How to explain gender differences in fear of crime: Towards an evolutionary approach

References

• Buss D 1999 Evolutionary psychology The new science of the mind Boston Allyn and Bacon
   Google Scholar
• Buss , D and Shackelford , T . 1997 . Human aggression in evolutionary psychological perspective . Clinical Psychological Review , 17 : 605 – 619 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , A . 1999 . Staying alive: Evolution, culture, and women's intrasexual aggression . Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 22 : 203 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chagnon , N . 1988 . Life histories, blood revenge, and warfare in a tribal population . Science , 239 : 985 – 992 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan , W and Rigakos , GS . 2002 . Risk, crime and gender . British Journal of Criminology , 42 : 743 – 761 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J 1988 Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.) Hillsdale NJ Lawrence-Erlbaum
   Google Scholar
• Daly M Wilson M 1988 Homicide New York Aldine de Gruyter
   Google Scholar
• De Becker G 1997 The gift of fear New York Little Brown
   Google Scholar
• Elander , J , West , R and French , D . 1993 . Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings . Psychological Bulletin , 113 : 279 – 294 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferraro KE 1995 Fear of crime. Interpreting victimization risks Albany NY State University of Albany Press
   Google Scholar
• Fetchenhauer , D and Rohde , P . 2002 . Evolutionary personality psychology and victimology. Sex differences in risk attitudes and short-term orientation and their relation to sex differences in victimizations . Evolution and Human Behavior , 23 : 233 – 244 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottfredson M Hirschi T 1990 A general theory of crime Stanford CA Stanford University Press
   Google Scholar
• Grasmick , HG , Hagan , J , Blackwell , BS and Arneklev , BJ . 1996 . Risk preferences and patriarchy: Extending power control theory . Social Forces , 75 : 177 – 199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagan , J , Simpson , J and Gillis , AR . 1987 . Class in the household: A power control theory of gender and delinquency . American Journal of Sociology , 92 : 788 – 816 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hale , C . 1996 . Fear of crime: A review of the literature . International Review of Victimology , 4 : 79 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Hallinan MT (Ed.) 2000 Handbook of the sociology of education New York Kluwer Academics
   Google Scholar
• Harris , JR . 1995 . Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development . Psychological Review , 102 : 458 – 489 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayney , D-L . 1998 . The gender gap in fear of crime, 1973–1994: A methodological approach . Criminal Justice Review , 23 : 29 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• Killias , M and Clerici , C . 2000 . Different measures of vulnerability in their relation to different dimensions of fear of crime . British Journal of Criminology , 40 : 437 – 450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingma , J . 1994 . The young male peak in different categories of trauma victims . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 79 : 920 – 922 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konner M 1982 The tangled wing Biological constraints on the human spirit New York Holt, Rinehart, and Winston
   Google Scholar
• Low BS 2000 Why sex matters A Darwinian look at human behavior. Princeton Princeton University Press
   Google Scholar
• Lytton , H and Romney , D . 1991 . Parent's differential socialization of boys and girls: A meta-analysis . Psychological Bulletin , 109 : 267 – 296 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May , DC . 2001 . The effect of fear of sexual victimization on adolescent fear of crime . Sociological Spectrum , 21 : 141 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy , B , Hagan , J and Woodward , TS . 1999 . In the company of women: Structure and agency in a revised power-control theory of gender and delinquency . Criminology , 37 : 761 – 788 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrongiello , B and Dawber , T . 2000 . Mothers' responses to sons and daughters engaging in injury-risk behaviors on a playground. Implications for sex differences in injury rates . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 76 : 89 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacco , VF . 1990 . Gender, fear and victimization: A preliminary application of power control theory . Sociological Spectrum , 1 : 485 – 506 .
   Google Scholar
• Schwind H-D Fetchenhauer D Ahlborn W Weiß R 2001 Kriminalitätsphänome im Langzeitvergleich [Phenomena of crime in a longitudinal perspective] Neuwied Luchterhand
   Google Scholar
• Stanko E 1990 Everyday violence. Women's and men's experience of personal danger London Pandora Press
   Google Scholar
• Taylor SE 2002 The tending instinct. How nurturing is essential to who we are and how we live New York Times Books
   Google Scholar
• Trivers RL 1972 Parental investment and sexual selection In B. Campbell (Ed.) Sexual selection and the descent of man 1871–1971 pp. 136–179 Chicago Aldine
   Google Scholar
• United Nations 2001 Human development report Oxford Oxford University Press
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Justice 2002 Crime and victim statistics Retrieved May 23, 2002, from, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/cvict.htm
   Google Scholar
• Warr , M . 1984 . Fear of victimization: Why are women and the elderly more afraid? . Social Science Quarterly , 65 : 681 – 702 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warr , M . 1985 . Fear of rape among urban women . Social Problems , 32 : 238 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warr , M . 1990 . Dangerous situations: Social context and the fear of victimization . Social Forces , 68 : 891 – 907 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , M and Daly , M . 1985 . Competitiveness, risk-taking, and violence: The young male syndrome . Ethology and Sociobiology , 6 : 59 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winkel , FW . 1998 . Fear of crime and criminal victimization . British Journal of Criminology , 38 : 473 – 484 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar