Paleoenvironmental evolution and organic matter accumulation of the lower Cambrian Maidiping marine black shales in the intracratonic basin, western margin of Sichuan Basin, South China

ABSTRACT

The Late Ediacaran to Early Cambrian marked a pivotal phase in paleoenvironmental and tectonic shifts. The Sichuan Basin, on the Yangtze platform’s western edge, developed the Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag due to Xingkai taphrogenesis. The Maidiping Formation’s black shales, the initial fine-grained clastic deposits from the Early Cambrian, span the Sichuan Basin’s western margin. The influence of the intracratonic sag on organic matter accumulation and paleo-marine environment evolution remains unclear. Comprehensive petrological and geochemical analyses on the Qingping section revealed three distinct members within the Maidiping Formation: black shales and silicified dolomite with shales in a restricted basin (lower member), deep-water black shales (middle member), and phosphoritic turbidite sandstone with siliceous phosphorites (upper member). The lower member’s organic accumulation arose from restricted ocean circulation, leading to stratified waters and reduced oxygen at depth. The middle member’s organic build-up was influenced by enhanced intracratonic sag connectivity with the open ocean, sea-level rise, and increased productivity. The submarine hydrothermal activity might have induced anoxic conditions. The upper member saw a decline in organic matter due to phosphoritic debris and oxygenation. The Maidiping Formation augments the Lower Cambrian source rock, vital for oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin’s western margin.

KEYWORDS:

• tectonic transition
• Yangtze platform
• phosphorites
• source rock
• depositional model

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Prof. Thomas Algeo and other anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions that greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. The authors are also grateful for Prof. Riel Carlo’s help in polishing the language.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2023.2278054

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant numbers U2344209, U19B6003, 41902105, 91755210].