References
- Abrahms, M. (2006). Why Terrorism does not work. International Security, 31(2), 42–78. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.2006.31.2.42
- Abrahms, M. (2012). The political effectiveness of Terrorism revisited. Comparative Political Studies, 45(3), 366–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414011433104
- Ackerman, G. A. (2014). More Bang for the Buck: Examining the Determinants of Terrorist Adoption of New Weapons Technologies [ Doctoral Thesis, King’s College London]. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/more-bang-for-the-buck-examining-the-determinants-of-terrorist-adoption-of-new-weapons-technologies(992afd2a-bdeb-46b2-8cb7-cd29d77ebd64).html
- Ackerman, G. A. (2015). The theoretical underpinnings of terrorist innovation decisions. In M. Ranstorp & M. Normark (Eds.), Understanding terrorism innovation and learning: Al-qaeda and beyond (pp. 23–64). Routledge.
- Adams, G. (2012). Cage Eleven.Brandon.
- Bale, J. M. (2018). The darkest side of politics. Post-War fascism, covert operations, and Terrorism. Routledge.
- Beach, D. (2017). Process-tracing methods in social science. In D. Beach (Ed.), Oxford research encyclopedia of politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.176.
- Bishop, P., & Mallie, E. (1988). The Provisional IRA. Corgi Books.
- Brigate Rosse (1971). I nostri punti di riferimento sono il marxismo-leninismo, la rivoluzione culturale cinese e l’esperienza in atto dei movimenti guerriglieri metropolitani! https://www.albadeifuneralidiunostato.org/download/1971-i-nostri-punti-di-riferimento-sono/
- Brigate Rosse (1972). Volantino “Macchiarini.” http://www.bibliotecamarxista.org/brigate%20rosse/1972/volantino%20macchiarini.htm
- Brigate Rosse (1973). Autointervista—Seconda intervista a se stessi. http://www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/autointervista-seconda-intervista-a-se-stessi/
- Brigate Rosse (1974a). Comunicato n.1—Sequestro Sossi. http://www.archivio900.it/it/documenti/doc.aspx?id=352
- Brigate Rosse (1974b). Contro il Neogollismo portare l’attaco al cuore dello Stato. http://www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/contro-il-neogollismo-portare-lattacco-al-cuore-dello-stato/
- Brigate Rosse (1975a). Comunicato in occasione della morte di Margherita Cagol. http://www.archivio900.it/it/documenti/doc.aspx?id=363
- Brigate Rosse (1975b). Risoluzione della direzione strategica aprile 1975. www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/risoluzione-della-direzione-strategica-aprile-1975/
- Brigate Rosse (1976). Rivendicazione azione contro Francesco Coco. http://www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/rivendicazione-azione-contro-francesco-coco/
- Brigate Rosse - Unione dei Comunisti Combattenti. (1985). Unione dei Comunisti Combattenti – manifesto e tesi di fondazione. http://www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/unione-dei-comunisti-combattenti-manifesto-e-tesi-di-fondazione-ottobre-1985/
- Brigate Rosse - Partito Guerriglia. (1981). Tesi di fondazione del Partito Guerriglia. http://www.sebbenchesiamodonne.it/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/BrPg_Tesifondazione_1.pdf
- Caselli, G. C., & Della Porta, D. (1991). The history of the Red Brigades: Organizational structures and strategies of Action (1970-82). In R. Catanzaro (Ed.), The red brigades and left-wing terrorism in Italy (pp. 70–114). Pinter.
- Christensen, C. M. (2004). Seeing what’s next. Harvard Business School Press.
- Clark, R. P. (1984). The Basque insurgents: ETA, 1952-1980. The University of Winconsin Press.
- Crenshaw, M. (1981). The causes of Terrorism. Comparative Politics, 13(4), 379–399. https://doi.org/10.2307/421717
- Crenshaw, M. (1991). How terrorism declines. Terrorism And Political Violence, 3(1), 69–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546559108427093
- Crenshaw, M. (2010). Innovation: Decision Points in the Trajectory of Terrorism (Workshop Report ASCO 2010-01; Terrorist innovations in weapons of Mass Effect: Preconditions, causes, and predictive indicators, pp. 35–50). Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Advanced Systems and Concepts Office. https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=9908
- Cronin, A. K. (2006). How al-qaida ends: The decline and demise of terrorist groups. International Security, 31(1), 7–48. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.2006.31.1.7
- Cronin, A. K. (2020). Power to the people: How open technological innovation is arming tomorrow’s terrorists. Oxford University Press.
- Dershowitz, A. M. (2002). Why Terrorism works: Understanding the threat, responding to the challenge. Yale University Press.
- Dillon, M. (1990). The dirty War. Arrow Books.
- Dolnik, A. (2007). Understanding terrorist innovation: Technology, tactics and global trends. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
- Drake, R. (1989). The revolutionary mystique and Terrorism in contemporary Italy. Indiana University Press.
- English, R. (2012). Armed struggle: The history of the IRA (2nd ed.). Pan Books.
- ETA. (1963). II Batzarra. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. http://www.abertzalekomunista.net/images/Liburu_PDF/MLNV/II_BATZARRA/ETAren-II-Batzarra-1963.pdf
- ETA. (1965). IV Batzarra. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. http://www.abertzalekomunista.net/images/Liburu_PDF/MLNV/IV_BATZARRA/ETAren-IV-Batzarra-1965.pdf
- ETA. (2018). Declaración final de ETA al Pueblo Vasco. https://www.hdcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ETA-declaration-Spanish.pdf
- ETA, V. (1971). Zutik! 58 Ageria Comunicado. Euskal Herria. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. http://www.abertzalekomunista.net/images/Liburu_PDF/MLNV/VI_BATZARRA/ZUTIK_58zk-Agiria-Comunicado.pdf
- Extracts from a briefing document prepared for G. FitzGerald. (1986). NAI; National Archives of Ireland. https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/nai/1986/nai_TSCH-2016-52-51_1986-nd_a.pdf
- Faria, J. R. (2006). Terrorist innovations and anti-terrorist policies. Terrorism And Political Violence, 18(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/095465591009377
- Fasanella, G., & Franceschini, A. (2007). Che cosa sono le BR: le radici, la nascita, la storia, il presente. Rizzol-Bur.
- Frisch, H. (2011). Insurgencies are organizations too: Organizational structure and the effectiveness of insurgent strategy. Peace & Conflict Rev, 6(1), 1–23.
- Gaizka, F. (2017). The origins of ETA: Between francoism and democracy, 1958-1981. In R. Leonisio; F. Molina, & D. Muro (Eds.), Eta’s terrorist campaign: From violence to politics, 1968-2015 (pp. 19–34). Routledge.
- Gartenstein-Ross, D., Clarke, C. P., & Matt, S. (2020). Terrorists And Technological Innovation. Lawfare. https://www.lawfareblog.com/terrorists-and-technological-innovation
- Gartenstein-Ross, D., & Joscelyn, T. (2022). Enemies near and far: How jihadist groups strategize, plot, and learn. Columbia University Press.
- Gill, P. (2017). Tactical innovation and the Provisional Irish Republican Army. Studies In Conflict & Terrorism, 40(7), 573–585. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2016.1237221
- Gill, P., Horgan, J., Hunter, S. T., & Cushenbery L, D. (2013). Malevolent Creativity in Terrorist Organizations. The Journal Of Creative Behavior, 47(2), 125–151. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.28
- Gray, P. W. (2013). Leaderless resistance, networked organization, and Ideological Hegemony. Terrorism And Political Violence, 25(5), 655–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2012.674077
- Grissom, A. (2006). The future of military innovation studies. Journal of Strategic Studies, 29(5), 905–934. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390600901067
- Hafez, M. M., & Rasmussen, M. (2010). Terrorist Innovations in Weapons of Mass Effect: Preconditions, Causes, and Predictive Indicators (Workshop Report ASCO 2010-01.). Defense threat reduction agency, advanced systems and concepts Office. Report Number ASCO 2010-01. https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=9908
- Hafez, M. M., & Rasmussen, M. (2012). Terrorist Innovations in Weapons of Mass Effect, Phase II (Workshop Report 2012 003). Defense threat reduction agency, advanced systems and concepts Office. Report Number ASCO 2010-01. https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=709612
- Hargadon, A. (2003). How breakthroughs happen: The surprising truth about how companies innovate. Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation.
- Harmon, C. C. (2001). Five strategies of Terrorism. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 12(3), 39–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/714005398
- Higgins, J. M., & McAllaster, C. (2004). If you want strategic change, don’t forget to change your cultural artifacts. Journal of Change Management, 4(1), 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/1469701032000154926
- Horgan, J., & Taylor, M. (1997). The provisional Irish republican army: Command and functional structure. Terrorism And Political Violence, 9(3), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546559708427413
- Jackson, B. A. (2001). Technology acquisition by terrorist groups: Threat assessment informed by lessons from private sector technology adoption. Studies In Conflict & Terrorism, 24(3), 183–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/10576100151130270
- Jackson, B. A. (2005). Aptitude for destruction. RAND Corporation.
- Jamieson, A. (1989). The Heart attacked: Terrorism and conflict in the Italian State. Marion Boyars.
- Kfir, I. (2021). Innovating to survive, a look at how extremists adapt to counterterrorism. Studies In Conflict & Terrorism, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1926069
- Kydd, A. H., & Walter, B. F. (2006). The strategies of Terrorism. International Security, 31(1), 49–80. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.2006.31.1.49
- Lake, D. A. (2002). Rational extremism: Understanding Terrorism in the twenty-first century. Dialog-I), 1, 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S777777770200002X
- Llera, F. J., Mata, J. M., & Irvin, C. L. (1993). ETA: From secret army to social movement – the post‐Franco schism of the Basque nationalist movement. Terrorism And Political Violence, 5(3), 106–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546559308427222
- Logan, M. K., Damadzic, A., Medeiros, K., Ligon, G. S., & Derrick, D. C. (2023). Constraints to malevolent innovation in terrorist attacks. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 17(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000385
- Lubrano, M. (2021). Navigating terrorist innovation: A proposal for a conceptual framework on how terrorists innovate. Terrorism And Political Violence. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2021.1903440
- Madariaga, J. (1964). La Insurrección en Euskadi. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. http://www.abertzalekomunista.net/images/Liburu_PDF/MLNV/III_BATZARRA/DOC-La_insurreccion_en_Euskadi_1964.pdf
- Mahoney, C. W. (2018). End of the cycle: Assessing ETA’s strategies of terrorism. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 29(5–6), 916–940. https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2018.1519300
- Markides, C. (1997). Strategic innovation. Sloan Management Review. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/strategic-innovation/
- McGladdery, G. (2006). The Provisional IRA in England. The bombing campaigns 1973-1997. Irish Academic Press.
- McKearney, T. (2011). The Provisional IRA. From insurrection to parliament. Pluto Press Ireland.
- Merari, A. (1993). Terrorism as a strategy of insurgency. Terrorism And Political Violence, 5(4), 213–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546559308427227
- Ministero degli Interni - Direzione Generale Sicurezza Interna. (1974). Brigate rosse. Modus operandi. Oriolo Romano (VT), Italy: Archivio Flamigni.
- Moghadam, A. (2013). How Al Qaeda Innovates. Security Studies, 22(3), 466–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2013.816123
- Moloney, E. (2007). A secret history of the IRA (2nd ed.). Penguin Books.
- Moretti, M., Mosca, C., & Rossanda, R. (2007). Brigate rosse. Una storia italiana.Mondadori.
- Muro, D. (2008). Ethnicity and violence: The case of radical Basque nationalism. Routledge.
- Muro, D. (2019). When does Terrorism work? (extremism and democracy). Routledge.
- Neumann, P. R., & Smith, M. L. R. (2008). The strategy of Terrorism: How it works, and Why it fails. Routledge.
- New, I. R. A. (2022). Armed Groups Issue Easter Statements. https://republican-news.org/current/news/2022/04/armed_groups_issue_easter_stat.html
- Phillips, B. J. (2017). Do 90 percent of terrorist groups Last Less than a Year? Updating the conventional wisdom. Terrorism And Political Violence, 31(6), 1255–1265.
- Pouliot, V. (2007). “Sobjectivism”: Toward a constructivist methodology. International Studies Quarterly, 51(2), 359–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2007.00455.x
- Pouliot, V. (2015). Practice tracing. In A. Bennett & J. T. Checkel (Eds.), Process tracing: From metaphor to analytic tool (pp. 237–259). Cambridge University Press.
- Provisional, I. R. A. (1977a). Staff Report . https://alphahistory.com/northernireland/provisional-ira-staff-report-1977/
- Punto y Hora (1982, January 29). Polis-milis: La Tregua de la Discordia. In Punto y Hora de Euskal Herria, 251. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. https://www.euskalmemoriadigitala.eus/applet/libros/JPG/212790/1982_01_29/212790_1982_01_29.pdf
- Punto y Hora (1984, July 13). Asi Nacio ETA. In Punto y Hora de Euskal Herria, 357. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. https://www.euskalmemoriadigitala.eus/applet/libros/JPG/212790/1984_07_13/212790_1984_07_13.pdf
- Punto y Hora (1988, June 1). Txabi Extebarrieta: Bidea erakutsi zuen gidaria. In Punto y Hora de Euskal Herria, 518. Fondo Documental Euskal Herriko Komunistak. https://www.euskalmemoriadigitala.eus/applet/libros/JPG/212790/1988_06_01/212790_1988_06_01.pdf
- Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Pres.
- Sánchez-Cuenca, I. (2007). The dynamics of nationalist Terrorism: ETA and the IRA. Terrorism And Political Violence, 19(3), 289–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546550701246981
- Sánchez-Cuenca, I. (2010). The persistence of nationalist Terrorism: The case of ETA. In K. Mulaj, (Ed.), Violent non-state actors in world politics (pp. 69–92). Hurst.
- Schlegelmilch, B. B., Diamantopoulos, A., & Kreuz, P. (2003). Strategic innovation: The construct, its drivers and its strategic outcomes. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 11(2), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254032000102948
- Senato della Repubblica - Camera dei Deputati . 1983. Relazione della commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sulla strage di Via Fani, sul sequestro e l’assassinio di Aldo Moro e sul terrorismo in Italia. VIII Leg, Doc XXII, no. 5, vol. 1: http://www.senato.it/leg/08/BGT/Schede/docnonleg/30470.htm
- Senato della Repubblica - Camera dei Deputati . 1988. Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sulla strage di Via Fani, sul sequestro e l’assassinio di Aldo Moro e sul terrorismo in Italia. VIII Leg., Doc. XXII, no. 5, vol. 26: http://www.senato.it/leg/08/BGT/Schede/docnonleg/30470.htm
- Senato della Repubblica - Camera dei Deputati. 2001. Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sul terrorismo in italia e sulle cause della mancata individuazione dei responsabili delle stragi. XIII Leg., Doc. XXIII, Tomo 5, Parte 164, Vol. 1 XIII Leg., Doc. XXIII, Tomo 5, Parte 164, Vol. 1: http://www.senato.it/leg/13/BGT/Schede/docnonleg/5652.htm
- Silke, A., & Filippidou, A. (2020). What drives terrorist innovation? Lessons from black September and Munich 1972. Security Journal, 33(2), 210–227. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-019-00181-x
- Smith, M. L. R. (1995). Fighting for Ireland?: Military strategy of the Irish Republican Movement. Routledge.
- Steele, F. (1973). Visit To The Bogside And Creggan On 4/5 April 1973 (FC0 87/221). Secret Intelligence Service; Conflict Archive on the INternet. https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/publicrecords/1973/index.html
- Strachan, H. (2013). The direction of war: Contemporary strategy in historical perspective. Cambridge University Press.
- Sullivan, J. (1988). ETA and Basque nationalism: The fight for Euskadi 1890-1986. Routledge.
- Sundquist, V. H. (2010). Political Terrorism: An historical case study of the Italian Red Brigades. Journal of Strategic Security, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.3.3.5
- Taylor, P. (1998). Provos: The IRA and Sinn fein. Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Tessandori, V. (2014). «Qui Brigate Rosse». Il racconto, le voci. Baldini & Castoldi.
- The undermining of the IRA’s will to fight. (1975). PRONI; Public Record Office of Northern Ireland. https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/proni/1975/proni_INF-2-15_1975-01-31_a.pdf n.a
- Twomey, S. (1972). Statement after the end of the PIRA ceasefire. NAI; National Archives of Ireland. https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/nai/1972/nai_DFA-2003-17-301_1972-07-09.pdf
- Veilleux-Lepage, Y. (2020). How terror evolves: The emergence and spread of terrorist techniques. Rowman & Littlefield.
- Wilson, T. K. (2020). Killing Strangers: How Political Violence Became Modern. Oxford University Press.