50
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Investigating the effect of compatibilizers on environmental stress cracking resistance in polypropylene/low density polyethylene blends

, , &
Pages 305-312 | Received 08 Feb 2024, Accepted 11 Mar 2024, Published online: 01 Apr 2024

References

  • Graziano, A.; Jaffer, S.; Sain, M. Graphene Oxide Modification for Enhancing High-Density Polyethylene Properties: A Comparison between Solvent Reaction and Melt Mixing. J. Polym. Eng. 2019, 39, 85–93. DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2018-0106.
  • Dias, O. A. T.; Konar, S.; Graziano, A.; Leão, A. L.; Tjong, J.; Jaffer, S.; Sain, M. One-Pot Fabrication of Flexible and Luminescent Nanofilm by in-Situ Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Carbazole on Nanofibrillated Cellulose. Carbohydr. Polym. 2021, 262, 117934. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117934.
  • Penava, N. V.; Rek, V.; Houra, I. F. Effect of EPDM as a Compatibilizer on Mechanical Properties and Morphology of PP/LDPE Blends. J. Elastomers Plast. 2013, 45, 391–403. DOI: 10.1177/0095244312457162.
  • Mofokeng, T. G.; Ojijo, V.; Ray, S. S. The Influence of Blend Ratio on the Morphology, Mechanical, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of PP/LDPE Blends. Macro. Mater. Eng. 2016, 301, 1191–1201. DOI: 10.1002/mame.201600166.
  • Mofokeng, T. G.; Ray, S. S.; Ojijo, V. Structure–Property Relationship in PP/LDPE Blend Composites: The Role of Nanoclay Localization. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 1–12. DOI: 10.1002/app.46193.
  • Rosales, C.; Aranburu, N.; Otaegi, I.; Pettarin, V.; Bernal, C.; Müller, A. J.; Guerrica-Echevarría, G. Improving the Mechanical Performance of LDPE/PP Blends through Microfibrillation. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2022, 4, 3369–3379., DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c01932.
  • Vervoort, S.; den Doelder, J.; Tocha, E.; Genoyer, J.; Walton, K. L.; Hu, Y.; Munro, J.; Jeltsch, K. Compatibilization of Polypropylene–Polyethylene Blends. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2018, 58, 460–465., DOI: 10.1002/pen.24661.
  • Jia, S.; Zhu, Y.; Wang, Z.; Chen, L.; Fu, L. Influences of PP-g-MA on the Surface Free Energy, Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Polypropylene Blends. J. Polym. Res. 2015, 22, 159. DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0800-9.
  • Lin, J.-H.; Pan, Y.-J.; Liu, C.-F.; Huang, C.-L.; Hsieh, C.-T.; Chen, C.-K.; Lin, Z.-I.; Lou, C.-W. Preparation and Compatibility Evaluation of Polypropylene/High Density Polyethylene Polyblends. Materials (Basel) 2015, 8, 8850–8859., DOI: 10.3390/ma8125496.
  • Ahmad Ramazani, S. A.; Abdi Valami, M.; Khak, M. Effect of Poly (Propylene-g-Maleic Anhydride) on the Morphological, Rheological, and Mechanical Properties of PP/HDPE Blend. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 2009, 22, 519–530. DOI: 10.1177/0892705709100662.
  • Graziano, A.; Titton Dias, O. A.; Sena Maia, B.; Li, J. Enhancing the Mechanical, Morphological, and Rheological Behavior of Polyethylene/Polypropylene Blends with Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Polyethylene. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2021, 61, 2487–2495. DOI: 10.1002/pen.25775.
  • Sardashti, P.; Tzoganakis, C.; Ma Polak, M. A.; Penlidis, A. Improvement of Hardening Stiffness Test as an Indicator of Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance of Polyethylene. J. Macromol. Sci. Part A 2012, 49, 689–698. DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2012.703472.
  • Sardashti, P.; Scott, A. J.; Tzoganakis, C.; Polak, M. A.; Penlidis, A. Effect of Temperature on Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance and Crystal Structure of Polyethylene. J. Macromol. Sci. Part A 2014, 51, 189–202. DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.871934.
  • Yeh, J. T.; Chen, J.-H.; Hong, H.-S. Environmental Stress Cracking Behavior of Short-Chain Branch Polyethylenes in Igepal Solution under a Constant Load. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1994, 54, 2171–2186. DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070541320.
  • Lagaron, J. M.; Dixon, N. M.; Reed, W.; Pastor, J. M.; Kip, B. J. Morphological Characterisation of the Crystalline Structure of Cold-Drawn HDPE Used as a Model Material for the Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) Phenomenon. Polymer (Guildf) 1999, 40, 2569–2586. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00500-X.
  • Lagarón, J. M.; Pastor, J. M.; Kip, B. J. Role of an Active Environment of Use in an Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) Test in Stretched Polyethylene. Polymer (Guildf) 1999, 40, 1629–1636. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00406-6.
  • Soares, J. B. P.; Abbott, R. F.; Kim, J. D. Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance of Polyethylene: The Use of CRYSTAF and SEC to Establish Structure-Property Relationships. J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 2000, 38, 1267–1275. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(20000515)38:10<1267::AID-POLB10>3.0.CO;2-5.
  • Harper, C. In:Baker A, Mead J. Modern Plastics Handbook. McGraw-Hill: New York, 1999.
  • Morris, B. A. In the Science and Technology of Flexible Packaging. Elsevier: Amsterdam, 2017.
  • Raman, A.; Farris, R. J.; Lesser, A. J. Effect of Stress State and Polymer Morphology on Environmental Stress Cracking in Polycarbonate. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 88, 550–564. DOI: 10.1002/app.11791.
  • Scheirs, J. Compositional and Failure Analysis of Polymers: A Practical Approach. John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 2000.
  • Lustiger, A. Understanding Environmental Stress Cracking in Polyethylene. Med PlastBiomater: USA, 1996.
  • Sardashti, P.; Stewart, K. M.; Polak, M.; Tzoganakis, C.; Penlidis, A. Operational maps between molecular properties and environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136. DOI: 10.1002/app.47006.
  • Mofokeng, T. G.; Ray, S. S.; Ojijo, V. Influence of Selectively Localised Nanoclay Particles on Non-Isothermal Crystallisation and Degradation Behaviour of PP/LDPE Blend Composites. Polymers. (Basel) 2018, 10, 245. DOI: 10.3390/polym10030245.
  • Na, B.; Wang, K.; Zhang, Q.; Du, R.; Fu, Q. Tensile Properties in the Oriented Blends of High-Density Polyethylene and Isotactic Polypropylene Obtained by Dynamic Packing Injection Molding. Polymer (Guildf) 2005, 46, 3190–3198. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.01.094.
  • Borhani Zarandi, M.; Amrollahi Bioki, H.; Mirbagheri, Z-a.; Tabbakh, F.; Mirjalili, G. Effect of Crystallinity and Irradiation on Thermal Properties and Specific Heat Capacity of LDPE & LDPE/EVA. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2012, 70, 1–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.09.001.
  • Khait, K. Advanced Recycling Technology for Unsorted Plastic Waste. Vinyl Addit. Technol. 1996, 2, 345–348. DOI: 10.1002/vnl.10152.
  • Chanda, M.; Roy, S. K. Plastics Technology Handbook. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 2006.
  • Chen, B. Compatibilization Effects of Block Copolymers in High Density Polyethylene/Syndiotactic Polystyrene Blends. Polymer (Guildf) 2002, 43, 953–961. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00660-7.
  • Rajasekaran, J. J.; Curro, J. G.; Honeycutt, J. D. Theory for the Phase Behavior of Polyolefin Blends: Application to the Polyethylene/Isotactic Polypropylene Blend. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 6843–6853. DOI: 10.1021/ma00124a020.
  • Choi, P.; Blom, H. P.; Kavassalis, T. A.; Rudin, A. Immiscibility of Poly(Ethylene) and Poly(Propylene): a Molecular Dynamics Study. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 8247–8250. DOI: 10.1021/ma00128a039.
  • Jose, S.; Aprem, A. S.; Francis, B.; Chandy, M. C.; Werner, P.; Alstaedt, V.; Thomas, S. Phase Morphology, Crystallisation Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene/High Density Polyethylene Blends. Eur. Polym. J. 2004, 40, 2105–2115., DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.02.026.
  • Rose, L. J.; Channell, A. D.; Frye, C. J.; Capaccio, G. Slow Crack Growth in Polyethylene: A Novel Predictive Model Based on the Creep of Craze Fibrils. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1994, 54, 2119–2124. DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070541314.
  • Borisova, B.; Kressler, J. Environmental Stress-Cracking Resistance of LDPE/EVA Blends. Macro. Mater. Eng. 2003, 288, 509–515. DOI: 10.1002/mame.200390048.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.