Leader–member exchange (LMX) and work performance: an application of self-determination theory in the work context

References

• Amabile, T. M. (1985). Motivation and creativity: Effects of motivational orientation on creative writers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(2), 393–399. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.48.2.393
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashkanasy, N. M., & O’connor, C. (2010). Value congruence in leader-member exchange. Journal of Social Psychology, 137(5), 647–662. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224549709595486
   Google Scholar
• Baard, P. P., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Performance and well-being in two work settings. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(10), 2045–2068. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02690.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbuto, J. E., Jr., & Bugenhagen, M. J. (2009). The emotional intelligence of leaders as antecedent to leader-member exchanges: A field study. Journal of Leadership Education, 8(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.12806/V8/I2/RF2
   Google Scholar
• Bauer, T. N., & Green, S. G. (1996). Development of leader-member exchange: A longitudinal test. Academy of Management Journal, 39(6), 1538–1567. https://doi.org/10.5465/257068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, R. J., & Robinson, S. L. (2000). Development of a measure of workplace deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(3), 349–360. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.3.349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernerth, J., Armenakis, A., Feild, H., Giles, W., & Walker, H. (2007). Leader–Member Social Exchange (LMSX): Development and validation of a scale. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(8), 979–1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.443
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. John Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Bolino, M. C. (1999). Citizenship and impression management: Good soldiers or good actors? The Academy of Management Review, 24(1), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.2307/259038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolino, M. C., Turnley, W. H., Gilstrap, J. B., & Suazo, M. M. (2010). Citizenship under pressure: What’s a “good soldier” to do? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(6), 835–855. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.635
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bureau, J. S., Gagné, M., Morin, A. J. S., & Mageau, G. A. (2021). Transformational leadership and incivility: A multilevel and longitudinal test. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(1–2), 448–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517734219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bureau, J. S., Howard, J. L., Chong, J. X., & Guay, F. (2022). Pathways to student motivation: A meta-analysis of antecedents of autonomous and controlled motivations. Review of Educational Research, 92(1), 46–72. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543211042426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busque-Carrier, M., Ratelle, C. F., & Le Corff, Y. (2021). Work values and job satisfaction: The mediating role of basic psychological needs at work. Journal of Career Development, 089484532110438. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453211043878
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, C. H., Ford, P., Rumsey, M. G., Pulakos, E. D., Borman, W. C., Felker, D. B., de Vera, M. V., & Riegelhaupt, B. J. (1990). Development of multiple job performance measures in a representative sample of jobs. Personnel Psychology, 43(2), 277–300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb01559.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center for Self-Determination Theory. (2021, November 5). Research. https://selfdeterminationtheory.org/research/
   Google Scholar
• Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., & Ford, M. T. (2014). Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic incentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 980–1008. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Beyers, W., Boone, L., Deci, E. L., Van der Kaap-Deeder, J., Duriez, B., Lens, W., Matos, L., Mouratidis, A., Ryan, R. M., Sheldon, K. M., Soenens, B., Van Petegem, S., & Verstuyf, J. (2015). Basic psychological need satisfaction, need frustration, and need strength across four countries. Motivation and Emotion, 39(2), 216–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9450-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleave, P. (2020, December 3). What is a good survey response rate? SmartSurvey. https://www.smartsurvey.co.uk/blog/what-is-a-good-survey-response-rate
   Google Scholar
• Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalal, R. S. (2005). A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1241–1255. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1241
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Data, U. S. A. (2021). Dental hygienists. Retrieved April 14, 2021 from, https://datausa.io/profile/soc/dental-hygienists#demographics
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., Olafsen, A. H., & Ryan, R. M. (2017). Self-determination theory in work organizations: The state of a science. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4(1), 19–43. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032516-113108
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Ryan, R. M. (1991). Motivation and education: The self-determination perspective. Educational Psychologist, 26(3–4), 325–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.1991.9653137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decuypere, A., Bauwens, R., & Audenaert, M. (2022). Leader psychological need satisfaction trickles down: The role of leader-member exchange. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 799921. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799921
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dulebohn, J. H., Bommer, W. H., Liden, R. C., Brouer, R. L., & Ferris, G. R. (2012). A meta-analysis of antecedents and consequences of leader-member exchange: Integrating the past with an eye toward the future. Journal of Management, 38(6), 1715–1759. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311415280
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dysvik, A., Kuvaas, B., & Gagné, M. (2013). An investigation of the unique, synergistic and balanced relationships between basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43(5), 1050–1064. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emm-Collison, L. G., Standage, M., & Gillison, F. B. (2016). Development and validation of the adolescent psychological need support in exercise questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 38(5), 505–520. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernet, C., Trépanier, S. G., Austin, S., Gagné, M., & Forest, J. (2015). Transformational leadership and optimal functioning at work: On the mediating role of employees’ perceived job characteristics and motivation. Work & Stress, 29(1), 11–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2014.1003998
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331–362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldman, Z. W., Goodboy, A. K., & Weber, K. (2017). College students’ psychological needs and intrinsic motivation to learn: An examination of self-determination theory. Communication Quarterly, 65(2), 167–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463373.2016.1215338
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graen, G., & Cashman, J. (1975). A role-making model of leadership in formal organizations: A developmental approach. In J. G. Hunt & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership frontiers (pp. 143–165). Kent State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Graen, G. B., & Scandura, T. A. (1987). Toward a psychology of dyadic organizing. In L. L. Cummings & B. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 9, pp. 175–208). JAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(95)90036-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, A. M. (2008). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, A. M., & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(1), 73–96. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.59215085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves, L. M., & Luciano, M. M. (2013). Self-determination at work: Understanding the role of leader-member exchange. Motivation and Emotion, 37(3), 518–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-012-9336-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076546
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan, S., & Hatmaker, D. M. (2015). Leadership and performance of public employees: Effects of the quality and characteristics of manager-employee relationships. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 25(4), 1127–1155. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muu002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann, D. A., & Morgeson, F. P. (1999). Safety-related behavior as a social exchange: The role of perceived organizational support and leader–member exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(2), 286–296. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.2.286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzbach, R. L. (1978). Rater bias in performance ratings: Superior, self-, and peer ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(5), 579–588. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.63.5.579
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, D. L. (2003). Revisiting sample size and the number of parameter estimates: Some support for the N: Q hypothesis. Structural Equation Modeling, 10(1), 128–141. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM1001_6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanat-Maymon, Y., Elimelech, M., & Roth, G. (2020). Work motivations as antecedents and outcomes of leadership: Integrating self-determination theory and the full range leadership theory. European Management Journal, 38(4), 555–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.01.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovjanic, S., Schuh, S. C., Jonas, K., Quaquebeke, N. V., & Van Dick, R. (2012). How do transformational leaders foster positive employee outcomes? A self‐determination‐based analysis of employees’ needs as mediating links. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1031–1052. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1771
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuvaas, B., & Dysvik, A. (2009). Perceived investment in employee development, intrinsic motivation and work performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 19(3), 217–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2009.00103.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, K., & Allen, N. J. (2002). Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: The role of affect and cognitions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levesque-Côté, J., Fernet, C., Morin, A. J. S., & Austin, S. (2020). On the motivational nature of authentic leadership practices: A latent profile analysis based on self-determination theory. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 42(2), 178–194. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2019-0522
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lian, H., Ferris, D. L., & Brown, D. J. (2012). Does taking the good with the bad make things worse? How abusive supervision and leader–member exchange interact to impact need satisfaction and organizational deviance. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 117(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liden, R. C., & Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24(1), 43–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(99)80053-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magson, N. R., Craven, R. G., Ryan, R. M., Dillon, A., Mooney, J., Blacklock, F., Yeung, A. S., Kadir, M. S., & Franklin, A. (2022). A cross-cultural investigation of basic psychological need satisfaction at work in an Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian sample across occupation types. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 53(2), 213–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211060441
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major, D. A., Fletcher, T. D., Davis, D. D., & Germano, L. M. (2008). The influence of work-family culture and workplace relationships on work interference with family: A multilevel model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(7), 881–897. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.502
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major, D. A., & Morganson, V. J. (2011). Coping with work-family conflict: A leader-member exchange perspective. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(1), 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Hau, K. T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320–341. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martela, F., Gómez, M., Unanue, W., Araya, S., Bravo, D., & Espejo, A. (2021). What makes work meaningful? Longitudinal evidence for the importance of autonomy and beneficence for meaningful work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 131, 103631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103631
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, R., Guillaume, Y., Thomas, G., Lee, A., & Epitropaki, O. (2016). Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) and performance: A meta-analytic Review. Personnel Psychology, 69(1), 67–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews, R. A., & Toumbeva, T. H. (2015). Lagged effects of family-supportive organization perceptions and supervision in relation to generalized work-related resources. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(3), 301–313. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michael, D. F. (2014). Supportive supervisor communication as a mediator of the leadermember exchange and subordinate performance relationship. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(2), 44–65.
   Google Scholar
• Motowidlo, S. J., & Kell, H. J. (2013). Job performance. In N. W. Schmitt & S. Highhouse (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 12, pp. 82–103). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2012). Mplus User’s Guide. Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Niemiec, C. P., Olafsen, A. H., Halvari, H., & Williams, G. (2022). Losing sleep over work: A self-determination theory view on need frustration, sleep disturbance, and mental ill health. Stress & Health, 38(4), 790–803. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northouse, P. G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Olafsen, A. H., Deci, E. L., & Halvari, H. (2018). Basic psychological needs and work motivation: A longitudinal test of directionality. Motivation and Emotion, 42(2), 178–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-017-9646-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O*NET. (2017). Dental hygienists. https://www.onetcodeconnector.org/ccreport/29-1292.00?redir=29-2021.00
   Google Scholar
• Organ, D. W., & Ryan, K. (1995). A meta‐analytic review of attitudinal and dispositional predictors of organizational citizenship behavior. Personnel Psychology, 48(4), 775–802. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01781.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, K. Z., Ngo, H. Y., Shi, J., & Wong, C. S. (2009). Gender differences in the work commitment of Chinese workers: An investigation of two alternative explanations. Journal of World Business, 44(3), 323–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2008.08.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penney, L. M., & Spector, P. E. (2005). Job stress, incivility, and counterproductive work behavior (CWB): The moderating role of negative affectivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(7), 777–796. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.336
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. -Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531–544. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063860120040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roche, M., & Haar, J. M. (2013). A metamodel approach towards self-determination theory: A study of New Zealand managers’ organisational citizenship behaviours. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(18), 3397–3417. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.770779
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotundo, M., & Sackett, P. R. (2002). The relative importance of task, citizenship, and counterproductive performance to global ratings of job performance: A policy-capturing approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.1.66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saridakis, G., Lai, Y., Muñoz Torres, R. I., & Gourlay, S. (2020). Exploring the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment: An instrumental variable approach. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(13), 1739–1769. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1423100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scandura, T. A., Graen, G. B., & Novak, M. A. (1986). When managers decide not to decide autocratically: An investigation of leader–member exchange and decision influence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(4), 579–584. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.4.579
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, M. L., & Kwan, B. M. (2013). Psychological need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation and affective response to exercise in adolescents. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(5), 776–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.04.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schou Andreassen, C., Ursin, H., & Eriksen, H. R. (2007). The relationship between strong motivation to work, “workaholism”, and health. Psychology & Health, 22(5), 615–629. https://doi.org/10.1080/14768320600941814
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz, P. P., Ryan, R. M., Niemiec, C. P., Legate, N., & Williams, G. C. (2015). Mindfulness, work climate, and psychological need satisfaction in employee well-being. Mindfulness, 6(5), 971–985. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0338-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segrin, C. (2003). Age moderate the relationship between social support and psychosocial problems. Human Communication Research, 29(3), 317–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2003.tb00842.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer, J. A., & Postlethwaite, B. E. (2012). A matter of context: A meta-analytic investigation of the relative validity of contextualized and noncontextualized personality measures. Personnel Psychology, 65(3), 445–494. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2012.01250.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon, K. M., Turban, D. B., Brown, K. G., Barrick, M. R., & Judge, T. A. (2003). Applying self-determination theory to organizational research. Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 22, pp. 357–393). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(03)22008-9
   Google Scholar
• Sherony, K. M., & Green, S. G. (2002). Coworker exchange: Relationships between coworkers, leader-member exchange, and work attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 542–548. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slemp, G. R., Lee, M. A., & Hossman, L. H. (2021). Interventions to support autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs in organizations: A systematic review with recommendations for research and practice. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 94(2), 427–457. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12338
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sparr, J. L., & Sonnentag, S. (2008). Fairness perceptions of supervisor feedback, LMX, and employee well-being at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 17(2), 198–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320701743590
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spector, P. E. (1986). Perceived control by employees: A meta-analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at work. Human Relations, 39(11), 1005–1016. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678603901104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spector, P. E., & Fox, S. (2005). A stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behavior. In S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 151–174). APA.
   Google Scholar
• Stajkovic, A. D., & Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 240–261. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay, M. A., Blanchard, C. M., Taylor, S., Pelletier, L. G., & Villeneuve, M. (2009). Work extrinsic and intrinsic motivation scale: Its value for organizational psychology research. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 41(4), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015167
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trenshaw, K. F., Revelo, R. A., Earl, K. A., & Herman, G. L. (2016). Using self determination theory principles to promote engineering students’ intrinsic motivation to learn. International Journal of Engineering Education, 32(3), 1194–1207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trépanier, S. G., Fernet, C., & Austin, S. (2012). Social and motivational antecedents of perceptions of transformational leadership: A self-determination theory perspective. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 44(4), 272. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028699
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Broeck, A., Howard, J. L., Van Vaerenbergh, Y., Leroy, H., & Gagné, M. (2021). Beyond intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis on self-determination theory’s multidimensional conceptualization of work motivation. Organizational Psychology Review, 11(3), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211006173
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Broeck, A., Vansteenkiste, M., De Witte, H., & Lens, W. (2008). Explaining the relationships between job characteristics, burnout, and engagement: The role of basic psychological need satisfaction. Work & Stress, 22(3), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802393672
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., & Peeters, M. C. W. (2015). The job crafting intervention: Effects on job resources, self-efficacy, and affective well-being. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88(3), 511–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Egmond, M. C., Berges, A. N., Omarshah, T., & Benton, J. (2017). The role of intrinsic motivation and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs under conditions of severe resource scarcity. Psychological Science, 28(6), 822–828. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617698138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volmer, J., Spurk, D., & Niessen, C. (2012). Leader–member exchange (LMX), job autonomy, and creative work involvement. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 456–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., & Gagné, M. (2013). A Chinese–Canadian cross-cultural investigation of transformational leadership, autonomous motivation, and collectivistic value. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 20(1), 134–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051812465895
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wat, D., & Shaffer, M. A. (2005). Equity and relationship quality influences on organizational citizenship behaviors: The mediating role of trust in the supervisor and empowerment. Personnel Review, 34(4), 406–422. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480510599752
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, G. C., Halvari, H., Niemiec, C. P., Sørebø, Ø., Olafsen, A. H., & Westbye, C. (2014). Managerial support for basic psychological needs, somatic symptom burden and work-related correlates: A self-determination theory perspective. Work & Stress, 28(4), 404–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2014.971920
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, Y., & Moon, J. (2019). The effects of LMX and feeling trusted on job performance and workplace ostracism among salespeople. Journal of Distribution Science, 17(4), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.17.4.201904.41
   Google Scholar
• Young, H. R., Glerum, D. R., Joseph, D. L., & McCord, M. A. (2021). A meta-analysis of transactional leadership and follower performance: Double-edged effects of LMX and empowerment. Journal of Management, 47(5), 1255–1280. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320908646
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yun, S., Takeuchi, R., & Liu, W. (2007). Employee self-enhancement motives and job performance behaviors: Investigating the moderating effects of employee role ambiguity and managerial perceptions of employee commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(3), 745–756. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zapata-Phelan, C. P., Colquitt, J. A., Scott, B. A., & Livingston, B. (2009). Procedural justice, interactional justice, and task performance: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108(1), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2008.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar