The mechanical and durability behaviour of sustainable self-compacting concrete partially contained waste plastic as fine aggregate

References

• Aadi, A.S., N.H. Sor, and A.A. Mohammed. 2021 August. “The Behavior of eco-friendly self–compacting Concrete Partially Utilized ultra-fine Eggshell Powder Waste.” Journal of Physics. Conference Series 1973(1): 012143. IOP Publishing
   Google Scholar
• Abed, J.M., B.A. Khaleel, I.S. Aldabagh, and N.H. Sor. 2021 August. “The Effect of Recycled Plastic Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) on Characteristics of Cement Mortar.” Journal of Physics. Conference Series 1973(1): 012121. IOP Publishing
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, Sulaiman Nayef, Hamah Sor Nadhim, Ahmed Mohammed Akram, Qaidi and Shaker M.A. 2022. “Thermal conductivity and hardened behavior of eco-friendly concreteincorporating waste polypropylene as fine aggregate.” Materials Today: Proceedings 57: 818–823. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.417.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, Hemn Unis, Azad A. Mohammed, Serwan Rafiq, Ahmed Salih Mohammed, Amir Mosavi, Nadhim Hamah Sor, and Shaker M.A. Qaidi. 2021. “Compressive Strength of Sustainable Geopolymer Concrete Composites: A state-of-the-Art Review.” Sustainability 13 (24): 13502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albano, C., N. Camacho, M. Hernandez, A. Matheus, and A. Gutierrez. 2009. “Influence of Content and Particle Size of Waste Pet Bottles on Concrete Behavior at Different w/c Ratios.” Waste Manage 29 (10): 2707–2716. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslani, F., and J. Kelin. 2018. “Assessment and Development of high-performance fibre-reinforced Lightweight self-compacting Concrete Including Recycled Crumb Rubber Aggregates Exposed to Elevated Temperatures.” Journal of Cleaner Production 200: 1009–1025. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.323.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslani, Farhad, and Ma. Guowei. 2018. “Normal and high-strength Lightweight self-compacting Concrete Incorporating Perlite, Scoria, and Polystyrene Aggregates at Elevated Temperatures.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 30 (12): 04018328. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002538.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The association of plastic recyclers. https://plasticsrecycling.org/ Accessed 2018.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C 642. 2006. Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete. West Conshohocken, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C39M– 20. 2020. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. doi:10.1520/c0039_c0039m-20.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C494F – 19. 2019. Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete. West Conshohocken: ASTM International. doi:10.1520/c0494_c0494m-19.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C597–09. 2009. Standard Test Method for Pulse Velocity through Concrete. West Conshohocken, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C78-84. 1989. Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading), 32–34. Vols. 04–02. Philadelphia: Annual Book of ASTM Standard.
   Google Scholar
• Badache, A., A.S. Benosman, Y. Senhadji, and M. Mouli. 2018. “Thermo-physical and Mechanical Characteristics of sand-based Lightweight Composite Mortars with Recycled high-density Polyethylene HDPE.” Construction and Building Materials 163: 40–52. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basha, S.I., M.R. Ali, S.U. Al-Dulaijan, and M. Maslehuddin. 2020. “Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Lightweight Recycled Plastic Aggregate Concrete.” Journal of Building Engineering 32: 101710. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101710.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batayneh, M., I. Marie, and I. Asi. 2007. “Use of Selected Waste Materials in Concrete Mixes.” Waste Management 27 (12): 1870–1876. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belmokaddem, Mohammed, Abdelkader Mahi, Yassine Senhadji, and Bekir Yilmaz Pekmezci. 2020. “Mechanical and Physical Properties and Morphology of Concrete Containing Plastic Waste as Aggregate.” Construction and Building Materials 257: 119559. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, Y.W., D.J. Moon, J.S. Chung, and S.K. Cho. 2005. “Effects of Waste PET Bottles Aggregate on the Properties of Concrete, Cement Concr.” Res 35 (4): 776–781.
   Google Scholar
• EFNARC (European Federation of Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems) (2005). “The European Guidelines for Self Compacting Concrete: Specification, Production and Use.”
   Google Scholar
• Gavela, S., A. Ntziouni, E. Rakanta, N. Kouloumbi, and V. Kasselouri-Rigopoulou. 2013. “Corrosion Behaviour of Steel Rebars in Reinforced Concrete Containing Thermoplastic Wastes as Aggregates.” Construction and Building Materials 41: 419–426. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.12.043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatice Öznur, Öz, Mehmet Gesoglu, Erhan Güneyisi, Nadhim Hamah Sor, D L. Jacobson, and W J. Weiss. 2017. “Self-Consolidating Concretes Made with Cold-Bonded Fly Ash Lightweight Aggregates.” ACI Materials Journal 114 (3): 149–159. doi:10.14359/51689606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herki, B.A., and J.M. Khatib. 2017. “Valorisation of Waste Expanded Polystyrene in Concrete Using a Novel Recycling Technique.” Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng 21 (11): 1384–1402. doi:10.1080/19648189.2016.1170729.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hertz, K.D. 2005. “Concrete Strength for Fire Safety Design, Mag.” Concr. Res 57 (8): 445–453. doi:10.1680/macr.2005.57.8.445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseini, S.A., M. Nematzadeh, and C. Chastre. 2021. “Prediction of Shear Behavior of Steel fiber-reinforced Rubberized Concrete Beams Reinforced with Glass Fiber reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bars, Compos.” Composite Structures 256: 113010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iraqi specification No. 45/. 1984. Aggregate from Natural Sources for Concrete. Baghdad, Iraq: Central Agency for Standardization and Quality Control, Planning Council.
   Google Scholar
• Iraqi specification No. 5/. 2019. Portland Cement. Central Agency for Standardization and Quality Control. Baghdad, Iraq: Planning Council.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob-Vaillancourt, Colin, and Luca Sorelli. 2018. “Characterization of Concrete Composites with Recycled Plastic Aggregates from Postconsumer Material Streams, Constr.” Building Material 182: 561–572. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.083.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John Babafemi, Adewumi, B. Šavija, S. Paul, and V. Anggraini. 2018. “Branko Šavija, SuvashChandra Paul, Vivi Anggraini, Engineering Properties of Concrete with Waste Recycled Plastic: A Review.” Sustainability 10 (11): 3875. doi:10.3390/su10113875.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi, A., and M. Nematzadeh. 2020. “Axial Compressive Performance of Steel Tube Columns Filled with Steel fiber-reinforced High Strength Concrete Containing Tire Aggregate after Exposure to High Temperatures, Eng.” Composite Structures 219: 110608.
   Google Scholar
• Khalid, Faisal Sheikh, Nurul Bazilah Azmi, Puteri Natasya Mazenan, Shahiron Shahidan, Nor Hazurina Othman, and Nickholas Anting Anak Guntor. “Self-consolidating Concretes Containing Waste PET Bottles as Sand Replacement.” In AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1930, no. 1, p. 020034. AIP Publishing LLC, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Kou, S.C., G. Lee, C.S. Poon, and W.L. Lai. 2009. “Properties of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Prepared with PVC Granules Derived from Scraped PVC Pipes.” Waste Management 29 (2): 621–628. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.06.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latroch, N., A.S. Benosman, N.E. Bouhamou, Y. Senhadji, and M. Mouli. 2018. “Physicomechanical and Thermal Properties of Composite Mortars Containing Lightweight Aggregates of Expanded Polyvinyl Chloride, Constr.” Building Material 175: 77–87. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.173.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medher, Ammar Hamid, Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi, and Nahla Hilal. 2021. “The Possibility of Producing self-compacting Lightweight Concrete by Using Expanded Polystyrene Beads as Coarse Aggregate.” Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 46 (5): 4253–4270. doi:10.1007/s13369-020-04886-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mermerdaş, K, İPEK Süleyman, NH Sor, ES Mulapeer, and Ş Ekmen. 2020. “The Impact of Artificial Lightweight Aggregate on the Engineering Features of Geopolymer Mortar.” Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 9 (1): 79–90. doi:10.46810/tdfd.718895.
   Google Scholar
• Mezzal, Saif K., Zaid Al-Azzawi, and Khalid B. Najim. 2021. “Effect of Discarded Steel Fibers on Impact Resistance, Flexural Toughness and Fracture Energy of high-strength self-compacting Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures.” Fire Safety Journal 121: 103271. doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, A.A., I.I. Mohammed, and S.A. Mohammed. 2019. “Some Properties of Concrete with Plastic Aggregate Derived from Shredded PVC Sheets.” Construction and Building Materials 201: 232–245. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, M.K., A.I. Al-Hadithi, and M.H. Mohammed. 2019. “Production and Optimization of Eco Efficient Self Compacting Concrete SCC with Limestone and PET.” Construction and Building Materials 197: 734–746. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, A.S., N.N. Hilal, T.K.M. Ali, and N.H. Sor. 2021 August. “An Investigation of the Effect of Walnut Shell as Sand Replacement on the Performance of Cement Mortar Subjected to Elevated Temperatures.” Journal of Physics. Conference Series 1973(1): 012034. IOP Publishing
   Google Scholar
• Mousavimehr, M., and M. Nematzadeh. 2019. “Predicting post-fire Behavior of Crumb Rubber Aggregate Concrete, Constr.” Building Material 229: 116834. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116834.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahla, Hilal, Doha M. Al Saffar, and Taghreed Khaleefa Mohammed Ali. 2021. “Effect of Egg Shell Ash and Strap Plastic Waste on Properties of High Strength Sustainable self-compacting Concrete.” Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14 (4): 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Nahla, Hilal, Rawaa Dheyaa Saleh, Najwa B. Yakoob, and Qais Sahib Banyhussan. 2021a. “Utilization of Ceramic Waste Powder in Cement Mortar Exposed to Elevated Temperature.” Innovative Infrastructure Solutions 6 (1): 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahla, Hilal, Nadhim Hamah Sor, Rabar H. Faraj, M. Maleki, G. Kalvandi, and C. Karami. 2021b. “Development of eco-efficient Lightweight self-compacting Concrete with High Volume of Recycled EPS Waste Materials.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14213-w.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naraindas, Bheel, Montasir Osman Ahmed Ali, T. Tafsirojjaman Yue Liu, Paul Awoyera, Nadhim Hamah Sor, Lenin Miguel Bendezu Romero, and L M. Bendezu Romero. 2021a. “Utilization of Corn Cob Ash as Fine Aggregate and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cementitious Material in Concrete.” Buildings 11 (9): 422. doi:10.3390/buildings11090422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naraindas, Bheel, T. Tafsirojjaman Paul Awoyera, and Nadhim Hamah Sor. 2021b. “Synergic Effect of Metakaolin and Groundnut Shell Ash on the Behavior of Fly ash-based self-compacting Geopolymer Concrete.” Construction and Building Materials 311: 125327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nematzadeh, M., A. Karimi, and S. Fallah-Valukolaee. 2020. “Compressive Performance of Steel fiber-reinforced Rubberized Concrete Core Detached from Heated CFST, Constr.” Construction and Building Materials 239: 117832. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117832.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nematzadeh, M., A. Karimi, and A. Gholampour. 2020 October. “Pre-and Postheating Behavior of concrete-filled Steel Tube Stub Columns Containing Steel Fiber and Tire Rubber.” In Structures. Vol. 27. 2346–2364. Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Okamura, H. 1997. “Self-compacting high-performance Concrete, Concr.” Concrete International 19 (7): 50–54.
   Google Scholar
• Ozawa, K., K. Maekawa, and H. Okamura.” (1996). “Self-Compacting High Performance Concrete. Collected Papers (University of Tokyo.” Department of Civil Engineering), 34, 135–149.
   Google Scholar
• Sadrmomtazi, A., S. Dolati-Milehsara, O. Lotfi-Omran, and A. Sadeghi-Nik. 2016. “The Combined Effects of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Particles and Pozzolanic Materials on the Properties of self-compacting Concrete.” Journal of Cleaner Production 112: 2363–2373.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saikia, N., and J. De Brito. 2012. “Use of Plastic Waste as Aggregate in Cement Mortar and Concrete Preparation: A Review, Constr.” Building Material 34: 385–401. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.066.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakthieswaran, K.G.N. 2013. “A Short Survey for Different Waste Utilisation in Concrete.” J. Appl. Sci. Res 9 (10): 5548–5552.
   Google Scholar
• Saxena, R., S. Siddique, T. Gupta, R.K. Sharma, and S. Chaudhary. 2018. “Impact Resistance and Energy Absorption Capacity of Concrete Containing Plastic Waste, Constr.” Building Material 176: 415–421. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senhadji, Y., G. Escadeillas, A.S. Benosman, M. Mouli, H. Khelafi, and S. OuldKaci. 2015. “Effect of Incorporating PVC Waste as Aggregate on the Physical, Mechanical and Chloride Ion Penetration Behaviour of Concrete.” Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 29 (7): 625–640. doi:10.1080/01694243.2014.1000773.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, R., and P.P. Bansal. 2016. “Use of Different Forms of Waste Plastic in Concrete – A Review.” Journal of Cleaner Production 112: 473–482. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shubbar, S.D.A., and A.S. Al-Shadeedi. 2017. “Utilization of Waste Plastic Bottles as Fine Aggregate in Concrete.” Kufa Journal of Engineering 8 (2): 132–146.
   Google Scholar
• Sor, NAH. 2018. “The Effect of Superplasticizer Dosage on Fresh Properties of self-compacting Lightweight Concrete Produced with Coarse Pumice Aggregate.” Journal of Garmian University 5 (2): 190–209. doi:10.24271/garmian.336.
   Google Scholar
• Sor, Hamah, Nahla Hilal Nadhim, Rabar H. Faraj, Hemn Unis Ahmed, and Aryan Far H. Sherwani. 2021. “Experimental and Empirical Evaluation of Strength for Sustainable Lightweight self-compacting Concrete by Recycling High Volume of Industrial Waste Materials.” European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering 1–18. doi:10.1080/19648189.2021.1997827.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanyildizi, H., and A. Coskun. 2008. “The Effect of High Temperature on Compressive Strength and Splitting Tensile Strength of Structural Lightweight Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Constr.” Building Material 22 (11): 2269–2275. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.07.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanyildizi, H. 2009. “Statistical Analysis for Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Containing Silica Fume Exposed to High Temperature, Mater.” Des 30 (8): 3252–3258.
   Google Scholar
• Waseem Khairi Mosleh, Frhaan, B. H. Abu Bakar, Nahla Hilal, and Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi. 2020. “Relation between Rheological and Mechanical Properties on Behaviour of self-compacting Concrete (SCC) Containing Recycled Plastic Fibres: A Review.” European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering 1–33.
   Google Scholar
• Yesilata, B., Y. Isiker, and P. Turgut. 2009. “Thermal Insulation Enhancement in Concretes by Adding Waste PET and Rubber Pieces.” Construction and Building Materials 23 (5): 1878–1882. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.09.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar