l	0.00035	0.00033	0.00037
ILC-2 10^9/l	0.00027	0.00042	0.00042		˂ 0.05
ILC-3 10^9/l	0.00045	0.00052	0.00072
ILC-3 NCR+ 10^9/l	0.00040	0.00048	0.00061
ILC-3 NCR- 10^9/l	0.000037	0.000054	0.000082		˂ 0.001

Table 4a. AD severity and the count of ILC cells in AD patients without dupilumab therapy. The relation between AD severity and the count of ILCs and their subsets was not confirmed (≥ 0.05).

	Severity of AD, number of patients			Statistical analysis
	Mild form 12 patients	Moderate form 34 patients	Severe form 11 patients	Mild/moderate p - value	Mild/severe p - value	Moderate/severe p - value
Lymphocytes 10^9/l	1.62075	1.61205	2.2125	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
Total ILC 10^9/l	0.00128	0.00107	0.00111	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-1 10^9/l	0.00036	0.00036	0.00031	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-2 10^9/l	0.00026	0.00028	0.00014	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 10^9/l	0.00047	0.00047	0.00027	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 NCR+ 10^9/l	0.00041	0.00042	0.00024	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 NCR- 10^9/l	5.0116E-05	3.6642E-05	2.8644E-05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05

Table 4b. AD severity and the count of ILC cells in all AD patients (with and without dupilumab therapy). the relation between AD severity and the count of ILCs and their subsets was not confirmed (≥ 0.05).

	Severity of AD, number of patients			Statistical analysis
	Mild 29 patients	Moderate 37 patients	Severe 11 patients	Mild/moderate p - value	Mild/severe p - value	Moderate/severe p - value
Lymphocytes 10^9/l	1.638	1.6425	2.2125	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
Total ILC 10^9/l	0.00132	0.00111	0.00112	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-1 10^9/l	0.00035	0.00035	0.00031	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-2 10^9/l	0.00027	0.00028	0.00014	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 10^9/l	0.00049	0.00047	0.00027	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 NCR+ 10^9/l	0.00041	0.00042	0.00025	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05
ILC-3 NCR- 10^9/l	5.0184E-05	3.7016E-05	2.8644E-05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05	≥ 0.05

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.