2,622
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The positive association between the atherogenic index of plasma and the risk of new-onset hypertension: a nationwide cohort study in China

, , &
Article: 2303999 | Received 24 Aug 2023, Accepted 03 Jan 2024, Published online: 24 Jan 2024

References

  • Collaboration NCDRF, Carrillo-Larco RM, Danaei G, Riley LM, Paciorek CJ, Stevens GA, Gregg EW, Bennett JE, Solomon B, Singleton RK, et al. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet. 2021;398(10304):957–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1.
  • Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2022 update: a report from the American heart association. Circulat. 2022;145(8):e153–639. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001052.
  • Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Hao G, Zhang Z, Shao L, Tian Y, Dong Y, Zheng C, et al. Status of hypertension in China: results from the China hypertension survey, 2012-2015. Circulat. 2018;137(22):2344–56. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380.
  • Qin Z, Zhou K, Li Y, Cheng W, Wang Z, Wang J, Gao F, Yang L, Xu Y, Wu Y, et al. The atherogenic index of plasma plays an important role in predicting the prognosis of type 2 diabetic subjects undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from an observational cohort study in China. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19(1):23. doi:10.1186/s12933-020-0989-8.
  • Dobiasova M, Frohlich J. The new atherogenic plasma index reflects the triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol ratio, the lipoprotein particle size and the cholesterol esterification rate: changes during lipanor therapy. Vnitr Lek. 2000;46(3):152–56.
  • Fernandez-Macias JC, Ochoa-Martinez AC, Varela-Silva JA, Perez-Maldonado IN. Atherogenic index of plasma: novel predictive biomarker for cardiovascular illnesses. Arch Med Res. 2019;50:285–94. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.08.009.
  • Won KB, Jang MH, Park EJ, Park HB, Heo R, Han D, Chang HJ. Atherogenic index of plasma and the risk of advanced subclinical coronary artery disease beyond traditional risk factors: an observational cohort study. Clin Cardiol. 2020;43:1398–404. doi:10.1002/clc.23450.
  • Yuan Y, Hu JW, Wang Y, Wang KK, Zheng WL, Chu C, Ma Q, Yan Y, Liao YY, Mu JJ. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and subclinical renal damage over a 12-year follow-up: Hanzhong adolescent hypertension study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74(2):278–84. doi:10.1038/s41430-019-0530-x.
  • Fu L, Zhou Y, Sun J, Zhu Z, Xing Z, Zhou S, Wang Y, Tai S. Atherogenic index of plasma is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20(1):201. doi:10.1186/s12933-021-01393-5.
  • Ma X, Sun Y, Cheng Y, Shen H, Gao F, Qi J, Yang L, Wang Z, Shi D, Liu Y, et al. Prognostic impact of the atherogenic index of plasma in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19(1):240. doi:10.1186/s12944-020-01418-0.
  • Onat A, Can G, Kaya H, Hergenc G. “Atherogenic index of plasma” (log10 triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein−cholesterol) predicts high blood pressure, diabetes, and vascular events. J Clin Lipidol. 2010;4(2):89–98. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2010.02.005.
  • Tan M, Zhang Y, Jin L, Wang Y, Cui W, Nasifu L, He B. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and prehypertension or hypertension among normoglycemia subjects in a Japan population: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 2023;22(1):87. doi:10.1186/s12944-023-01853-9.
  • Li YW, Kao TW, Chang PK, Chen WL, Wu LW. Atherogenic index of plasma as predictors for metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Taiwan citizens: a 9-year longitudinal study. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):9900. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89307-z.
  • Popkin BM, Du S, Zhai F, Zhang B. Cohort profile: the China health and Nutrition Survey--monitoring and understanding socio-economic and health change in China, 1989-2011. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(6):1435–40. doi:10.1093/ije/dyp322.
  • Yuan Y, Sun W, Kong X. Comparison between distinct insulin resistance indices in measuring the development of hypertension: the China health and nutrition survey. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:912197. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.912197.
  • Yuan Y, Sun W, Kong X. Relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and the development of hypertension: a nationwide population-based study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2022;14(1):150. doi:10.1186/s13098-022-00917-7.
  • Gao H, Wang K, Zhao W, Zhuang J, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Liu Q, Ahmadizar F. Cardiorenal risk profiles among data-driven type 2 diabetes sub-phenotypes: a post-hoc analysis of the China health and nutrition survey. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:828403. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.828403.
  • Ma YC, Zuo L, Chen JH, Luo Q, Yu XQ, Li Y, Xu JS, Huang SM, Wang LN, Huang W, et al. Modified glomerular filtration rate estimating equation for Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:2937–44.
  • Yano Y, Fujimoto S, Asahi K, Watanabe T. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China. Lancet. 2012;380:213–14. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61209-4.
  • Zhou BF. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults--study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2002;15(1):83–96.
  • Chen C, Lu FC. Department of disease control ministry of health PRC: the guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2004;17(18):1–36.
  • Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560–72. doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560.
  • Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P. Chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2017;389(10075):1238–1252. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5.
  • Diaz A, Tringler M, Wray S, Ramirez AJ, Cabrera Fischer EI. The effects of age on pulse wave velocity in untreated hypertension. J Of Clin Hypertens. 2018;20(2):258–65. doi:10.1111/jch.13167.
  • Gao Q, Lin Y, Xu R, Luo F, Chen R, Li P, Zhang Y, Liu J, Deng Z, Li Y, et al. Positive association of triglyceride-glucose index with new-onset hypertension among adults: a national cohort study in China. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023;22(1):58. doi:10.1186/s12933-023-01795-7.
  • Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE Jr., Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, DePalma SM, Gidding S, Jamerson KA, Jones DW, et al. ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. Hypertens. 2017;2018(71):1269–324. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000066.
  • Thomas SJ, Booth JN 3rd, Dai C, Li X, Allen N, Calhoun D, Carson AP, Gidding S, Lewis CE, Shikany JM, et al. Cumulative incidence of hypertension by 55 years of age in blacks and whites: the CARDIA study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(14):7. doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.007988.
  • Gao J, Sun H, Liang X, Gao M, Zhao H, Qi Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zhu Y, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors prevent the development of hypertension in prehypertensive subjects. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2015;37:650–55.
  • Kim SH, Cho YK, Kim YJ, Jung CH, Lee WJ, Park JY, Huh JH, Kang JG, Lee SJ, Ihm SH. Association of the atherogenic index of plasma with cardiovascular risk beyond the traditional risk factors: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21(1):81. doi:10.1186/s12933-022-01522-8.
  • Lioy B, Webb RJ, Amirabdollahian F. The association between the atherogenic index of plasma and cardiometabolic risk factors: a review. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(7):11. doi:10.3390/healthcare11070966.
  • Alexander RW. Theodore Cooper Memorial Lecture. Hypertension and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress and the mediation of arterial inflammatory response: a new perspective. Hypertens. 1995;25(2):155–61. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.25.2.155.
  • Hosseini SA, Aghamohammadi V, Ashtary-Larky D, Alipour M, Ghanavati M, Lamuchi-Deli N. Are young Iranian women with metabolically healthy obesity at increased risk of CVD incidence? J vasc bras. 2020;19:e20190106. doi:10.1590/1677-5449.190106.
  • Choudhary MK, Eraranta A, Koskela J, Tikkakoski AJ, Nevalainen PI, Kahonen M, Mustonen J, Porsti I. Atherogenic index of plasma is related to arterial stiffness but not to blood pressure in normotensive and never-treated hypertensive subjects. Blood Press. 2019;28:157–67. doi:10.1080/08037051.2019.1583060.
  • McGill JB, Haffner S, Rees TJ, Sowers JR, Tershakovec AM, Weber M. Progress and controversies: treating obesity and insulin resistance in the context of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens. 2009;11(1):36–41. doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.00065.x.
  • Seravalle G, Grassi G. Obesity and hypertension. Pharmacol Res. 2017;122:1–7. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.013.
  • Hall JE, Do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Wang Z, Hall ME. Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2019;15(6):367–85. doi:10.1038/s41581-019-0145-4.
  • Morales-Villegas E. Dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes metaflammation. A unique mechanism for 3 risk factors. Curr Hypertens Rev. 2014;9(4):278–96. doi:10.2174/1573402110666140702091315.
  • Sironi AM, Gastaldelli A, Mari A, Ciociaro D, Postano V, Buzzigoli E, Ghione S, Turchi S, Lombardi M, Ferrannini E. Visceral fat in hypertension: influence on insulin resistance and beta-cell function. Hypertens. 2004;44(2):127–33. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000137982.10191.0a.
  • Oparil S, Zaman MA, Calhoun DA. Pathogenesis of hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(9):761–776. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-139-9-200311040-00011.
  • DeMarco VG, Aroor AR, Sowers JR. The pathophysiology of hypertension in patients with obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(6):364–76. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.44.
  • Buhler FR, Tkachuk VA, Hahn AWA, Resink TJ. Low- and high-density lipoproteins as hormonal regulators of platelet, vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell interactions: relevance to hypertension. J Hypertens Suppl. 1991;9:S28–36. doi:10.1097/00004872-199112006-00005.
  • Galle J, Ochslen M, Schollmeyer P, Wanner C. Oxidized lipoproteins inhibit endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Effects of pressure and high-density lipoprotein. Hypertens. 1994;23(5):556–64. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.23.5.556.
  • Hayakawa H, Raij L. Relationship between hypercholesterolaemia, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. J Hypertens. 1999;17(5):611–19. doi:10.1097/00004872-199917050-00004.
  • Jonas K, Magon W, Podolec P, Kopec G. Triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and systemic inflammation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:746–753. doi:10.12659/MSM.912766.
  • Angeli F, Reboldi G, Gentile G, Verdecchia P. The emerging role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypertension trials. J Hypertens. 2009;27:458–60. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283232a59.