Progress and Perspective for Carbon Quantum Dots and Analogous Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Augmenting Forward Osmosis Performance

References

• Zhao, D. L.; Chung, T. S. Applications of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) in Membrane Technologies: A Review. Water. Res. 2018, 147, 43–49. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain, H.; Garg, M. C. Fabrication of Polymeric Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes for Water Desalination—A Review. Environ. Technol. Innovations. 2021, 23, 101561. DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101561.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Najar, B.; Peters, C. D.; Albuflasa, H.; Hankins, N. P. Pressure and Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes: A Review of the Benefits and Production of Nano-Enhanced Membranes for Desalination. Desalination. 2020, 479, 114323. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114323.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akther, N.; Phuntsho, S.; Chen, Y.; Ghaffour, N.; Shon, H. K. Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Modified Polyamide Thin-Film Composite Membranes for Forward Osmosis Processes. J. Memb. Sci. 2019, 584, 20–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.064.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H.; Huang, M.; Wang, Z.; Gao, P.; Cai, T.; Song, J.; Zhang, Y.; Meng, L. Enhancing Rejection Performance of Tetracycline Resistance Genes by a TiO2/agnps-Modified Nanofiber Forward Osmosis Membrane. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 382, 123052. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.123052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Shen, L.; Guan, C. -Y.; Liu, C. -X.; Lang, W. -Z.; Wang, Y. Construction of SiO2@mwnts Incorporated PVDF Substrate for Reducing Internal Concentration Polarization in Forward Osmosis. J. Memb. Sci. 2018, 564, 328–341. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, W.; Li, Y.; Bao, M.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, C.; Lu, J. Highly Permeable and Stable Forward Osmosis (FO) Membrane Based on the Incorporation of Al2O3 Nanoparticles into Both Substrate and Polyamide Active Layer. R.S.C. Adv. 2017, 7(64), 40311–40320. DOI: 10.1039/C7RA04046F.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rastgar, M.; Shakeri, A.; Bozorg, A.; Salehi, H.; Saadattalab, V. Highly-Efficient Forward Osmosis Membrane Tailored by Magnetically Responsive Graphene Oxide/Fe3O4 Nanohybrid, Appl. Surf. Sci. 2018, 441, 923–935. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, N.; Wei, J.; Liao, R.; Tang, C. Y. Zeolite-Polyamide Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes: Towards Enhanced Performance for Forward Osmosis. J. Memb. Sci. 2012, (405–406), 405–406–157149–157. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.03.002.
   Google Scholar
• Gandhi, D.; Bandyopadhyay, R.; Soni, B. Zeolite Y from Kaolin Clay of Kachchh, India: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Application. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 2021, 98(12), 100246. DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, L. Y.; Mohammad, A. W.; Leo, C. P.; Hilal, N. Polymeric Membranes Incorporated with Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review. Desalination. 2013, 308, 15–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, C. X.; Zhao, D.; Zhao, Q.; Wang, P.; Lu, X. Na±functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots: A New Draw Solute in Forward Osmosis for Seawater Desalination. Chem. Commun. 2014, 50(55), 7318–7321. DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01603c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, Z.; Wu, X.; Jiang, Y.; Li, Y.; Huang, J.; Hao, L.; Zhang, J.; Wang, J. Carbon Dots-Incorporated Composite Membrane Towards Enhanced Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Performance. J. Memb. Sci. 2018, 549, 1–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.051.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahat, N. A.; Shamsudin, S. A.; Jullok, N.; Ma’radzi, A. H. Carbon Quantum Dots Embedded Polysulfone Membranes for Antibacterial Performance in the Process of Forward Osmosis. Desalination. 2020, 493, 114618. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114618.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guillen, G. R.; Pan, Y.; Li, M.; Hoek, E. M. Preparation and Characterization of Membranes Formed by Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation: A Review, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50(7), 3798–3817. DOI: 10.1021/ie101928r.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gai, W.; Zhao, D. L.; Chung, T. S. Novel Thin Film Composite Hollow Fiber Membranes Incorporated with Carbon Quantum Dots for Osmotic Power Generation. J. Memb. Sci. 2018, 551, 94–102. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.034.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng, Z.; Yu, D.; He, Z.; Liu, J.; Xiao, F. X.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, R.; Bhattacharyya, D.; Tan, T. T. Y. Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Covalently Functionalized PVDF Membrane with Significantly-Enhanced Bactericidal and Antibiofouling Performances. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6(1), 1–11. DOI: 10.1038/srep20142.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, C.; Wei, K.; Zhang, W.; Bai, Y.; Sun, Y.; Gu, J. Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Incorporated into a Thin Film Nanocomposite Membrane with High Flux and Antifouling Properties for Low-Pressure Nanofiltration. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2017, 9(12), 11082–11094. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12826.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, X.; Ray, R.; Gu, Y.; Ploehn, H. J.; Gearheart, L.; Raker, K.; Scrivens, W. A. Electrophoretic Analysis and Purification of Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Fragments. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126(40), 12736–12737. DOI: 10.1021/ja040082h.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y. -P.; Zhou, B.; Lin, Y.; Wang, W.; Fernando, K. A. S.; Pathak, P.; Meziani, M. J.; Harruff, B. A.; Wang, X.; Wang, H., et al. Quantum-Sized Carbon Dots for Bright and Colorful Photoluminescence. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128(24), 7756–7757. DOI: 10.1021/ja062677d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, S. N.; Baker, G. A. Luminescent Carbon Nanodots: Emergent Nanolights, Angew. Chemie Int. Ed. 2010, 49(38), 6726–6744. DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, J.; Zhu, Y.; Yang, X.; Li, C. Graphene Quantum Dots: Emergent Nanolights for Bioimaging, Sensors, Catalysis and Photovoltaic Devices. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48(31), 3686–3699. DOI: 10.1039/C2CC00110A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y.; Hu, A. Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. J. Mater. Chem. C. 2014, 2(34), 6921–6939. DOI: 10.1039/C4TC00988F.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, I.; Arora, R.; Dhiman, H.; Pahwa, R. Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Characterization and Biomedical Applications. Turkish J. Pharm. Sci. 2018, 15(2), 219–230. DOI: 10.4274/tjps.63497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farshbaf, M.; Davaran, S.; Rahimi, F.; Annabi, N.; Salehi, R.; Akbarzadeh, A. Carbon Quantum Dots: Recent Progresses on Synthesis, Surface Modification and Applications, Artif. Cells, Nanomed. Biotechnol. 2018, 46(7), 1331–1348. DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1377725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, L.; Wu, G.; Yang, G.; Peng, J.,Zhao, J.; Zhu, J. Focusing on Luminescent Graphene Quantum Dots: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Nanoscale. 2013, 510, 4015–4039. 10.1039/C3NR33849E.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Z.; Zhang, J.; Chen, N.; Qu, L. Graphene Quantum Dots: An Emerging Material for Energy-Related Applications and Beyond. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5(10), 8869–8890. DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22982J.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, H.; Kang, Z.; Liu, Y.; Lee, S. -T. Carbon Nanodots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22(46), 24230–24253. DOI: 10.1039/C2JM34690G.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H.; Huang, H.; Ming, H.; Li, H.; Zhang, L.; Liu, Y.; Kang, Z. Carbon Quantum Dots/Ag3PO4 Complex Photocatalysts with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Stability Under Visible Light. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22(21), 10501–10506. DOI: 10.1039/C2JM30703K.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, S.; Cong, R.; Zhu, S.; Zhao, X.; Liu, J.; Tse, J. S.; Meng, S.; Yang, B. Ph-Dependent Synthesis of Novel Structure-Controllable Polymer-Carbon NanoDots with High Acidophilic Luminescence and Super Carbon Dots Assembly for White Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2016, 8, 4062–4068. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ray, S. C.; Saha, A.; Jana, N. R.; Sarkar, R. Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Bioimaging Application. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2009, 113(43), 18546–18551. DOI: 10.1021/jp905912n.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, H.; He, X.; Liu, Y.; Huang, H.; Lian, S.; Lee, S. -T.; Kang, Z. One-Step Ultrasonic Synthesis of Water-Soluble Carbon Nanoparticles with Excellent Photoluminescent Properties. Carbon. 2011, 49(2), 605–609. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, X.; Pang, J.; Xu, F.; Zhang, X. Simple Approach to Synthesize Amino-Functionalized Carbon Dots by Carbonization of Chitosan, Sci. Rep. 2016, 6(1), 1–8. DOI: 10.1038/srep31100.
   Google Scholar
• Sahu, S.; Behera, B.; Maiti, T. K.; Mohapatra, S. Simple One-Step Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Carbon Dots from Orange Juice: Application as Excellent Bio-Imaging Agents. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48(70), 8835–8837. DOI: 10.1039/C2CC33796G.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J.; Sheng, Z.; Han, H.; Zou, M.; Li, C. Facile Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots Using Watermelon Peel as a Carbon Source, Mater. Lett. 2012, 66(1), 222–224. DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.08.081.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Cai, Z.; You, S.; Sun, Y.; Dai, Y.; Wang, R.; Shao, S.; Zou, J. Corn Stalk-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots with Abundant Amino Groups as a Selective-Layer Modifier for Enhancing Chlorine Resistance of Membranes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2021, 13(19), 22621–22634. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04777.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta, V. N.; Jha, S.; Kailasa, S. K. One-Pot Green Synthesis of Carbon Dots by Using Saccharum Officinarum Juice for Fluorescent Imaging of Bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Cells. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 2014, 38, 20–27. DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.01.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J.; Wang, C. -F.; Chen, S. Amphiphilic Egg-Derived Carbon Dots: Rapid Plasma Fabrication, Pyrolysis Process, and Multicolor Printing Patterns, Angew. Chemie. Int Ed. 2012, 51(37), 9297–9301. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Himaja, A. L.; Karthik, P. S.; Sreedhar, B.; Singh, S. P. Synthesis of Carbon Dots from Kitchen Waste: Conversion of Waste to Value Added Product. J. Fluoresc. 2014, 24(6), 1767–1773. DOI: 10.1007/s10895-014-1465-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, L.; Zhang, L.; Chen, M.; Chen, X.; Wang, J. The Production of Ph-Sensitive Photoluminescent Carbon Nanoparticles by the Carbonization of Polyethylenimine and Their Use for Bioimaging. Carbon. 2013, 55, 343–349. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.12.074.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, D.; Hou, M.; Ning, H.; Zhang, J.; Ma, J.; Yang, G.; Han, B. Efficient SO2 Absorption by Renewable Choline Chloride–Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvents. Green. Chem. 2013, 15(8), 2261. DOI: 10.1039/c3gc40815a.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzmin, P. G.; Shafeev, G. A.; Bukin, V. V.; Garnov, S. V.; Farcau, C.; Carles, R.; Warot-Fontrose, B.; Guieu, V.; Viau, G. Silicon Nanoparticles Produced by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Ethanol: Size Control Structural Characterization, and Optical Properties. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2010, 114(36), 15266–15273. DOI: 10.1021/jp102174y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, Y.; Jo, S.; Chae, A.; Kim, Y. K.; Park, J. E.; Lim, D.; Park, S. Y. In, Simple Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Amphiphilic Carbon Quantum Dots from A3/B2 Polyamidation Monomer Set. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2017, 9(33), 27883–27893. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwenke, A. M.; Hoeppener, S.; Schubert, U. S. Synthesis and Modification of Carbon Nanomaterials Utilizing Microwave Heating. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27(28), 4113–4141. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro, H. P. S.; Souza, V. S.; Scholten, J. D.; Dias, J. H.; Fernandes, J. A.; Rodembusch, F. S.; dos Reis, R.; Dupont, J.; Teixeira, S. R.; Correia, R. R. B. Synthesis and Characterisation of Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots Produced in Ionic Liquids by Laser Ablation. Chem. – A Eur. J. 2016, 22(1), 138–143. DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, S.; Liu, J.; Yang, J.; Wang, Y.; Cao, S. Laser Synthesis and Size Tailor of Carbon Quantum Dots. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2011, 13(12), 7247–7252. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-011-0638-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, R.; Lu, K. -Q.; Tang, Z. -R.; Xu, Y. -J. Recent Progress in Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications in Photocatalysis. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2017, 5(8), 3717–3734. DOI: 10.1039/C6TA08660H.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, P.; Xia, Y. Synthesis-Modification Integration: One-Step Fabrication of Boronic Acid Functionalized Carbon Dots for Fluorescent Blood Sugar Sensing. Anal. Chem. 2014, 86(11), 5323–5329. DOI: 10.1021/ac5001338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuo, S.; Shao, M.; Lee, S. -T. Upconversion and Downconversion Fluorescent Graphene Quantum Dots: Ultrasonic Preparation and Photocatalysis. ACS. Nano. 2012, 6(2), 1059–1064. DOI: 10.1021/nn2040395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, Z.; Zhang, C.; Yu, X.; Li, J.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, B. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Cyclen Functional Carbon Dots to Construct a Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Tetracycline Detection. J. Mater. Chem. C. 2018, 6(36), 9636–9641. DOI: 10.1039/C8TC02982B.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, B.; Li, F.; Li, S.; Weng, W.; Guo, H.; Guo, T.; Zhang, X.; Chen, Y.; Huang, T.; Hong, X., et al. Large Scale Synthesis of Photoluminescent Carbon Nanodots and Their Application for Bioimaging. Nanoscale. 2013, 5(5), 1967–1971. DOI: 10.1039/C2NR32675B.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, C. -B.; Zhu, Z. -T.; Wang, H. -X.; Huang, X.; Zhang, X.; Qi, X.; Zhang, H. -L.; Zhu, Y.; Deng, X.; Peng, Y., et al. A General Solid-State Synthesis of Chemically-Doped Fluorescent Graphene Quantum Dots for Bioimaging and Optoelectronic Applications. Nanoscale. 2015, 7(22), 10162–10169. DOI: 10.1039/C5NR01757B.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, D. L.; Das, S.; Chung, T. S. Carbon Quantum Dots Grafted Antifouling Membranes for Osmotic Power Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51(23), 14016–14023. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng, Y. H.; Chen, J. H.; Yang, Q.; Zhuo, Y. Z. Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) and Polyethyleneimine (PEI) Layer-By-Layer (LBL) Self-Assembly PEK-C-Based Membranes with High Forward Osmosis Performance. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2021, 170, 423–433. DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.04.026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gai, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, Q.; Chung, T. S. Highly Permeable Thin Film Composite Hollow Fiber Membranes for Brackish Water Desalination by Incorporating Amino Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots and Hypochlorite Treatment. J. Memb. Sci. 2021, 620, 118952. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118952.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doshi, K.; Mungray, A. A. Bio-Route Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots from Tulsi Leaves and Its Application as a Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2020, 8(5), 104174. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miao, W.; Zou, W. S.; Zhao, Q.; Wang, Y.; Chen, X.; Wu, S.; Liu, Z.; Xu, T. Coupling Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots Onto Active Layer for Highly Efficient Photodynamic Antibacterial Chemotherapy and Enhanced Membrane Properties. J. Memb. Sci. 2021, 639, 119754. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119754.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, W.; Ni, Y.; Xu, Z. One-Step Uniformly Hybrid Carbon Quantum Dots with High-Reactive TiO2 for Photocatalytic Application. J. Alloys Compd. 2015, 622, 303–308. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.10.076.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J.; Gao, M.; Ho, G. W. Bidentate-Complex-Derived TiO2/Carbon Dot Photocatalysts: In situ Synthesis, Versatile Heterostructures, and Enhanced H2 Evolution. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2014, 2(16), 5703–5709. DOI: 10.1039/C3TA15114J.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahirwar, S.; Mallick, S.; Bahadur, D. Electrochemical Method to Prepare Graphene Quantum Dots and Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots, ACS Omega. 2017, 2(11), 8343–8353. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01539.
   Google Scholar
• Anwar, S.; Ding, H.; Xu, M.; Hu, X.; Li, Z.; Wang, J.; Liu, L.; Jiang, L.; Wang, D.; Dong, C., et al. Recent Advances in Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Biomedical Applications of Carbon Dots. ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2019, 2(6), 2317–2338. DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00112.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hou, Y.; Lu, Q.; Deng, J.; Li, H.; Zhang, Y. One-Pot Electrochemical Synthesis of Functionalized Fluorescent Carbon Dots and Their Selective Sensing for Mercury Ion, Anal. Chim. Acta. 2015, 866, 69–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.039.
   Google Scholar
• Yadav, S.; Saleem, H.; Ibrar, I.; Naji, O.; Hawari, A. A.; Alanezi, A. A.; Zaidi, S. J.; Altaee, A.; Zhou, J. Recent Developments in Forward Osmosis Membranes Using Carbon-Based Nanomaterials. Desalination. 2020, 482, 114375. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114375.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akther, N.; Sanahuja-Embuena, V.; Górecki, R.; Phuntsho, S.; Helix-Nielsen, C.; Shon, H. K. Employing the Synergistic Effect Between Aquaporin Nanostructures and Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Separation Performance of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes. Desalination. 2021, 498, 114795. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114795.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akther, N.; Yuan, Z.; Chen, Y.; Lim, S.; Phuntsho, S.; Ghaffour, N.; Matsuyama, H.; Shon, H. Influence of Graphene Oxide Lateral Size on the Properties and Performances of Forward Osmosis Membrane. Desalination. 2020, 484, 114421. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114421.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain, H.; Kumar, A.; Rajput, V. D.; Minkina, T.; Verma, A. K.; Wadhwa, S.; Dhupper, R.; Chandra Garg, M.; Joshi, H. Fabrication and Characterization of High-Performance Forward-Osmosis Membrane by Introducing Manganese Oxide Incited Graphene Quantum Dots. J. Environ. Manage. 2022, 305, 114335. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghorbani, F.; Shakeri, A.; Ali Vafaei, M.; Salehi, H. Polyoxometalate-Cored Supramolecular Star Polymers as a Novel Crosslinker for Graphene Oxide-Based Forward Osmosis Membranes: Anti-Fouling, Super Hydrophilic and High Water Permeable. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2021, 267, 118578. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118578.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz, A. A.; Wong, K. C.; Goh, P. S.; Ismail, A. F.; Azelee, I. W. Tailoring the Surface Properties of Carbon Nitride Incorporated Thin Film Nanocomposite Membrane for Forward Osmosis Desalination. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2020, 33, 101005. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, Z.; Li, P.; Li, N.; Wang, W.; Guo, C.; Shan, M.; Qian, X. Constructing Dense and Hydrophilic Forward Osmosis Membrane by Cross-Linking Reaction of Graphene Quantum Dots with Monomers for Enhanced Selectivity and Stability. J. Colloid. Interface. Sci. 2021, 589, 486–499. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shawky, A. M.; Kotp, Y. H.; Mousa, M. A.; Aboelfadl, M. M. S.; Hekal, E. E. Desalination Performance of Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Based on Different Carbon Nanomaterials. Egypt. J. Chem. 2020, 63, 5161–5173. DOI: 10.21608/EJCHEM.2020.27083.2646.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavakol, I.; Hadadpour, S.; Shabani, Z.; Ahmadzadeh Tofighy, M.; Mohammadi, T.; Sahebi, S. Synthesis of Novel Thin Film Composite (TFC) Forward Osmosis (FO) Membranes Incorporated with Carboxylated Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2020, 8(6), 104614. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104614.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezaei-DashtArzhandi, M.; Sarrafzadeh, M. H.; Goh, P. S.; Lau, W. J.; Ismail, A. F.; Mohamed, M. A. Development of Novel Thin Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes Containing Halloysite/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanoparticles Towards Enhanced Desalination Performance. Desalination. 2018, 447, 18–28. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2018.08.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seyedpour, S. F.; Rahimpour, A.; Shamsabadi, A.; Soroush, M. Improved Performance and Antifouling Properties of Thin-Film Composite Polyamide Membranes Modified with Nano-Sized Bactericidal Graphene Quantum Dots for Forward Osmosis. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2018, 139, 321–334. DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.09.041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y.; Huang, M.; Chen, D.; Chen, G. Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Membrane for Enhanced Performance in Forward Osmosis Process. DEStech Trans. Environ. Energy Earth Sci. 2017, 458–462. DOI: 10.12783/dteees/icepe2017/11883.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, L.; Xiong, S.; Wang, Y. Graphene Oxide Incorporated Thin-Film Composite Membranes for Forward Osmosis Applications. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2016, 143, 194–205. DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.12.029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, M.; Wang, Y. -N.; Wang, R. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel High-Performance Thin Film Nanocomposite (TFN) FO Membranes with Nanofibrous Substrate Reinforced by Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Desalination. 2015, 370, 79–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.05.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales-Torres, S.; Esteves, C. M. P.; Figueiredo, J. L.; Silva, A. M. T. Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Based on Polysulfone Supports Blended with Nanostructured Carbon Materials. J. Memb. Sci. 2016, 520, 326–336. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.07.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, H.; Son, M.; Yoon, S.; Celik, E.; Kang, S.; Park, H.; Park, C. H.; Choi, H. Alginate Fouling Reduction of Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Blended Cellulose Acetate Membrane in Forward Osmosis. Chemosphere. 2015, 136, 204–210. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, S.; Smith, E. D.; Lin, S.; Martin, M.; He, Z. Mitigation of Bidirectional Solute Flux in Forward Osmosis via Membrane Surface Coating of Zwitterion Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Environ. Int. 2019, 131, 104970. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104970.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegab, H. M.; ElMekawy, A.; Barclay, T. G.; Michelmore, A.; Zou, L.; Saint, C. P.; Ginic-Markovic, M. Effective in-Situ Chemical Surface Modification of Forward Osmosis Membranes with Polydopamine-Induced Graphene Oxide for Biofouling Mitigation. Desalination. 2016, 385, 126–137. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soroush, A.; Ma, W.; Silvino, Y.; Rahaman, M. S. Surface Modification of Thin Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membrane by Silver-Decorated Graphene-Oxide Nanosheets. Environ. Sci. 2015, 2(4), 395–405. DOI: 10.1039/C5EN00086F.
   Google Scholar
• Fadaie, N.; Sheikhi, M.; Mohammadi, T.; Tofighy, M. A.; Rajabzadeh, S.; Sahebi, S. Novel Plasma Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) Incorporated in Forward Osmosis Substrate with Improved Performance and Tensile Strength. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9(4), 105708. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Z.; Hu, Y.; Boo, C.; Liu, Z.; Li, J.; Deng, L.; An, X. High-Performance Thin-Film Composite Membrane with an Ultrathin Spray-Coated Carbon Nanotube Interlayer, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. 2018, 5(5), 243–248. DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X.; Li, J.; Liu, C. A Novel TFC-Type FO Membrane with Inserted Sublayer of Carbon Nanotube Networks Exhibiting the Improved Separation Performance. Desalination. 2017, 413, 176–183. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2017.03.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, D.; Li, J.; Gao, B.; Chen, Y.; Wang, Z. Triple-Layered Thin Film Nanocomposite Membrane Toward Enhanced Forward Osmosis Performance. J. Memb. Sci. 2021, 620, 118879. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118879.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y.; Zhao, S.; Tian, E.; Ren, Y. Preparation and Characterization of Novel Forward Osmosis Membrane Incorporated with Sulfonated Carbon Nanotubes. R.S.C. Adv. 2018, 8(71), 41032–41039. DOI: 10.1039/C8RA08900K.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiraferri, A.; Vecitis, C. D.; Elimelech, M. Covalent Binding of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Polyamide Membranes for Antimicrobial Surface Properties. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2011, 3(8), 2869–2877. DOI: 10.1021/am200536p.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mokarizadeh, H.; Moayedfard, S.; Maleh, M. S.; Mohamed, S. I. G. P.; Nejati, S.; Esfahani, M. R. The Role of Support Layer Properties on the Fabrication and Performance of Thin-Film Composite Membranes: The Significance of Selective Layer-Support Layer Connectivity, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2021, 278, 119451. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119451.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perreault, F.; de Faria, A. F.; Nejati, S.; Elimelech, M. Antimicrobial Properties of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: Why Size Matters. ACS. Nano. 2015, 9(7), 7226–7236. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhavan, O.; Ghaderi, E. Toxicity of Graphene and Graphene Oxide Nanowalls Against Bacteria. ACS. Nano. 2010, 4(10), 5731–5736. DOI: 10.1021/nn101390x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu, Y.; Lv, M.; Xiu, P.; Huynh, T.; Zhang, M.; Castelli, M.; Liu, Z.; Huang, Q.; Fan, C.; Fang, H., et al. Destructive Extraction of Phospholipids from Escherichia coli Membranes by Graphene Nanosheets. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2013, 8, 594–601. DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daer, S.; Kharraz, J.; Giwa, A.; Hasan, S. W. Recent Applications of Nanomaterials in Water Desalination: A Critical Review and Future Opportunities. Desalination. 2015, 367, 37–48. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.03.030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faria, A. F.; Liu, C.; Xie, M.; Perreault, F.; Nghiem, L. D.; Ma, J.; Elimelech, M. Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Functionalized with Graphene Oxide–Silver Nanocomposites for Biofouling Control. J. Memb. Sci. 2017, 525, 146–156. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goh, P. S.; Ismail, A. F. Graphene-Based Nanomaterial: The State-Of-The-Art Material for Cutting Edge Desalination Technology. Desalination. 2015, 356, 115–128. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L.; Shi, G. -Z.; Qiu, S.; Cheng, L. -H.; Chen, H. -L. Preparation of High-Flux Thin Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes by Incorporating Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Desalin. Water. Treat. 2011, 34, 19–24. DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2011.2801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatanpour, V.; Esmaeili, M.; Farahani, H. D. A. Fouling Reduction and Retention Increment of Polyethersulfone Nanofiltration Membranes Embedded by Amine-Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. J. Memb. Sci. 2014, 466, 70–81. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.04.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X.; Wang, X.; Xiao, P.; Li, J.; Tian, E.; Zhao, Y.; Ren, Y. High Water Permeable Free-Standing Cellulose Triacetate/Graphene Oxide Membrane with Enhanced Antibiofouling and Mechanical Properties for Forward Osmosis, Colloids Surfaces a. Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2016, 508, 327–335. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.08.077.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amini, M.; Jahanshahi, M.; Rahimpour, A. Synthesis of Novel Thin Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Forward Osmosis Membranes Using Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. J. Memb. Sci. 2013, 435, 233–241. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goh, I.; Abdullah, N. Recent Progresses of Forward Osmosis Membranes Formulation and Design for Wastewater Treatment. Water. 2019, 11, 2043. DOI: 10.3390/w11102043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiraferri, A.; Yip, N. Y.; Phillip, W. A.; Schiffman, J. D.; Elimelech, M. Relating Performance of Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes to Support Layer Formation and Structure. J. Memb. Sci. 2011, 367, 340–352. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.11.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arjmandi, M.; Peyravi, M.; Altaee, A.; Arjmandi, A.; Pourafshari Chenar, M.; Jahanshahi, M.; Binaeian, E. A State-Of-The-Art Protocol to Minimize the Internal Concentration Polarization in Forward Osmosis Membranes. Desalination. 2020, 480, 114355. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114355.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, X.; Kohl, T. M.; Tsanaktsidis, J.; Xie, Z. Improved Performance and Mitigated Internal Concentration Polarization of Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membrane with Polysulfone/Polyaniline Substrate. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2021, 3, 5758–5766. DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yip, N. Y.; Tiraferri, A.; Phillip, W. A.; Schiffman, J. D.; Elimelech, M. High Performance Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membrane. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 3812–3818. DOI: 10.1021/es1002555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, P.; Liang, S.; Zhou, T.; Mei, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Umar, A.; Wang, Q. Layered Double Hydroxide/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Incorporated Polysulfone Substrate for Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes. R.S.C. Adv. 2016, 6, 56599–56609. DOI: 10.1039/C6RA10080E.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bui, N. N.; Lind, M. L.; Hoek, E. M. V.; McCutcheon, J. R. Electrospun Nanofiber Supported Thin Film Composite Membranes for Engineered Osmosis. J. Memb. Sci. 2011, 385–386. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bui, N. -N.; McCutcheon, J. R. Hydrophilic Nanofibers as New Supports for Thin Film Composite Membranes for Engineered Osmosis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 1761–1769. DOI: 10.1021/es304215g.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, M.; Qiu, C.; Liao, Y.; Chou, S.; Wang, R. Preparation of Polyamide Thin Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Using Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Nanofibers as Substrates, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2013, 118, 727–736. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.08.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, L.; McCutcheon, J. R. Hydrophilic Nylon 6,6 Nanofibers Supported Thin Film Composite Membranes for Engineered Osmosis. J. Memb. Sci. 2014, 457, 162–169. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.01.040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sukitpaneenit, P.; Chung, T. -S. High Performance Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Hollow Fiber Membranes with Macrovoid-Free and Highly Porous Structure for Sustainable Water Production. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 7358–7365. DOI: 10.1021/es301559z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, G.; Chung, T. -S.; Toriida, M.; Tamai, S. Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes with Novel Hydrophilic Supports for Desalination. J. Memb. Sci. 2012, 423–424. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.005.
   Google Scholar
• Haque, A.; Ramasetty, A. Theoretical Study of Stress Transfer in Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites, Compos. Struct. 2005, 71, 68–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.09.029.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, G. A.; Namilae, S.; Chandra, N. Load Transfer Issues in the Tensile and Compressive Behavior of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2006, 429, 66–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.04.110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, K.; Gu, M.; Guo, Y.; Pan, X.; Mu, G. Effects of Carbon Nanotube Functionalization on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Composites. Carbon. 2009, 47, 1723–1737. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.02.029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer, D. L.; Werber, J. R.; Jaramillo, H.; Lin, S.; Elimelech, M. Forward Osmosis: Where are We Now? Desalination. 2015, 356, 271–284. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Achilli, A.; Cath, T. Y.; Childress, A. E. Selection of Inorganic-Based Draw Solutions for Forward Osmosis Applications. J. Memb. Sci. 2010, 364, 233–241. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.08.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta, S.; Dave, P.; Nath, K. Performance of Low Pressure Nanofiltration Membrane in Forward Osmosis Using Magnesium Chloride as Draw Solute. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2020, 33, 101092. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101092.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta, S.; Nath, K. Feasibility of Forward Osmosis Using Ultra Low Pressure RO Membrane and Glauber Salt as Draw Solute for Wastewater Treatment. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2018, 6, 5635–5644. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2018.08.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick, P.; Pellegrino, J.; Mantovani, F.; Sarti, G. Water, Salt, and Ethanol Diffusion Through Membranes for Water Recovery by Forward (Direct) Osmosis Processes. J. Memb. Sci. 2008, 325, 467–478. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.08.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge, Q.; Su, J.; Amy, G. L.; Chung, T. S. Exploration of Polyelectrolytes as Draw Solutes in Forward Osmosis Processes. Water. Res. 2012, 46, 1318–1326. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phuntsho, S.; Shon, H. K.; Majeed, T.; El Saliby, I.; Vigneswaran, S.; Kandasamy, J.; Hong, S.; Lee, S. Blended Fertilizers as Draw Solutions for Fertilizer-Drawn Forward Osmosis Desalination. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 4567–4575. DOI: 10.1021/es300002w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta, S.; Nath, K. Dewatering of Brackish Water and Wastewater by an Integrated Forward Osmosis and Nanofiltration System for Direct Fertigation. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2019, 44, 9977–9986. DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-04102-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cath, T. Y.; Childress, A. E.; Elimelech, M. Forward Osmosis: Principles, Applications, and Recent Developments. J. Memb. Sci. 2006, 281, 70–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.05.048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Razmjou, A.; Barati, M. R.; Simon, G. P.; Suzuki, K.; Wang, H. Fast Deswelling of Nanocomposite Polymer Hydrogels via Magnetic Field-Induced Heating for Emerging FO Desalination. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 6297–6305. DOI: 10.1021/es4005152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta, S.; Nath, K. Prospect of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents as New Generation Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis Process. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2018, 21, 163–176. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.12.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta, S.; Dave, P.; Nath, K. Choline Chloride-Glycerol (1: 2 Mol) as Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis for Dewatering Purpose, Membr. Water. Treat. 2022, 13, 63–72. DOI: 10.12989/mwt.2022.13.2.063.
   Google Scholar
• Alejo, T.; Arruebo, M.; Carcelen, V., Monsalvo, M.; Sebastian, V.Advances in Draw Solutes for Forward Osmosis: Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanoparticles and Conventional Solutes. Chem. Eng. J. 2017, 309, 738–752. 10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Q.; Chen, N.; Zhao, D.; Lu, X. Thermoresponsive Magnetic Nanoparticles for Seawater Desalination. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2013, 5, 11453–11461. DOI: 10.1021/am403719s.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, A.; Luo, H.; Wang, Q.; Chen, L.; Zhang, T. C.; Tao, T. Magnetic Thermoresponsive Ionic Nanogels as Novel Draw Agents in Forward Osmosis. R.S.C. Adv. 2015, 5, 15359–15365. DOI: 10.1039/C4RA12102C.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayel, A.; Nasr, P.; Sewilam, H. Forward Osmosis Desalination Using Pectin-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Draw Solution. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy. 2019, 21, 1617–1628. DOI: 10.1007/s10098-019-01738-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Z.; Bai, H.; Lee, J.; Sun, D. D. A Low-Energy Forward Osmosis Process to Produce Drinking Water. Energy & Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 2582. DOI: 10.1039/c1ee01186c.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge, Q.; Su, J.; Chung, T. -S.; Amy, G. Hydrophilic Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance in Forward Osmosis Processes, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 382–388. DOI: 10.1021/ie101013w.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khazaie, F.; Sheshmani, S.; Shokrollahzadeh, S.; Shahvelayati, A. S. Desalination of Saline Water via Forward Osmosis Using Magnetic Nanoparticles Covalently Functionalized with Citrate Ions as Osmotic Agent. Environ. Technol. (United Kingdom). 2020, 0, 1–11. DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1866087.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, C.; Lee, J.; Schmucker, D.; Fortner, J. D. Highly Stable Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Functional Draw Solutes for Osmotically Driven Water Transport. Npj. Clean Water. 2020, 3, 1–6. DOI: 10.1038/s41545-020-0055-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ling, M. M.; Wang, K. Y.; Chung, T. -S. Highly Water-Soluble Magnetic Nanoparticles as Novel Draw Solutes in Forward Osmosis for Water Reuse. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49, 5869–5876. DOI: 10.1021/ie100438x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ling, M. M.; Chung, T. S. Surface-Dissociated Nanoparticle Draw Solutions in Forward Osmosis and the Regeneration in an Integrated Electric Field and Nanofiltration System, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51, 15463–15471. DOI: 10.1021/ie302331h.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey, P.; Izake, E. L. Magnetic Nanoparticles Boosting the Osmotic Efficiency of a Polymeric FO Draw Agent: Effect of Polymer Conformation. Desalination. 2015, 373, 79–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.07.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zufía-Rivas, J.; Morales, P.; Veintemillas-Verdaguer, S. Effect of the Sodium Polyacrylate on the Magnetite Nanoparticles Produced by Green Chemistry Routes: Applicability in Forward Osmosis. Nanomaterials. 2018, 8. DOI: 10.3390/nano8070470.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ban, I.; Markuš, S.; Gyergyek, S.; Drofenik, M.; Korenak, J.; Helix-Nielsen, C.; Petrinić, I. Synthesis of Poly-Sodium-Acrylate (PSA)-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Use in Forward Osmosis Draw Solutions. Nanomaterials. 2019, 9. DOI: 10.3390/nano9091238.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Na, Y.; Yang, S.; Lee, S. Evaluation of Citrate-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as Draw Solute for Forward Osmosis. Desalination. 2014, 347, 34–42. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khazaie, F.; Shokrollahzadeh, S.; Bide, Y.; Sheshmani, S.; Shahvelayati, A. S. Forward Osmosis Using Highly Water Dispersible Sodium Alginate Sulfate Coated-Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Innovative Draw Solution for Water Desalination. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 2021, 146, 789–799. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.12.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, H.; Liu, Z.; Sun, D. D. Highly Water Soluble and Recovered Dextran Coated fe3o 4 Magnetic Nanoparticles for Brackish Water Desalination, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2011, 81, 392–399. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.08.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabani, Z.; Rahimpour, A. Chitosan- and Dehydroascorbic Acid-Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and Their Potential as Draw Solute in Forward Osmosis Process, Iran. Polym. J.(english Ed). 2016, 25, 887–895. DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0474-0.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Y. -Q.; Ju, X. -J.; Pu, X. -Q.; Wen, S.; Liu, W. -Y.; Liu, Z.; Wang, W.; Xie, R.; Chu, L. -Y. Visual Detection of Trace Lead(ii) Using a Forward Osmosis-Driven Device Loaded with Ion-Responsive Nanogels. J. Hazard. Mater. 2021, 404, 124157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shakeri, A.; Salehi, H.; Khankeshipour, N.; Nakhjiri, M. T.; Ghorbani, F. Magnetic Nanoparticle-Crosslinked Ferrohydrogel as a Novel Class of Forward Osmosis Draw Agent. J. Nanoparticle Res. 2018, 20. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-018-4437-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amjad, M.; Gardy, J.; Hassanpour, A.; Wen, D. Novel Draw Solution for Forward Osmosis Based Solar Desalination, Appl. Energy. 2018, 230, 220–231. DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shakeri, A.; Nakhjiri, M. T.; Salehi, H.; Ghorbani, F.; Khankeshipour, N. Preparation of Polymer-Carbon Nanotubes Composite Hydrogel and Its Application as Forward Osmosis Draw Agent. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2018, 24, 42–48. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.04.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazari, R.; Aghababaie, M.; Razmjou, A.; Landarani-Isfahani, A.; Amini, M.; Hajjari, M.; Mirkhani, V.; Moghadam, M.; Taheri-Kafrani, A. Multifunctional Hyperbranched Polyglycerol-Grafted Silica-Encapsulated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Novel and Reusable Draw Agents in Forward Osmosis Process, Desalin. Water. Treat. 2017, 64, 81–89. DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2017.20127.
   Google Scholar
• Ling, M. M.; Chung, T. -S. Desalination Process Using Super Hydrophilic Nanoparticles via Forward Osmosis Integrated with Ultrafiltration Regeneration. Desalination. 2011, 278, 194–202. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, D.; Wang, P.; Zhao, Q.; Chen, N.; Lu, X. Thermoresponsive Copolymer-Based Draw Solution for Seawater Desalination in a Combined Process of Forward Osmosis and Membrane Distillation. Desalination. 2014, 348, 26–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.06.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafiee, F.; Tajfar, N.; Mohammadnejad, M. The Synthesis and Efficiency Investigation of a Boronic Acid-Modified Magnetic Chitosan Quantum Dot Nanocomposite in the Detection of Cu2+ Ions. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2021, 189, 477–482. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panda, S.; Paital, B.; Mohapatra, S. CQD@γ-Fe2O3 Multifunctional Nanoprobe for Selective Fluorescence Sensing, Detoxification and Removal of Hg(ii), Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical. Eng. Asp, 2020, 589, 124445. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124445
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suwaileh, W.; Pathak, N.; Shon, H.; Hilal, N. Forward Osmosis Membranes and Processes: A Comprehensive Review of Research Trends and Future Outlook. Desalination. 2020, 485, 114455. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114455.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pendergast, M. M.; Nowosielski-Slepowron, M. S.; Tracy, J. Going Big with Forward Osmosis, Desalin. Water. Treat. 2016, 57, 26529–26538. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2016.1168581.
   Google Scholar
• ForwardOsmosisTech. Update: Forward Water Technologies’ Industrial Scale Pilot Plant is Demonstrating Low Energy ZLD, https://www.forwardosmosistech.com/. Accessed Dec. 13, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Forward osmosis desalination. Dec. 12, 2022. https://www.modernwater.com/consulted
   Google Scholar
• Freyberg, T. Dec 10, 2022. https://www.waterworld.com/home/article/16203004/trevi-systems-reports-lowest-energy-use-from-forward-osmosis-desalination-trial-in-abu-dhabi.
   Google Scholar