Publication Cover
KIVA
Journal of Southwestern Anthropology and History
Volume 90, 2024 - Issue 2
220
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Archaeology of the Bonito Paleochannel Cycle at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico: Implications for Communal and Household Level Investment in Water Management

, &

References Cited

  • Abbott, David R. 1994 Hohokam Social Structure and Irrigation Management: The Ceramic Evidence from the Central Phoenix Basin. PhD dissertation, Arizona State University, Tempe.
  • Adams, Karen R. 1980 Pollen, Parched Seeds and Prehistory: A Pilot Investigation of Prehistoric Plant Remains from Salmon Ruin, a Chacoan Pueblo in Northwestern New Mexico. Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology, Vol. 9. Portales, New Mexico.
  • Akins, Nancy J. 1984 Temporal Variation in Faunal Assemblages. In Recent Research on Chaco Prehistory, edited by John D. Schelberg, W. James Judge, pp. 225–240. Reports of the Chaco Center Number Eight, National Park Service, Albuquerque, NM.
  • Anschuetz, Kurt F. 1998 Not Waiting for the Rain: Integrated Systems of Water Management by Pre-Columbian Pueblo Famers in North-Central New Mexico. PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
  • Arbolino, Risa Diemond 2000 Agricultural Strategies and Labor Organization: An Ethnohistoric Approach to the Study of Prehistoric Farming Systems in the Toas Area of New Mexico. PhD dissertation, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX.
  • Bannister, Bryant 1965 Tree-ring Dating of the Archaeological Sites in the Chaco Canyon Region, New Mexico. Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, Technical Series, Vol. 6 – Part 2. Globe, Arizona.
  • Benson, Larry V. 2010 Who Provided Maize to Chaco Canyon After the mid-12th-Century Drought? Journal of Archaeological Science 37(3):621–629.
  • Bishop, Katelyn J., and G. Samantha Fladd 2018 Ritual Fauna and Social Organization at Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon. The Kiva 84(3):293–316.
  • Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1975 The Prehistoric and Historic Role of the Cool-Season Grasses in the Southwest. Economic Botany 29(3):199–208.
  • Bradley, Zorro A. 1971 Site BC236, Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico. Division of Archeology, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation, National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Bromberg, William 1960 Site BC 364, Chaco Canyon: A Prehistoric Farm System. Unpublished Manuscript, Chaco Culture National Historical Park Archives, No. C855311. Albuquerque, New Mexico.
  • Bryan, Kirk 1925 Date of Channel Trenching (Arroyo Cutting) in the Arid Southwest. Science 62(1607):338–344.
  • Bryan, Kirk 1929 Flood-Water Farming. Geographical Review 19:444–456.
  • Bryan, Kirk 1941 Pre-Columbian Agriculture in the Southwest, as Conditioned by Periods of Alluviation. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 32(4):219–242.
  • Bryan, Kirk 1954 The Geology of Chaco Canyon New Mexico in Relation to the Life and Remains of the Prehistoric Peoples of Pueblo Bonito. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Volume 122, Number 7. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  • Cajigas, Rachel, Jay Quade, and Tammy Rittenour 2020 Multitechnique Dating of Earthen Irrigation Canals at the La Playa Site, Sonora, Mexico. Geoarchaeology 35:834–855.
  • Castetter, Edward F. 1935 Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food. University of New Mexico Bulletin, No. 266, Biological Series 4(1). Albuquerque.
  • Coats, Sloan, Jason E. Smerdon, Richard Seager, Daniel Griffin, and Benjamin I. Cook 2015 Winter-to-Summer Precipitation Phasing in Southwestern North America: A Multicentury Perspective from Paleoclimatic Model-Data Comparisons. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 120:8052–8064.
  • Crown, Patricia L. 1987a Water Storage in the Prehistoric Southwest. The Kiva 52:209–228.
  • Crown, Patricia L. 1987b Classic Period Hohokam Settlement and Land Use in the Casa Grande Ruins Area, Arizona. Journal of Field Archaeology 14(2):147–162.
  • Crown, Patricia L. 2016 Summary and Conclusions: Production, Exchange, Consumption and Discard at Pueblo Bonito. In The Pueblo Bonito Mounds of Chaco Canyon: Material Culture and Fauna, edited by Patricia L. Crown, pp. 213–238. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
  • Crown, Patricia L. 2020 The House of the Cylinder Jars: Room 28 in Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
  • Cully, Anne 1985 Pollen Evidence of Past Subsistence and Environments at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. In Environment and Subsistence of Chaco Canyon, edited by F. J. Mathien, pp. 135–245. Publications in Archeology 18F, Chaco Canyon Studies. National Park Service, Albuquerque, NM.
  • Cully, Anne 1988 Five Pollen Samples from Kin Nahasbas. In Historic Structure Report Kin Nahasbas, Chaco Culture National Historical Park, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Frances Joan Mathien, Thomas C. Windes, pp. 289–294. National Park Service, Branch of Cultural Research, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Cummings, Linda S. 2001 Paleo Research Technical Report 01-35. Prepared for National Park Service, Southwest Region, Santa Fe, New Mexico and Navajo Nation, Gallup, New Mexico.
  • Diamond, Jared 2005 Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. Penguin Books, New York.
  • Ditto, Emily Cubbon 2017 Cosmological Caches: Organization and Power at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. PhD dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Dominquez, Steven, and Kenneth E. Kolm 2005 Beyond Water Harvesting: A Soil Hydrology Perspective on Traditional Southwestern Agricultural Technology. American Antiquity 70(4):732–765.
  • Doolittle, William E. 1984 Agricultural Change as an Incremental Process. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 74(1):124–137.
  • Doolittle, William E. 1985 The Use of Check Dams for Protecting Downstream Agricultural Lands in the Prehistoric Southwest: A Contextual Analysis. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 41(3):279–305.
  • Doolittle, William E. 1990 Canal Irrigation in Prehistoric Mexico: The Sequence of Technological Change. University of Texas Press, Austin.
  • Doolittle, William E. 2010 Historical Geography of Check Dams. In Check Dams: Morphological Adjustments and Erosion Control in Torrential Streams, edited by C. C. Garcia and M. A. Lensi, pp. 1–10. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
  • Doolittle, William E. 2015 Expedience, Impermanence, and Unplanned Obsolescence: The Coming-About of Agricultural Features and Landscapes. In The Oxford Handbook of Historical Ecology and Applied Archaeology, edited by Christian Isendahl and Dryl Stump. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199672691.013.6.
  • Dorshow, Wetherbee Bryan 2012 Modeling Agricultural Potential in Chaco Canyon during the Bonito Phase: A Predictive Geospatial Approach. Journal of Archaeological Science 39:2098–2115.
  • Dorshow, Wetherbee Bryan, and W. H. Wills 2022 Agricultural Suitability of the Chaco Canyon Region, New Mexico: Implications for Settlement Patterning during the Great House Period (ca. AD 850 to 1200). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 46(2022):103650.
  • Drake, B. Lee, W. H. Wills, Marian Hamilton, and Wetherbee B. Dorshow 2014 Correction: Strontium Isotopes and the Reconstruction of the Chaco Regional System: Evaluating Uncertainty with Bayesian Mixing Models. PLoS One 9(8):e105849. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095580.
  • Drake, B. Lee 2018 Source & Sourceability: Towards a Probabilistic Framework for Dendroprovenance Based on Hypothesis Testing and Bayesian Inference. Dendrochronologia 47:38–47.
  • Elmore, Francis H. 1944 Ethnobotany of the Navajo. University of New Mexico Bulletin No. 392, Monograph Series 1(7). Albuquerque.
  • Fish, Suzanne K., and Paul R. Fish (editors) 1984 Prehistoric Agricultural Strategies in the Southwest. Arizona State University Anthropological Papers No. 13, Arizona State University, Tempe.
  • Force, Eric R., R. Gwinn Vivian, Thomas C. Windes, and Jeffrey S. Dean 2002 Relation of “Bonito” Paleo-Channels and Base-Level Variations to Anasazi Occupation, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Arizona State Museum Archaeological Series 194, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson.
  • Ford, Richard I. (editor) 1985 Prehistoric Food Production in North America. Anthropological Papers No. 75, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
  • Friedman, Jonathan M., Kirk R. Vincent, Elanor R. Griffin, Michael L. Scott, Patrick B. Shafroth, and Gregor T. Auble 2015 Processes of Arroyo Filling in Northern New Mexico, USA. Geological Society of America Bulletin 127(3-4):621–640.
  • Green, Jesse (editor) 1979 Zuni: Selected Writings of Frank Hamilton Cushing. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln and London.
  • Hall, Stephen A. 1977 Late Quaternary Sedimentation and Paleoecologic History of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin 88:1593–1618.
  • Hall, Stephen A. 1988 Prehistoric Vegetation and Environment at Chaco Canyon. American Antiquity 53(3):582–592.
  • Hall, Stephen A. 2010 New Interpretations of Alluvial and Paleo-Vegetation Records from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. In New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 61st Field Conference, Four Corners Country, edited by Fassett, James E., Kate E. Zeigler, and Virgil Lueth, pp. 231–246, New Mexico Geological Society, Socorro, NM.
  • Hamilton, Marian, B. Lee Drake, W. H. Wills, Emily Lena Jones, Cyler Conrad, and Patricia L. Crown 2018 Stable Oxygen Isotope Sourcing of Archaeological Fauna from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. American Antiquity 83(1):163–175.
  • Huckleberry, Gary 1999 Assessing Hohokam Canal Stability through Stratigraphy. Journal of Field Archaeology 26:1–18.
  • Hunt, Robert C., David Guillet, David R. Abbott, James Bayman, Paul Fish, Suzanne Fish, Keith Kintigh, and James A. Neely 2005 Plausible Ethnographic Analogies for the Social Organization of Hohokam Canal Irrigation. American Antiquity 70(3):433–456.
  • Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, R. Scott Anderson, and Jaqueline J. Shinker 2021 ENSO, Sun and Megadroughts in SW USA during the Last 11,000 Years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 576(2021):117217.
  • Judd, Neil M. 1954 Material Culture of Pueblo Bonito. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections Vol. 124. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  • Judd, Neil M. 1964 The Architecture of Pueblo Bonito. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections Vol. 147, No. 1. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  • Kirkby, Anne V. T. 1973 The Use of Land and Water Resources in the Past and Present Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, No. 5. Ann Arbor.
  • Lagasse, Peter F., William B. Gillespie, and Kenneth G. Eggert 1984 Hydraulic Analysis of Prehistoric Water-Control Systems at Chaco Canyon. In Recent Research on Chaco Canyon, edited by W. James Judge and John D. Schelberg, pp. 187–212. Reports of the Chaco Center Number Eight, Division of Cultural Research, National Park Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
  • Lekson, Stephen H. 1984 Great Pueblo Architecture of Chaco Canyon. Publications in Archeology 18b. National Park Service, Chaco Canyon Studies. Albuquerque, New Mexico.
  • Lekson, Stephen H. 2009 A History of the Ancient Southwest. School for Advanced Research Press, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Lekson, Stephen H., and Catherine M. Cameron 1995 The Abandonment of Chaco Canyon, the Mesa Verde Migrations, and the Reorganization of the Pueblo World. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 14(2):184–202.
  • Lentz, David L., Venicia Slotten, Nicholas P. Dunning, John G. Jones, Vernon L. Scarborough, Jon-Paul McCool, Lewis A. Owen, Samantha G. Fladd, Kenneth B. Tankersley, Cory J. Perfetta, Christopher Carr, Brooke Crowley, and Stephen Plog 2021 Ecosystem Impacts by the Ancestral Puebloans of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, USA. PLoS One 16910:e0258369.
  • Love, David W. 1977 Dynamics of Sedimentation and Geomorphic History of Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico. In New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 28th Field Conference, San Juan Basin III, edited by James F. Fassett, H.L. James, pp. 291–300, American Geomorphological Field Group, Socorro, New Mexico.
  • Love, David W. 1977a Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology. In Settlement and Subsistence Along the Lower Chaco River: The CGP Project, edited by Charles A. Reher, Frank J. Broilo, pp. 149–164. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
  • Love, David W. 1977b Dynamics of Sedimentation and Geomorphic History of Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico. In New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 28th Field Conference, San Juan Basin III, edited by James F. Fassett, H. L. James, pp. 291–300, New Mexico Geological Society, Socorro, NM.
  • Love, David W. 1980 Quaternary Geology of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. PhD dissertation, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New, Albuquerque.
  • Love, David W., Mary L. Gilliam, Larry V. Benson, Richard Friedman, Phil L. Miller, and Kirk R. Vincent 2011 Geomorphology, Hydrology and Alluvial Stratigraphy in Lower Chaco Canyon Do Not Support the Possible Existence of Prehistoric Sand-dammed Ephemeral Lakes. New Mexico Geology 33(4):107–123.
  • Maxwell, Timothy 2000 Looking for Adaptation: A Comparative and Engineering Analysis of Prehistoric Agricultural Technologies and Techniques in the Southwest. PhD dissertation, University of New, Albuquerque.
  • McKenna, Peter J. 1991 Chaco Canyon’s Mesa Verde Phase. In Excavations at 29SJ633: The Eleventh Hour Site, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Frances Joan Mathien, pp. 127–137. Reports of the Chaco Center No. 10, Branch of Cultural Research, Division of Anthropology, National Park Service, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
  • Mills, Barbara J. 2002 Recent Research on Chaco: Changing Views on Economy. Ritual and Power. Journal of Archaeological Research 10(1):65–117.
  • Mills, Barbara J. 2023 From Frontier to Centre Place: The Dynamic Trajectory of the Chaco World. Journal of Urban Archaeology 7:215–252.
  • Mobley-Tanaka, Jeannette L., and Frank W. Eddy 1995 Check Dams at Chimney Rock Mesa: Agricultural Strategies in a Marginal Environment. The Kiva 60(3):429–442.
  • Potter, Loren D. 1974 Final Report Submitted to the National Park Service on the Research Project Entitled: “Ecological Survey of Chaco Canyon.” Contract No. 14-10-3-930-222. Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
  • Purdue, Louise E., and Jean-François Berger 2015 An Integrated Socio-Environmental Approach to the Study of Ancient Water Systems: The Case of Prehistoric Hohokam Irrigation Systems in Semi-Arid Central Arizona, USA. Journal of Archaeological Science 53:586–603.
  • Reed, Paul F. (editor) 2008 Chaco’s Northern Prodigies: Salmon, Aztec, and the Ascendancy of the Middle San Juan Region after AD 1100. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
  • Reese, Kelsey M. 2020 Check Dam Agriculture on the Mesa Verde Cuesta. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 31:102372.
  • Salzer, Matthew W., and Kurt F. Kipfmueller 2005 Reconstructed Temperature and Precipitation on a Millennial Timescale from Tree-Rings in the Southern Colorado Plateau, U.S.A. Climatic Change 70:465–487.
  • Sandor, J. A., J. B. Norton, R. R. Pawluk, J. A. Homburg, D. A. Muenchrath, C. S. White, S. E. Williams, C. I. Havener, and P. D. Stahl 2002 Soil Knowledge Embodied in a Native American Runoff Agroecosystem. Transactions of the 17th World Congress of Soil Science, Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Scarborough, Vernon L., Samantha G. Fladd, Nicholas P. Dunning, Stephen Plog, Lewis A. Owen, Kenneth B. Carr, Jon-Paul Tankersley, Adam S. McCool, Elizabeth A. Watson, Brooke Haussner, Katelyn J. Crowley, David L. Bishop, R Lentz, and Gwinn Vivian 2018 Water Uncertainty, Ritual Predictability and Agricultural Canals at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Antiquity 92(364):870–889.
  • Scheffer, Marten, Egbert H. van Ness, Darcy Bird, R. Kyle Bocinsky, and Timothy A. Kohler 2021 Loss of Resilience Preceded Transformations of pre-Hispanic Pueblo Societies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118(18):e2024397118.
  • Sebastian, Lynne 1992 The Chaco Anasazi: Sociopolitical Evolution in the Prehistoric Southwest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
  • Simmons, Alan H. 1986 New Evidence for the Early Use of Cultigens in the American Southwest. American Antiquity 51(1):73–89.
  • Steiger, Nathan J., Jason E. Smerdon, Benjamin I. Cook, Richard Seager, A. Park Williams, and Edward R. Cook 2019 Oceanic and Radiative Forcing of Medieval Megadroughts in the American Southwest. Science Advances 5(7):eaax0087.
  • Stein, John R., Dabney Ford, and Richard Friedman 2003 Reconstructing Pueblo Bonito. In Pueblo Bonito, Center of the Chacoan World, edited by Jill E. Neitzel, pp. 33–60. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
  • Stein, John, Richard Friedman, Taft Blackhorse, and Richard Loose 2007 Revisiting Downtown Chaco. In The Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Stephen H. Lekson, pp. 199–224. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
  • Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. 30th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1908–1909. Washington, DC.
  • Stewart, Guy R., and Maurice Donnelly 1943 Soil and Water Economy in the Pueblo Southwest: I. Field Studies at Mesa Verde and Northern Arizona. The Scientific Monthly 56(1):31–44.
  • Sturm, Jennie O. 2016 Using Ground-Penetrating Radar to Re-Evaluate the Chetro Ketl Field Area in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 7:238–246.
  • Sturm, Jennie O., and W. H. Wills 2020 Evaluating the Gridded Agricultural Field Model in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, Using Geophysical Remote Sensing. American Antiquity 85(2):367–382.
  • Sullivan, Alan P., III 2000 Effects of Small-Scale Prehistoric Runoff Agriculture on Soil Fertility: The Developing Picture from Upland Terraces in the American Southwest. Geoarchaeology 15(4):291–313.
  • Tianduowa, Zhu, Kyle C. Woodson, and Murits W. Ertsen 2018 Reconstructing Ancient Hohokam Irrigation Systems in the Middle Gila River Valley, Arizona, United States of America. Human Ecology 46:735–746.
  • Toll, H. Wolcott, and Peter J. McKenna 1997 Chaco Ceramics. In Ceramics, Lithics and Ornaments of Chaco Canyon. Analyses of Artifacts from the Chaco Project 1971–1978. Volume I. Ceramics, edited by Frances Joan Mathien, pp. 17–530. Publications in Archeology 18G, Chaco Canyon Studies, National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Toll, Mollie S. 1985 An Overview of Chaco Canyon Macrobotanical Materials and Analyses to Date. In Environment and Subsistence of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Frances Joan Mathien, pp. 247–278. Publications in Archeology 18E, Chaco Canyon Studies, National Park Service, Albuquerque, NM.
  • Toll, H. Wolcott, Mollie S. Toll, Marcia L. Newren, and William B. Gillespie 1985 Experimental Corn Plots in Chaco Canyon: The Life and Hard Times of Zea Mays L. In Environmental and Subsistence of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Frances Joan Mathien, pp. 79–134. Publications in Archeology 18E, Chaco Canyon Studies, National Park Service, Albuquerque, NM.
  • Van Dyke, Ruth M. 2009 Chaco Reloaded: Discursive Social Memory on the Post-Chacoan Landscape. Journal of Social Archaeology 9(2):220–248.
  • Viau, A. E., M. Ladd, and K. Gajewski 2012 The Climate of North America During the Past 2000years Reconstructed from Pollen Data. Global and Planetary Change 84-85:75–83.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1971 Chaco Canyon Water Control Project Field Records. VA 2064-269, National Park Service, Chaco Culture National Historical Park Archives, Hibben Center, University of New Mexico. Albuquerque.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1972 Final Technical Letter Report for Prehistoric Water Conservation in Chaco Canyon, National Science Foundation Grant No. GS-3100. National Park Service, Chaco Culture National Historical Park Archives, Hibben Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1974 Conservation and Diversion: Water-Control Systems in the Anasazi Southwest. In Irrigation’s Impact on Society, edited by Theodore E. Downing and McGuire Gibson, pp. 95–113. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona Number 25, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1980 Chaco Canyon Water Control-Vivian Map. National Park Service, Chaco Culture National Historical Park Archives c55452, Hibben Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1984 Agricultural and Social Adjustments to Changing Environments. In Prehistorical Agricultural Strategies in the Southwest, edited by Suzanne K. Fish, Paul R. Fish, pp. 243–258. Anthropological Research Papers No. 33, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1990 The Chacoan Prehistory of the San Juan Basin. Academic Press, New York.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1991 Chacoan Subsistence. In Chaco and Hohokam: Prehistoric Regional Systems in the American Southwest, edited by Patricia L. Crown, W. James Judge, pp. 57–76. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn 1992 Chacoan Water Use and Managerial Decision Making. In Anasazi Regional Organization and the Chaco System, edited by David E. Doyel, pp. 45–58. Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, Anthropological Papers No. 8, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn, and Adam Watson 2015 Reevaluating and Modeling Agricultural Potential in the Chaco Core. In Chaco Revisited: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, edited by Carrie C. Heitman, Stephen Plog, pp. 66–95. Amerind Studies in Anthropology, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
  • Vivian, R. Gwinn, Carla R. Van West, Jeffrey S. Dean, Nancy J. Akins, Mollie S. Toll, and Thomas C. Windes 2006 Ecology and Economy. In The Archaeology of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico: An Eleventh Century Pueblo Regional Center, edited by Stephen H. Lekson, pp. 45–66. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Voll, Charles B. 1964 Bc-362: A Small Late 11th and Early 12th Century Farming Village in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. National Park Service, Albuquerque, NM.
  • Watson, Adam S. 2012 Craft, Subsistence and Political Change: An Archaeological Investigation of Power and Economy in Prehistoric Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, 850 to 1200 CE. PhD dissertation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
  • Whiting, Alfred E. 1966 Ethnobotany of the Hopi. Northland Press, Flagstaff, AZ.
  • Williams, A. Park, Edward R. Cook, Jason E. Smerdon, Benjamin I. Cook, John T. Abatzoglou, Kasey Bolles, Seung H. Baek, Andrew M. Badger, and Ben Livneh 2020 Large Contribution from Anthropogenic Warming to an Emerging North American Megadrought. Science 368:314–318.
  • Wills, W. H. 2009 Cultural Identity and the Archaeological Construction of Historical Narratives: An Example from Chaco Canyon. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 16(4):283–319.
  • Wills, W. H. 2017 Water Management and the Political Economy of Chaco Canyon During the Bonito Phase (ca. AD 850–1200). The Kiva 83(4):369–413.
  • Wills, W. H., F. Scott Worman, Wetherbee Dorshow, and Heather Richards-Risetto 2012 Shabik'eschee Village in Chaco Canyon: Beyond the Archetype. American Antiquity 77(2):326–350.
  • Wills, W. H., and Wetherbee B. Dorshow 2012 Agriculture and Community in Chaco Canyon: Revisiting Pueblo Alto. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 31(2):138–155.
  • Wills, W. H., David W. Love, Susan J. Smith, Karen R. Adams, Manuel R. Palacios-Fest, Wetherbee B. Dorshow, Beau Murphy, Jennie O. Sturm, Hannah Mattson, and Patricia L. Crown 2016 Water Management at Pueblo Bonito: Evidence from the National Geographic Society Trenches. American Antiquity 81(3):449–470.
  • Wills, W. H., Katharine Williams, Beau Murphy, Paulina Przystupa, and Wetherbee B. Dorshow 2021 The Pueblo Bonito Mounds: Formation History, Architectural Context and Representational Fields. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 63:101322.
  • Wills, W. H., Katharine Williams, Patricia L. Crown, and Wetherbee Dorshow 2023 The Bonito Paleochannel in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico: Recent Research and Implications for Causality and Effects. KIVA. doi:10.1080/00231940.2023.2258322
  • Wilshusen, Richard H., Melissa T. Churchill, and James M. Potter 1997 Prehistoric Reservoirs and Water Basins in the Mesa Verde Region: Intensification of Water Collection Strategies During the Great Pueblo Period. American Antiquity 62(4):664–681.
  • Windes, Thomas C. 1987 Investigations at the Pueblo Alto Complex, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico 1975–1979. Volume I. Summary of Tests and Excavations at the Pueblo Alto Community. Publications in Archeology 18F, Chaco Canyon Studies, National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM.
  • Windes, Thomas C. 1993 The Spadefoot Toad Site: Investigations at 29SJ 629, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Volume I. Reports of the Chaco Number 12, National Park Service, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
  • Windes, Thomas C. 2010 Dendrochronology and Structural Wood Use at Pueblo del Arroyo, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Journal of Field Archaeology 35(1):78–98.
  • Woodbury, Richard B. 1961 Prehistoric Agriculture at Point of Pines, Arizona. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology No.17, Salt Lake City, UT.
  • Woodhouse, Connie A., David M. Meko, Glen M. MacDonald, Dave W. Stahle, and Edward R. Cook 2010 A 1,200-Year Perspective of 21st Century Drought in Southwestern North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(50):21283–21288.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.