Sol-gel for delivery of molecules, its method of preparation and recent applications in medicine

ABSTRACT

Sol-Gel is formed by conversion of liquid precursor into a sol and then to a gel. This technique is a common process for forming porous materials via solidification from a real solution phase. Preparation of homogenous solution, hydrolysis, gelation, drying, densification are major steps in sol-gel formation. Sol-Gel derived materials include glasses, ceramics, and nanoparticles, each offering unique properties and characteristics tailored to particular applications. Sol-Gel offers a distinct pathway for creation of many new and conventional nanomaterials that had been improved by combustion or hydrothermal treatment. This review highlights sol-gel process, steps involved in preparation and applications in medicine.

Graphical abstract

KEYWORDS:

• Chemical sensors
• coating
• gelation
• porous
• silicon
• Sol-gel

Data availability statement

All the data are contained in the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Muhammad Ahsan Waqar

Muhammad Ahsan Waqar, Lecturer / Researcher, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Naeem Mubarak

Naeem Mubarak, Pro-Vice Chancellor, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Asad Majeed Khan

Asad Majeed Khan, Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Rabeel Khan

Rabeel Khan, Lecturer / Researcher, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Iqra Noor Khan

Iqra Noor Khan, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Maria Riaz

Maria Riaz, Lecturer, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

Ali Ahsan

Ali Ahsan, Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.

Minahal Munir

Minahal Munir, Researcher, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.