222
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
RESEARCH PAPER / ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN

The different effects of income and educational level on prosocial behaviour and related ideological variables (Los diversos efectos del nivel de ingresos ynivel educativo en la conducta prosocial yotras variables ideológicas relacionadas)

Pages 508-540 | Received 13 Jan 2023, Accepted 18 May 2023, Published online: 26 Jul 2023

References / Referencias

  • Alonso-Ferres, M., Navarro-Carrillo, G., Garrido-Macías, M., Moreno-Bella, E., & Valor-Segura, I. (2020). Connecting perceived economic threat and prosocial tendencies: The explanatory role of empathic concern. PLoS One, 15(5), e0232608. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232608
  • Amato, P. R. (1990). Personality and social network involvement as predictors of helping behavior in everyday life. Social Psychology Quarterly, 53(1), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.2307/2786867
  • Andreoni, J., Nikiforakis, N., & Stoop, J. (2021). Higher socioeconomic status does not predict decreased prosocial behavior in a field experiment. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24519-5
  • Attewell, D. (2022). Redistribution attitudes and vote choice across the educational divide. European Journal of Political Research, 61(4), 1080–1101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12486
  • Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B. M., & Walker, S. C. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1–48.
  • Bègue, L., & Bastounis, M. (2003). Two spheres of belief in justice: Extensive support for the bidimensional model of belief in a just world. Journal of Personality, 71(3), 435–463. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.7103007
  • Cameron, C. D., & Payne, B. K. (2012). The cost of callousness: Regulating compassion influences the moral self-concept. Psychological Science, 23(3), 225–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611430334
  • Carvacho, H., Zick, A., Haye, A., González, R., Manzi, J., Kocik, C., & Bert, M. (2013). On the relation between social class and prejudice: The roles of education, income, and ideological attitudes. European Journal of Social Psychology, 43(4), 272–285. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1961
  • Chen, Y. (2023). Pro-sociality and happiness across national cultures: A hierarchical linear model. Current Psychology, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04608-y
  • Chen, Y., Zhu, L., & Chen, Z. (2013). Family income affects children’s altruistic behavior in the dictator game. PloS One, 8(11), e80419. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080419
  • Côté, S., House, J., & Willer, R. (2015). High economic inequality leads higher-income individuals to be less generous. PNAS, 112(52), 15838–15843.
  • De Dreu, C. K., Balliet, D., & Halevy, N. (2014). Parochial cooperation in humans: Forms and functions of self-sacrifice in intergroup conflict. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Advances in motivation science. (Vol. 1, pp. 1–47). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adms.2014.08.001
  • Diemer, M. A., Mistry, R. S., Wadsworth, M. E., López, I., & Reimers, F. (2013). Best practices in conceptualizing and measuring social class in psychological research. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 13(1), 77–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12001
  • Easterbrook, M. J., Kuppens, T., & Manstead, A. S. (2016). The education effect: Higher educational qualifications are robustly associated with beneficial personal and socio-political outcomes. Social Indicators Research, 126(3), 1261–1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-0946-1
  • Enders, C. K., & Tofighi, D. (2007). Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue. Psychological Methods, 12(2), 121–138.
  • ESS Round 9: European Social Survey Round 9 Data. (2018). Data file edition 3.1. Sikt - Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research, Norway – Data Archive and distributor of ESS data for ESS ERIC. http://doi.org/10.21338/NSD-ESS9-2018
  • EVS. (2011). EVS - European Values Study 1999 - Integrated Dataset. GESIS Data Archive, Cologne. ZA3811 Data file Version 3.0.0. https://doi.org/10.4232/1.10789
  • EVS/WVS. (2022). European values study and world values survey: Joint EVS/WVS 2017-2022 dataset (Joint EVS/WVS). JD Systems Institute & WVSA. Dataset Version 4 0.0. https://doi.org/10.14281/18241.21
  • Frank, R. H. (1999). Luxury fever: Why money fails to satisfy in an era of excess. Free Press, Princeton University.
  • Gelepithis, M., & Giani, M. (2022). Inclusion without solidarity: Education, economic security, and attitudes toward redistribution. Political Studies, 70(1), 45–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321720933082
  • Gelman, A., & Hill, J. (2007). Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models. Cambridge University Press.
  • Guo, Y., Chen, X., Ma, J., Li, Y., & Hommey, C. (2022). How belief in a just world leads to prosocial behaviours: The role of communal orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 195, 111642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111642
  • Harper, D. J., Wagstaff, G. F., Newton, J. T., & Harrison, K. R. (1990). Lay causal perceptions of third world poverty and the just world theory’. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal, 18(2), 235–238.
  • Inglehart, R., Haerpfer, C., Moreno, A., Welzel, C., Kizilova, K., Diez-Medrano, J., Lagos, M., Norris, P., Ponarin, E., & Puranen, B. (Eds.). (2018). World values survey: Round three - Country-Pooled datafile. JD Systems Institute & WVSA Secretariat. https://doi.org/10.14281/18241.5
  • Korndörfer, M., Egloff, B., & Schmukle, S. C. (2015). A large scale test of the effect of social class on prosocial behavior. PloS One, 10(7), e0133193. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133193
  • Kraus, M. W., & Callaghan, B. (2016). Social class and prosocial behavior: The moderating role of public versus private contexts. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 7(8), 769–777. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550616659120
  • List, J. A. (2011). The market for charitable giving. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25(2), 157–180. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.2.157
  • Manstead, A. S. R., Easterbrook, M. J., & Kuppens, T. (2020). The socioecology of social class. Current Opinion in Psychology, 32, 95–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.037
  • Marquis, L. (2020). Lay explanations for poverty: A multilevel analysis of European public opinion (1976–2014). In R. Careja, P. Emmenegger, & N. Giger (Eds.), The European social model under pressure (pp. 253–275). Springer VS.
  • Midlarsky, E., Kahana, E., & Belser, A. (2015). Prosocial behavior in late life. In D. A. Schroeder & W. G. Graziano (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of prosocial behavior (pp. 415–432). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399813.013.030
  • Miller, J. G., Kahle, S., & Hastings, P. D. (2015). Roots and Benefits of Costly Giving: Children Who Are More Altruistic Have Greater Autonomic Flexibility and Less Family Wealth. Psychological Science, 26(7), 1038–1045. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615578476
  • Navarro-Carrillo, G., Alonso-Ferres, M., & Moya, M. (2023). Social class, well-being and prosocial behavior [Manuscript in preparation].
  • Piff, P. K., Kraus, M. W., Côté, S., Cheng, B. H., & Keltner, D. (2010). Having less, giving more: The influence of social class on prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(5), 771–784. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0020092
  • R Core Team. (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/
  • van Buuren, S., & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K. (2011). mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. Journal of Statistical Software, 45(3), 1–67. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v045.i03
  • Von Hermanni, H., & Tutić, A. (2019). Does economic inequality moderate the effect of class on prosocial behavior? A large-scale test of a recent hypothesis by Côté et al. PloS One, 14(8), e0220723.
  • Weiner, B., Osborne, D., & Rudolph, U. (2011). An attributional analysis of reactions to poverty: The political ideology of the giver and the perceived morality of the receiver. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 15(2), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868310387615
  • Whillans, A. V., Caruso, E. M., & Dunn, E. W. (2017). Both selfishness and selflessness start with the self: How wealth shapes responses to charitable appeals. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 70, 242–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2016.11.009

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.