Exploring the role of biopolymers and surfactants on the electrical conductivity of water-based CuO, Fe₃O₄, and hybrid nanofluids

References

• Zhang, Y.; Ma, J.; Zhou, S.; Ma, F. Concentration-Dependent Toxicity Effect of SDBS on Swimming Behavior of Fresh.water Fishes. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2015, 40, 77–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.05.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isomaa, B.; Reuter, J.; Djupsund, B. M. The Subacute and Chronic Toxicity of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB), a Cationic Surfactant, in the Rat. Arch. Toxicol. 1976, 35, 91–96. DOI: 10.1007/BF00372762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosety, M.; Ordóñez, F. J.; Rosety-Rodríguez, M.; Rosety, J. M.; Rosety, I.; Carrasco, C.; Ribelles, A. Acute Toxicity of Anionic Surfactants Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) and Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) on the Fertilizing Capability of Gilthead (Sparus aurata L.) Sperm. Histol. Histopathol. 2001, 16, 839–843. DOI: 10.14670/HH-16.839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rebello, S.; Asok, A.; Mundayoor, S.; Jisha, M. Surfactants: Chemistry, Toxicity and Remediation. In Pollutant Diseases, Remediation and Recycling, Lichtfouse, E., et al., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Switzerland, 2013, pp 277–320. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02387-8_5.
   Google Scholar
• Redon, A. Bio-Based Surfactants Present and Future, Sustainable Bio-Based Surfactants. Biocitech Romainville-Grand Paris, July 4 & 5, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C.; Qingjin, F.; Lei, M.; Sanwei, H.; Rengang, D.; Jun, Y. Recent Progress in Natural Biopolymers Conductive Hydrogels for Flexible Wearable Sensors and Energy Devices: Materials, Structures, and Performance. ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2021, 4, 85–121. DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00807.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen, T.; Cho, H.; Jwo, C.; Jeng, L. Performance Analysis of Al2O3/Water Nanofluid with Cationic Chitosan Dispersant. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng.2013, 1–8. DOI: 10.1155/2013/686409.
   Google Scholar
• Tilak, A.; Patil, R. Effect of Chitosan Surfactant Concentration on the Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Al2O3 + CNT Hybrid Nanofluid. J. Phys. Conf. Ser.2002, 1455, 012004. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1455/1/012004.
   Google Scholar
• Mane, N.; Tripathi S.; Hemadri V. Effect of Biopolymers on Stability and Properties of Aqueous Hybrid Metal Oxide Nanofluids in Thermal Applications. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 2022, 643, 128777. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128777.
   Google Scholar
• Agarwal, R.; Verma, K.; Agrawal, N.; Duchaniya, R.; Singh, R. Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Conductivity and Sensitivity of CuO Nanofluids. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2016, 102, 1024–1036. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.04.051.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suresh, S.; Venkitaraja, K.; Selvakumara, P.; Chandrasekar, M. Synthesis of Al2O3–Cu/Water Hybrid Nanofluids Using Two Step Method and Its Thermophysical Properties. Colloids Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 2011, 388, 41–48. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.08.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mane, N.; Hemadri V. Experimental Investigation of Stability, Properties and Thermo-Rheological Behaviour of Water-based Hybrid CuO and Fe3O4 Nanofluids. Int. J. Thermophys 2022, 43, 1–22. DOI: 10.1007/s10765-021-02938-2.
   Google Scholar
• Sundar, L.; Singh, M.; Sousa, A. Enhanced Heat Transfer and Friction Factor of MWCNT–Fe3O4/Water Hybrid Nanofluids. Int. Commun. Heat Mass 2014, 52, 73–83. DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.01.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMullen, P.; Mohapatra, S.; Donovan, E. Advances in PEM Fuel Cell Nano-Coolant. In Fuel Cell Seminar & Energy Exposition. Curran Associates Inc.: Columbus, Ohio, USA, 2013; p 344.
   Google Scholar
• Minea, A. A. A Review on Electrical Conductivity of Nanoparticle-Enhanced Fluids. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 1592. DOI: 10.3390/nano9111592.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fal, J.; Sobczak, J.; Stagraczyński, R.; GawełŻyła, P. E. Electrical Conductivity of Titanium Dioxide Ethylene Glycol-Based Nanofluids: Impact of Nanoparticles Phase and Concentration. Powder Technol. 2022, 404, 117423. DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giwa, S. O.; Sharifpur, M.; Ahmadi, M. H.; Sohel Murshed, S. M.; Meyer, J. P. Experimental Investigation on Stability, Viscosity, and Electrical Conductivity of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid of MWCNT-Fe2O3. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 136. DOI: 10.3390/nano11010136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rilo, E.; Vila, J.; García-Garabal, S.; Varela, L.; Cabeza, O. Electrical Conductivity of Seven Binary Systems Containing 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl Imidazolium Alkyl Sulfate Ionic Liquids with Water or Ethanol at Four Temperatures. J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117, 1411–1418. DOI: 10.1021/jp309891j.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganguly, S.; Sikdar, S.; Basu, S. Experimental Investigation of the Effective Electrical Conductivity of Aluminum Oxide Nanofluids. Powder Technol. 2009, 196, 326–330. DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2009.08.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fal, J.; Zyła, G. Effect of Temperature and Mass Concentration of SiO2 Nanoparticles on the Electrical Conductivity of Ethylene Glycol. Acta Phys. Pol. A 2017, 132, 155–157. DOI: 10.12693/APHYSPOLA.132.155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zyła, G.; Fal, J. Experimental Studies on Viscosity, Thermal and Electrical Conductivity of Aluminum Nitride–Ethylene Glycol (AlN–EG) Nanofluids. Thermochim. Acta 2016, 637, 11–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2016.05.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zakaria, I.; Azmi, W.; Mohamed, W.; Mamat, R.; Najafi, G. Experimental Investigation of Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Conductivity of Al2O3 Nanofluid in Water—Ethylene Glycol Mixture for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Application. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 2015, 61, 61–68. DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.12.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, R.; Sharma, T. Stability and Rheological Properties of Nanofluids Stabilized by SiO2 Nanoparticles and SiO2-TiO2 Nanocomposites for Oilfield Applications. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 2018, 539, 171–183. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell, J. C.A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism; Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK, 1873. DOI: 10.1038/007478a0.
   Google Scholar
• Shoghl, S.; Jamali, J.; Moraveji, M.Electrical Conductivity, Viscosity, and Density of Different Nanofluids: An Experimental Study. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 2016, 74, 339–346. DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2016.01.004.
   Google Scholar
• Sarojini, K.; Manoj, S.; Singh, P.; Pradeep, T.; Das, S. Electrical Conductivity of Ceramic and Metallic Nanofluids. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 2013, 417, 39–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mane, N.; Hemadri, V. Study of the Effect of Preparation Parameters on Thermal Conductivity of Metal Oxide Nanofluids Using Taguchi Method. Journal of Energy Systems 2021, 5, 149–164. DOI: 10.30521/jes.872530.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, P.; Kavitha, R. Regression Analysis for Thermal Properties of Al2O3/H2O Nanofluid Using Machine Learning Techniques. Heliyon 2020, 6, e03966. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03966.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tahani, M.; Vakili, M.; Khosrojerdi, S. Experimental Evaluation and ANN Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets/Deionized Water Nanofluid. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 2016, 76, 358–365. DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2016.06.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, Y.; Khaled, U.; Al-Rashed, A.; Meer, R.; Goodarzi, M.; Sarafraz, M. Potential Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the Prediction and Optimization of Thermal Conductivity of Aqueous CuO (II) Nanofluid: A Statistical Approach and Experimental Validation. Phys. A 2020, 554, 124353. DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2020.124353.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarafraz, M. M.; Tlili, I.; Tian, Z.; Bakouri, M.; Safaei, M. R. Smart Optimization of a Thermosyphon Heat Pipe for an Evacuated Tube Solar Collector Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), August 2019. Phys. A 2019, 534, 122146. DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2019.122146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukherjee, S.; Panda, S.; Mishra, P.; Chaudhuri, P. Enhancing Thermophysical Characteristics and Heat Transfer Potential of TiO2/Water Nanofluid. Int. J. Thermophys. 2020, 41, 1–33. DOI: 10.1007/s10765-020-02745-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao, K. J.; Kim, C. H.; Rhee, S. K. Statistical Optimization of Medium for the Production of Recombinant Hirudin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using Response Surface Methodology. Process Biochem. 2000, 35, 639–647. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-9592(99)00129-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nalwa, H. S. Handbook of Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 2000, Vol. 2.
   Google Scholar
• José, G. P.; Peter, I.; Hector, D.; Eduardo, S.; Ximena, Z. Effect of Triton X-100 Surfactant on the Interfacial Activity of Ionic Surfactants SDS, CTAB and SDBS at the Air/Water Interface: A Study Using Molecular Dynamic Simulations. Colloids Surf. A 2020, 603, 125284. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125284.
   Google Scholar
• Yaumi, A. L.; Murtala, A. M.; Muhd, H. D.; Saleh, F. M. Determination of Physiochemical Properties of Gum Arabic as a Suitable Binder in Emulsion House Paint. Int. J. Environ. 2016, 5, 67–78. DOI: 10.3126/ije.v5i1.14565.
   Google Scholar
• Bratovcic, A.; Nazdrajic, S.; Odobasic, A.; Sestan, I. The Influence of Type of Surfactant on Physicochemical Properties of Liquid Soap. Int. J. Mater. Chem. 2018, 8, 31–37. DOI: 10.5923/j.ijmc.20180802.02.
   Google Scholar
• Abdo, h. S.; Elzatahry A.; Alharbi H. F.; Khalil K. A. Electrical Conductivity Behavior of Biopolymer Composites. In: Biopolymer Composites in Electronics, Sadasivuni, K. K., Ponnamma, D., Kim, J., Cabibihan, J.-J., AlMaadeed M. A., Eds.; Elsevier, 2017; pp 13–25. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-809261-3.00002-4.
   Google Scholar
• Firzlaff, D.; Kettwig, H.; Krönert, V.; Otto, P.; Harre, K.; Naumann, G. Biopolymers for Sensor and Electrical Applications. 41st International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE), Zlatibor, Serbia, 2018; pp 1–6. DOI: 10.1109/ISSE.2018.8443610.
   Google Scholar
• Zhuze, V.; Kurchatov, V. The Electrical Conductivity of Copper Oxide. Phys. Z. Sowjetunion 1932, 2, 453–467.
   Google Scholar