Significance of nanoparticle radius on EMHD Casson nanomaterial flow with non-uniform heat source and second-order velocity slip

Abstract

For its application in cancer therapy, targeted drug delivery, radiofrequency ablation, and magnetic resonance imaging, the dynamics of electro-magnetohydrodynamic flow of blood-gold nanomaterial over a nonlinearly stretching surface utilizing the Casson model has been elucidated numerically. The impact of second-order hydrodynamic-slip, nanoparticle radius, first-order thermal-slip, inter-particle spacing and non-uniform heat source are also accounted. The modeled flow equations are transmuted into a nonlinear system of first-order ODEs (with the aid of apposite similarity variables) which are then resolved numerically utilizing the bvp5c scheme. The thermal field augments with an increase and a decrease in the inter-particle spacing and radius of gold-nanoparticles, respectively. However, a reverse trend is noted for the velocity profile when the radius and inter-particle spacing of gold-nanoparticles are altered. The trend and magnitude of the change in the drag rate and heat transfer rate under the influence of effectual parameters have been demonstrated statistically using slope of linear regression. It is noticed that per unit increase in the volume fraction of gold nanoparticles augments the heat transfer rate by 81.71% and reduces the surface drag by 163.51%. Further, per unit increase in the inter-particle spacing of gold nanoparticles augments the drag coefficient by 85.92% whereas per unit increase in the radius of gold nanoparticles reduces the skin friction coefficient by 49.71%.

Keywords:

• Blood-gold Casson nanofluid
• EMHD flow
• nanoparticle radius
• non-uniform heat source (NHS)
• second-order hydrodynamic-slip
• slope of linear regression

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge learned reviewers for their thoughtful comments and constructive suggestions.

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.