Publication Cover
LEUKOS
The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society
Volume 20, 2024 - Issue 3
336
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Assessment of Window Size and Layout Impact on a View Quality Perception in a Virtual Reality Environment

ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon
Pages 239-260 | Received 15 Mar 2023, Accepted 11 Aug 2023, Published online: 24 Oct 2023

References

  • Abd-Alhamid F, Kent M, Bennett C, Calautit J, Wu Y. 2019. Developing an innovative method for visual perception evaluation in a physical-based virtual environment. Build Environ. 162:106278.
  • Abd-Alhamid F, Kent M, Calautit J, Wu Y. 2020. Evaluating the impact of viewing location on view perception using a virtual environment. Build Environ. 180:106932.
  • Abd-Alhamid F, Kent M, Wu Y. 2023. Quantifying window view quality: a review on view perception assessment and representation methods. Build Environ. 227:109742.
  • Acosta I, Campano MÁ, Molina JF. 2016. Window design in architecture: analysis of energy savings for lighting and visual comfort in residential spaces. Appl Energ. 168:493–506.
  • Alvarsson JJ, Wiens S, Nilsson ME. 2010. Stress recovery during exposure to nature sound and environmental noise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 7(3):1036–1046.
  • Aries MBC, Veitch JA, Newsham GR. 2010. Windows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort. J Environ Psychol. 30(4):533–541.
  • Baker N, Fanchiotti A, Steemers K. 1993. Daylighting in architecture–a European reference book. Commission of the European communities, directorate–general XII for science research and development. London: Research and Development, James & James Ltd.
  • Berry MS, Repke MA, Nickerson NP, Conway LG III, Odum AL, Jordan KE. 2015. Making time for nature: visual exposure to natural environments lengthens subjective time perception and reduces impulsivity. PloS One. 10(11):e0141030.
  • Blehm C, Vishnu S, Khattak A, Mitra S, Yee RW. 2005. Computer vision syndrome: a review. Surv Ophthalmol. 50(3):253–262.
  • Boubekri M, Hull RB, Boyer LL. 1991. Impact of window size and sunlight penetration on office workers’ mood and satisfaction: a novel way of assessing sunlight. Environ Behav. 23(4):474–493.
  • Bouchard S, Robillard G, Giroux I, Jacques C, Loranger C, St-Pierre M, Chrétien M, Goulet A. 2017. Using virtual reality in the treatment of gambling disorder: the development of a new tool for cognitive behavior therapy. Front Psychiatry. 8(27):2.
  • Boyce P, Hunter C, Howlett O. 2003. The benefits of daylight through windows. Troy (NY): Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
  • Braithwaite JJ, Watson DG, Jones R, Rowe M. 2013. A guide for analysing electrodermal activity (EDA) & skin conductance responses (SCRs) for psychological experiments. Psychophysiology. 49(1):1017–1034.
  • BREEAM. 2018. BREEAM new construction 2018. Watford,UK: BRE Global Ltd.
  • Bush LK, Hess U, Wolford G. 1993. Transformations for within-subject designs: a Monte Carlo investigation. Psychol Bull. 113(3):566.
  • Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Berntson G. 2007. Handbook of psychophysiology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carlucci S, Causone F, Rosa FD, Pagliano L. 2015. A review of indices for assessing visual comfort with a view to their use in optimization processes to support building integrated design. Renew Sust Energy Rev. 47:1016–1033.
  • Cetegen D, Veitch J, Newsham G. 2008. View size and office illuminance effects on employee satisfaction. In: Proceedings of Balkan light, Ljubljana, Slovenia. 242–252.
  • Chamilothori K, Chinazzo G, Rodrigues J, Dan-Glauser ES, Wienold J, Andersen M. 2019. Subjective and physiological responses to façade and sunlight pattern geometry in virtual reality. Build Environ. 150:144–155.
  • Chamilothori K, Wienold J, Andersen M. 2018. Adequacy of immersive virtual reality for the perception of daylit spaces: comparison of real and virtual environments. LEUKOS. 15:1–24.
  • Chang C-Y, Chen P-K. 2005. Human response to window views and indoor plants in the workplace. HortScience. 40(5):1354–1359.
  • Cho D, Ham J, Oh J, Park J, Kim S, Lee N-K, Lee B. 2017. Detection of stress levels from biosignals measured in virtual reality environments using a kernel-based extreme learning machine. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). 17(10):2435.
  • Dashwood T. 2011. A beginner’s guide to shooting stereoscopic 3D. Toronto, canada: Dashwood Cinema Solutions.
  • Dawson ME, Schell AM, Filion DL. 2007. The electrodermal system. Handb Psychophysiol. 2:200–223.
  • Dogrusoy IT, Tureyen M. 2007. A field study on determination of preferences for windows in office environments. Build Environ. 42(10):3660–3668.
  • Elias MF, Torres RV. 2017. The renaissance of heart rate variability as a predictor of cognitive functioning. Am J Hypertens. 31(1):21–23.
  • Farley KM, Veitch JA. 2001. A room with a view: a review of the effects of windows on work and well-being.
  • Ferguson CJ. 2009. An effect size primer: a guide for clinicians and researchers. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 40(5):532.
  • Ferré S, O’Brien MC. 2011. Alcohol and caffeine: the perfect storm. J Caffeine Res. 1(3):153–162.
  • Field A. 2013. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Los Angeles, USA: Sage.
  • Field A, Hole G. 2002. How to design and report experiments. London, UK: Sage Ltd.
  • Flor J-F, Aburas M, Abd-AlHamid F, Wu Y. 2020. Virtual reality as a tool for evaluating user acceptance of view clarity through ETFE double-skin façades. Energy Buildings. 231:110554.
  • Fontenelle MR, Bastos LEG. 2014. The multicriteria approach in the architecture conception: defining windows for an office building in Rio de Janeiro. Build Environ. 74:96–105.
  • Fotios S, Cheal C. 2007. Lighting for subsidiary streets: investigation of lamps of different SPD. Part 1—visual performance. Light Res Technol. 39(3):215–232.
  • Garretón JY, Rodriguez R, Pattini A. 2016. Effects of perceived indoor temperature on daylight glare perception. Build Res Inf. 44(8):907–919.
  • Geng Y, Hong B, Du M, Yuan T, Wang Y. 2022. Combined effects of visual-acoustic-thermal comfort in campus open spaces: a pilot study in China’s cold region. Build Environ. 209:108658.
  • Girden ER. 1992. ANOVA: repeated measures. SAGE Publications, Inc. doi:10.4135/9781412983419.
  • Goia F. 2016. Search for the optimal window-to-wall ratio in office buildings in different European climates and the implications on total energy saving potential. Sol Energy. 132:467–492.
  • Gottschalk LA, Bechtel RJ, Maguire GA, Harrington DE, Levinson DM, Franklin DL, Carcamo D. 2000. Computerized measurement of cognitive impairment and associated neuropsychiatric dimensions. Compr Psychiatry. 41(5):326–333.
  • Guidolin E. 2014. Impact of window amount and size on user perception, daylighting and energy demand in an office space [thesis]. University of Padua.
  • Hashizume A, Kurosu M, Kaneko T. 2007. Multi-window system and the working memory. In: International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, Beijing, China. Springer.
  • Heerwagen J, Orians G. 1990. The psychological aspects of windows and window design. California, USA: EDRA.
  • Heschong L. 2003a. Windows and classrooms: a study of student performance and the indoor environment. Calif Energy Commission. 4:414–435.
  • Heschong L. 2003b. Windows and offices: a study of office worker performance and the indoor environment. Calif Energy Commission. 1–5.
  • Higuera-Trujillo JL, Maldonado JL-T, Millán CL. 2017. Psychological and physiological human responses to simulated and real environments: a comparison between photographs, 360 panoramas, and virtual reality. Appl Ergon. 65:398–409.
  • Holm S. 1979. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Stat. 6(2):65–70.
  • Inanici M. 2006. Evaluation of high dynamic range photography as a luminance data acquisition system. Light Res Technol. 38(2):123–134.
  • Iwata T, Tokura M. 1998. Examination of the limitations of predicted glare sensation vote (PGSV) as a glare index for a large source: towards a comprehensive development of discomfort glare evaluation. Int J Light Res Technol. 30(2):81–88.
  • Kaplan S. 1995. The restorative benefits of nature: toward an integrative framework. J Environ Psychol. 15(3):169–182.
  • Karthikeyan P, Murugappan M, Yaacob S. 2011. A review on stress inducement stimuli for assessing human stress using physiological signals. In: Signal Processing and its Applications (cspa), 2011 IEEE 7th International Colloquium on, Penang, Malaysia. IEEE.
  • Keighley EC. 1973a. Visual requirements and reduced fenestration in office buildings — a study of window shape. Buil Sci. 8(4):311–320.
  • Keighley EC. 1973b. Visual requirements and reduced fenestration in offices — a study of multiple apertures and window area. Buil Sci. 8(4):321–331.
  • Kennedy RS, Lane NE, Berbaum KS, Lilienthal MG. 1993. Simulator sickness questionnaire: an enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. Int J Aviat Psychol. 3(3):203–220.
  • Kent M, Schiavon S. 2020. Evaluation of the effect of landscape distance seen in window views on visual satisfaction. Build Environ. 183:107160.
  • Kent MG, Schiavon S, Jakubiec JA. 2020. A dimensionality reduction method to select the most representative daylight illuminance distributions. J Buil Perf Simul. 13(1):122–135.
  • Kim J, Cha SH, Koo C, Tang S-K. 2018. The effects of indoor plants and artificial windows in an underground environment. Build Environ. 138:53–62.
  • Kim J, Kent M, Kral K, Dogan T. 2022. Seemo: a new tool for early design window view satisfaction evaluation in residential buildings. Build Environ. 214:108909.
  • Ko WH, Kent MG, Schiavon S, Levitt B, Betti G. 2021. A window view quality assessment framework. LEUKOS. 18:1–26.
  • Ko WH, Kent MG, Schiavon S, Levitt B, Betti G. 2022. A window view quality assessment framework. LEUKOS. 18(3):268–293.
  • Kolmogorov A. 1933. Sulla determinazione empirica di una lgge di distribuzione. Inst Ital Attuari Giorn. 4:83–91.
  • Lambooij M, IJsselsteijn W, Bouwhuis DG, Heynderickx I. 2011. Evaluation of stereoscopic images: beyond 2D quality. IEEE Trans Broadcast. 57(2):432–444.
  • Leather P, Pyrgas M, Beale D, Lawrence C. 1998. Windows in the workplace: sunlight, view, and occupational stress. Environ Behav. 30(6):739–762.
  • Lee JW, Jung HJ, Park JY, Lee JB, Yoon Y. 2013. Optimization of building window system in Asian regions by analyzing solar heat gain and daylighting elements. Renew Energ. 50:522–531.
  • Legge GE, Bigelow CA. 2011. Does print size matter for reading? A review of findings from vision science and typography. J Vis. 11(5):8–8.
  • Liang R. 2018. Development of an adaptive façade for visual comfort, daylight and thermal control element. Nottingham. UK: University of Nottingham.
  • Liang R, Kent M, Wilson R, Wu Y. 2019. Development of experimental methods for quantifying the human response to chromatic glazing. Build Environ. 147:199–210.
  • Lin IM, Fan S-Y, Lu Y-H, Lee C-S, Wu K-T, Ji H-J. 2015. Exploring the blood volume amplitude and pulse transit time during anger recall in patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiol. 65(1):50–56.
  • Lin T-Y, Le A-V, Chan Y-C. 2022. Evaluation of window view preference using quantitative and qualitative factors of window view content. Build Environ. 213:108886.
  • Lindal PJ, Hartig T. 2013. Architectural variation, building height, and the restorative quality of urban residential streetscapes. J Environ Psychol. 33:26–36.
  • Lindal PJ, Hartig T. 2015. Effects of urban street vegetation on judgments of restoration likelihood. Urban For Urban Green. 14(2):200–209.
  • Liu D, Kovacs-Biro MJ, Connelly K, Abd-AlHamid F, Wu Y. 2023. Preliminary investigation on the human response to patterned chromatic glazing. Build Environ. 229:109901.
  • Low A, McCraty R. 2018. Heart rate variability: new perspectives on assessment of stress and health risk at the workplace. Heart And Mind. 2(1):16.
  • Ludlow A. 1976. The functions of windows in buildings. Light Res Technol. 8(2):57–68.
  • Manasrah A, Al Zyoud A, Abdelhafez E. 2021. Effect of color and nano film filters on the performance of solar photovoltaic module. Energy Sources Part A. 43(6):705–715.
  • Mari MST, Odat MSS, Al-Shammari MSA. 2020. Energy performance analysis of passive design strategies for the green affordable homes project in Jordan. J Eng. 8(2):72–80.
  • Markus TA. 1967. The function of windows— a reappraisal. Buil Sci. 2(2):97–121.
  • Masoudinejad S, Hartig T. 2018. Window view to the sky as a restorative resource for residents in densely populated cities. Environ Behav. 52(4):401–436.
  • Moscoso C, Chamilothori K, Wienold J, Andersen M, Matusiak B. 2021. Regional differences in the perception of daylit scenes across Europe using virtual reality. Part I: effects of window size. LEUKOS. 18:1–22.
  • Ne’Eman E, Hopkinson RG. 1970. Critical minimum acceptable window size: a study of window design and provision of a view. Light Res Technol. 2(1):17–27.
  • New House Internet Services B.V. 1996. Ptguipro software. Rotterdam (The Netherlands): New House Internet Services B.V.
  • Nordh H, Hartig T, Hagerhall CM, Fry G. 2009. Components of small urban parks that predict the possibility for restoration. Urban For Urban Green. 8(4):225–235.
  • Ochoa CE, Aries MB, van Loenen EJ, Hensen JL. 2012. Considerations on design optimization criteria for windows providing low energy consumption and high visual comfort. Appl Energ. 95:238–245.
  • Ode Å, Hagerhall CM, Sang N. 2010. Analysing visual landscape complexity: theory and application. Landscape Res. 35(1):111–131.
  • Peel MC, Finlayson BL, McMahon TA. 2007. Updated world map of the köppen-Geiger climate classification.
  • Pehlivanoğlu B, Durmazlar N, Balkancı D. 2005. Computer adapted Stroop colour-word conflict test as a laboratory stress model. Erciyes Med J. 27(2):58–63.
  • Peltola MA. 2012. Role of editing of R-R intervals in the analysis of heart rate variability. Front Physiol. 3:148–148.
  • Reinhard E, Stark M, Shirley P, Ferwerda J. 2002. Photographic tone reproduction for digital images. ACM Trans Graphics (TOG). 21(3):267–276.
  • Renaud P, Blondin J-P. 1997. The stress of Stroop performance: physiological and emotional responses to color–word interference, task pacing, and pacing speed. Int J Psychophysiol. 27(2):87–97.
  • Shaffer F, Ginsberg JP. 2017. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Front Public Health. 5:258–258.
  • Shapiro SS, Wilk MB. 1965. An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika. 52(3/4):591–611.
  • Sherif A, Sabry H, Wagdy A, Mashaly I, Arafa R. 2016. Shaping the slats of hospital patient room window blinds for daylighting and external view under desert clear skies. Sol Energy. 133:1–13.
  • Society for Psychophysiological Research Ad Hoc Committee On Electrodermal, M. 2012. Publication recommendations for electrodermal measurements. Psychophysiology. 49(8):1017–1034.
  • Solimini AG, Mannocci A, Di Thiene D, La Torre G. 2012. A survey of visually induced symptoms and associated factors in spectators of three dimensional stereoscopic movies. BMC Public Health. 12(1):779.
  • Svetlak M, Bob P, Cernik M, Kukleta M. 2010. Electrodermal complexity during the Stroop colour word test. Auton Neurosci. 152(1–2):101–107.
  • Tabrizian P, Baran PK, Smith WR, Meentemeyer RK. 2018. Exploring perceived restoration potential of urban green enclosure through immersive virtual environments. J Environ Psychol. 55:99–109.
  • Thompson ER. 2007. Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). J Cross Cult Psychol. 38(2):227–242.
  • Tomaka J, Blascovich J, Swart L. 1994. Effects of vocalization on cardiovascular and electrodermal responses during mental arithmetic. Int J Psychophysiol. 18(1):23–33.
  • Tong Y, Melara RD. 2007. Behavioral and electrophysiological effects of distractor variation on auditory selective attention. Brain Res. 1166:110–123.
  • Tregenza P, Loe D. 1998. The design of lighting. London: published by E&FN SPON.
  • Ulrich RS. 1984. View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Sci. 224(4647):420–421.
  • Ulrich RS, Simons RF, Losito BD, Fiorito E, Miles MA, Zelson M. 1991. Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. J Environ Psychol. 11(3):201–230.
  • Valtchanov D, Barton KR, Ellard C. 2010. Restorative effects of virtual nature settings. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 13(5):503–512.
  • West M. 1985. Landscape virsus and stress response in the prison environment [ MLA thesis]. Washington (DC): Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Washington.
  • Wienold J, Christoffersen J. 2006. Evaluation methods and development of a new glare prediction model for daylight environments with the use of CCD cameras. Energy Buildings. 38(7):743–757.
  • Yang Q, Liu M, Shu C, Mmereki D, Hossain U, Zhan X. 2015. Impact analysis of window-wall ratio on heating and cooling energy consumption of residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone in China. J Eng. 2015:1–17.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.