Publication Cover
Anthrozoös
A multidisciplinary journal of the interactions between people and other animals
Volume 37, 2024 - Issue 1
339
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The Link Between Attitudes Toward Animals and Empathy With Humans in China: Mediation of Empathy With Animals

, &

References

  • Angantyr, M., Eklund, J., & Hansen, E. M. (2011). A comparison of empathy for humans and empathy for animals. Anthrozoös, 24(4), 369–377. https://doi.org/10.2752/175303711X13159027359764
  • Ascione, F. R. (1993). Children who are cruel to animals: A review of research and implications for developmental psychopathology. Anthrozoös, 6(4), 226–247. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279393787002105
  • Ascione, F. R. (1997). Humane education research: Evaluating efforts to encourage children’s kindness and caring toward animals. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 123, 59–77.
  • Atkins, D., Uskul, A. K., & Cooper, N. R. (2016). Culture shapes empathic responses to physical and social pain. Emotion, 16(5), 587–601. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000162
  • Aust, F., Diedenhofen, B., Ullrich, S., & Musch, J. (2013). Seriousness checks are useful to improve data validity in online research. Behavior Research Methods, 45(2), 527–535. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-012-0265-2
  • Baez, S., Flichtentrei, D., Prats, M., Mastandueno, R., García, A. M., Cetkovich, M., & Ibáñez, A. (2017). Men, women … who cares? A population-based study on sex differences and gender roles in empathy and moral cognition. PLoS ONE, 12(6), e0179336. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179336
  • Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bexell, S. M., Lantzy, M., Senecal, J. E., Buckman, A., MacInnis, E. M., & Lee, J. H. (2020). State of humane education in the United States: 2018–2019. International Journal of Humane Education, 1(1), 120–160.
  • Carnovale, F., Jin, X., Shi, B., Arney, D., Descovich, K., & Phillips, C. J. (2022). Gender and age effects on public attitudes to, and knowledge of, animal welfare in China. Animals, 12(11), 1367. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111367
  • Carré, A., Stefaniak, N., D’ambrosio, F., Bensalah, L., & Besche-Richard, C. (2013). The basic empathy scale in adults (BES-A): Factor structure of a revised form. Psychological Assessment, 25(3), 679–691. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032297
  • Chung, W., Chan, S., & Cassels, T. G. (2010). The role of culture in affective empathy: Cultural and bicultural differences. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 10(3–4), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853710X531203
  • Colombo, E. S., Crippa, F., Calderari, T., & Prato-Previde, E. (2017). Empathy toward animals and people: The role of gender and length of service in a sample of Italian veterinarians. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 17, 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2016.10.010
  • Daly, B., & Morton, L. L. (2003). Children with pets do not show higher empathy: A challenge to current views. Anthrozoös, 16(4), 298–314. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279303786992026
  • Daly, B., & Morton, L. L. (2006). An investigation of human–animal interactions and empathy as related to pet preference, ownership, attachment, and attitudes in children. Anthrozoös, 19(2), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279306785593801
  • Daly, B., & Morton, L. L. (2009). Empathic differences in adults as a function of childhood and adult pet ownership and pet type. Anthrozoös, 22(4), 371–382. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279309X12538695316383
  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113
  • De Vignemont, F., & Singer, T. (2006). The empathic brain: How, when and why? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(10), 435–441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.08.008
  • Ellingsen, K., Zanella, A. J., Bjerkås, E., & Indrebø, A. (2010). The relationship between empathy, perception of pain and attitudes toward pets among Norwegian dog owners. Anthrozoös, 23(3), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.2752/175303710X12750451258931
  • Fung, S. C., & Zhou, S. (2020). An investigation of pre-service teachers’ attitudes toward animals and empathy toward humans: Implications for humane education development. Anthrozoös, 33(3), 415–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2020.1746531
  • Furnham, A., McManus, C., & Scott, D. (2003). Personality, empathy and attitudes to animal welfare. Anthrozoös, 16(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279303786992260
  • Gu, X., Bexell, S. M., & Wang, B. (2022). Attitudes toward non-human animals during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China. Anthrozoös, 35(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2021.1974701
  • Hall, J. A., & Schwartz, R. (2019). Empathy present and future. The Journal of Social Psychology, 159(3), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2018.1477442
  • Henry, B. C. (2006). Empathy, home environment, and attitudes toward animals in relation to animal abuse. Anthrozoös, 19(1), 17–34. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279306785593847
  • Herzog, H. A., Betchart, N. S., & Pittman, R. B. (1991). Gender, sex role orientation, and attitudes toward animals. Anthrozoös, 4(3), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279391787057170
  • Hoffman, M. L. (2007). Empathy, its arousal, and pro-social functioning. In M. L. Hoffman (Ed.), Empathy and moral development: Implications for caring and justice (pp. 29–62). Cambridge University Press.
  • Jalongo, M. R. (2014). Humane education and the development of empathy in early childhood: Definitions, rationale, and outcomes. In M. R. Jalongo (Ed.), Teaching compassion: Humane education in early childhood (pp. 3–21). Springer.
  • Jiang, B., Tang, W., Cui, L., & Wei, Y. (2023). Factors influencing Chinese public attitudes toward farm animal welfare. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1049530. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1049530
  • Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Empathy and offending: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(5), 441–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2003.03.001
  • Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Journal of Adolescence, 29(4), 589–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010
  • Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2007). Examining the relationship between low empathy and self-reported offending. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 12(2), 265–286. https://doi.org/10.1348/135532506X147413
  • Knight, S., Vrij, A., Bard, K., & Brandon, D. (2009). Science versus human welfare? Understanding attitudes toward animal use. Journal of Social Issues, 65(3), 463–483. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2009.01609.x
  • Knight, S., Vrij, A., Cherryman, J., & Nunkoosing, K. (2004). Attitudes towards animal use and belief in animal mind. Anthrozoös, 17(1), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279304786991945
  • Morris, P., Knight, S., & Lesley, S. (2012). Belief in animal mind: Does familiarity with animals influence beliefs about animal emotions? Society & Animals, 20(3), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341234
  • Neumann, D. L., Chan, R. C., Boyle, G. J., Wang, Y., & Westbury, H. R. (2015). Measures of empathy: Self-report, behavioral, and neuroscientific approaches. In G. J. Boyle, D. H. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 257–289). Elsevier.
  • Ngai, J. T., Yu, R. W., Chau, K. K., & Wong, P. W. (2021). Effectiveness of a school-based programme of animal-assisted humane education in Hong Kong for the promotion of social and emotional learning: A quasi-experimental pilot study. PLoS ONE, 16(3), e0249033.
  • Paul, E. S. (2000). Empathy with animals and with humans: Are they linked? Anthrozoös, 13(4), 194–202. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279300786999699
  • Pinker, S. (2011). Taming the devil within us. Nature, 478(7369), 309–311. https://doi.org/10.1038/478309a
  • Richter, D., & Kunzmann, U. (2011). Age differences in three facets of empathy: Performance-based evidence. Psychology and Aging, 26(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021138
  • Rueckert, L., Branch, B., & Doan, T. (2011). Are gender differences in empathy due to differences in emotional reactivity? Psychology, 2(6), 574–578. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2011.26088
  • Samuels, W. E., Meers, L. L., & Normando, S. (2016). Improving upper elementary students’ humane attitudes and pro-social behaviors through an in-class humane education program. Anthrozoös, 29(4), 597–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2016.1228751
  • Signal, T. D., & Taylor, N. (2007). Attitude to animals and empathy: Comparing animal protection and general community samples. Anthrozoös, 20(2), 125–130. https://doi.org/10.2752/175303707X207918
  • Stavrinides, P., Georgiou, S., & Theofanous, V. (2010). Bullying and empathy: A short-term longitudinal investigation. Educational Psychology, 30(7), 793–802. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2010.506004
  • Su, B., & Martens, P. (2017). Public attitudes toward animals and the influential factors in contemporary China. Animal Welfare, 26(2), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.7120/09627286.26.2.239
  • Taylor, N., & Signal, T. D. (2005). Empathy and attitudes to animals. Anthrozoös, 18(1), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.2752/089279305785594342
  • Telle, N. T., & Pfister, H. R. (2016). Positive empathy and pro-social behavior: A neglected link. Emotion Review, 8(2), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073915586817
  • Templer, D. I., Connelly, H. J., Bassman, L., & Hart, J. (2006). Construction and validation of an Animal–Human Continuity Scale. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 34(7), 769–776. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.7.769
  • Thompson, K. L., & Gullone, E. (2003). Promotion of empathy and pro-social behaviour in children through humane education. Australian Psychologist, 38(3), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050060310001707187
  • Trivedi-Bateman, N., & Crook, E. L. (2022). The optimal application of empathy interventions to reduce antisocial behaviour and crime: A review of the literature. Psychology, Crime & Law, 28(8), 796–819. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2021.1962870
  • Van Langen, M. A., Wissink, I. B., Van Vugt, E. S., Van der Stouwe, T., & Stams, G. J. J. M. (2014). The relation between empathy and offending: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(2), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2014.02.003
  • Westbury, H. R., & Neumann, D. L. (2008). Empathy-related responses to moving film stimuli depicting human and non-human animal targets in negative circumstances. Biological Psychology, 78(1), 66–74. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.12.009

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.