The lived experience and meaning of resilience in the setting of chronic illness and low- resource communities of African Americans that reside in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi

References

• Amankwaa, L. (2016). Creating protocols for trustworthiness in qualitative research. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 23(3), 121–17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29694754/
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Block, J., & Kremen, A. M. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 70(2), 349–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolton, K. W., Praetorius, R. T., & Smith- Osborne, A. (2016). Resilience protective factors in an older adult population: A qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis. Social Work Research, 40(3), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svw008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braveman, P., & Gottlieb, L. (2014). The social determinants of health: It’s time to consider the causes of the causes. Public Health Reports, 129(Suppl 2), 19–31. (Washington,D.C.:1974). https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cal, F. S., Ribero de Sa, L., Glustak, M. E., Santiago, M. B., & Walla, P. (2015). Resilience in chronic diseases: A systematic review. Cogent Psychology, 2(1), 1–9. 1024928. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2015.1024928
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Chronic disease in America. https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/infographic/chronic-diseases.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, April 27). National center for health statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/heart_disease_mortality/heart_disease.htm
   Google Scholar
• Christensen, M., Welch, A., & Barr, J. (2017). Husserlian descriptive phenomenology: A review of intentionality, reduction and the natural attitude. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 7(8), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v7n8p113
   Google Scholar
• Connell, C. L., Wang, S. C., Crook, L., & Yadrick, K. (2019). Barriers to healthcare seeking and provision among African American adults in the rural Mississippi Delta Region: Community and provider perspectives. Journal of Community Health, 44(4), 636–645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00620-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Self-determination theory. In P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 416–436). Sage Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249215.n21
   Google Scholar
• Garcia Dia, M., DiNapoli, J. M., Garcia-Ona, L., Jakubowski, R., & O’Flaherty, D. (2013). Concept analysis: Resilience. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 27(6), 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2013.07.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garmezy, N. (1993). Children in poverty: Resilience despite risk. Psychiatry, 56(1), 127–136. doi:10.1080/00332747.1993.11024627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gennuso, K. P., Jovaag, A., Catlin, B. B., Rodock, M., & Park, H. (2016). Assessment of factors contributing to health outcomes in the eight states of the Mississippi Delta Region. Prevention in Chronic Disease, 13. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd13.150440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giorgi, A. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Husserlian approach. Duquesne University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giorgi, A., Giorgi, B., & Morley, J. (2017). The descriptive phenomenological psychological method. In C. Willig & W. Stainton Rogers (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology (2nd ed, pp. 176–192). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526405555.n11
   Google Scholar
• Hassani, P., Izadi-Avanji, F. S., Rakhshan, M., & Majd, H. A. (2017). A phenomenological study on resilience of the elderly suffering from chronic disease: A qualitative study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 10, 59–67. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S121336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husserl, E. (1962). Phenomenological psychology (J. Scanlon, Trans.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Husserl, E. (2012). Ideas: General introduction to pure phenomenology. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, L., Jackson, Z., & Jackson, F. (2018). Intergenerational resilience in response to the stress and trauma of enslavement and chronic exposure to institutionalized racism. Journal of Clinical Epigenetics, 4(3:15), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.21767/2472-1158.1000100
   Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H., Lewis, T. T., Topel, M. L., Mubasher, M., Li, C., Vaccarino, V., Mujahid, M. S., Sims, M., Quyyumi, A. A., Taylor, H. A., & Baltrus, P. T. (2019). Identification of resilient and at risk neighborhoods for cardiovascular disease among black residents: The Morehouse –Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) center for health equity study. Preventing Chronic Disease Public Health Research, Practice, and Policy, 16(E57), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd16.180505
   Google Scholar
• Kim, G. M., Lim, J. Y., Kim, E. J., & Park, S. (2018). Resilience of patients with chronic diseases: A systematic review. Health & Social Care in the Community, 27(4), 797–807. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korstjens, I., & Moser, A. (2018). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and publishing. The European Journal of General Practice, 24(1), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristjansdottir, O. B., Stenberg, U., Mirkovic, J., Krogseth, T., Ljosa, T. M., Stange, K. C., & Ruland, C. M. (2018). Personal strengths reported by people with chronic illness: A qualitative study. Health Expectations, 21(4), 787–795. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry (1st Ed. ed.). Sage Publications Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Mississippi State Department of Health. (2016). Office of rural health and primary care: Mississippi primary care needs assessment March. 2016. https://msdh.ms.gov/msdhsite/_static/resources/7357.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Niitsu, K., Houfek, J. F., Barron, C. R., Stoltenberg, K. A., Kupzyk, K. A., & Rice, M. J. (2017). A concept analysis of resilience integrating genetics. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 38(11), 896–906. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2017.1350225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noonan, A. S., Velasco-Mondragon, H. E., & Wagner, F. A. (2016). Improving the health of African Americans in the USA: An overdue opportunity for social justice. Public Health Reviews, 37(12), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-016-0025-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Polk, L. V. (1997). Toward a middle-range theory of resilience. Advances in Nursing Science, 19(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00012272-199703000-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polk, L. V. (2000). Development and validation of the Polk resilience patterns scale (Publication No. 996559) [ Doctoral dissertation, Catholic University of America]. ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis Global.
   Google Scholar
• Qiao, S., Ingram, L., Morgan, D., Xiaoming, L., & Weissman, S. B. (2019). Resilience resources among African American women living with HIV in southern United States. AIDS, 33(1), S35–S44. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002179
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rezaei, M., Sadat Izadi-Avanji, F., Safa, A., & Fernanda Cal, S. (2018). The impact of resilience on the perception of chronic diseases from older adults’ perspective. Client Centered Nursing Care, 4(4), 231–239. https://doi.org/10.32598/jccnc.4.4.231
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, M., Hanna, E., Raine, G., & Robertson, S. (2019). Extending the comfort zone: Building resilience in older people with long term conditions. Southern Gerontology Society, 38(6), 825–848. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464817724042
   Google Scholar
• Rutter, M. (1990). Psychosocial relience and protective mechanisms. In J. Rolf, A. Masten, D. Cicchetti, K. Nuechterlein, & S. Weintraub (Eds.), Risk and protective factors in the development of psychopathology: Social competence in children, 3. (pp. 49–74). University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Scoloveno, R. (2016). A concept analysis of the phenomenon of resilience. Journal of Nursing and Care, 5(353), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1168.1000353
   Google Scholar
• Southwick, S.M., & Charney, D.S. (2012). The science of resilience: Implications for the prevention and treatment of depression. 338(1), 79–82. 10.1126/science.1222942
   Google Scholar
• Stenfors, T., Kajamaa, A., & Bennett, D. (2020). How to … assess the quality of qualitative research. The Clinical Teacher, 17(6), 596–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturmberg, J. P., Picard, M., Aron, D. C., Bennett, J. M., Bircher, J., deHaven, M. J., Gijzel, S., Heng, H. H., Marcum, J. A., Martin, C. M., Miles, A., Peterson, C. L., Rohleder, N., Walker, C., Olde Rikkert, M., & Melis, R. (2019). Health and disease-emergent states resulting from adaptive social and biological network interactions. Frontiers in Medicine, 6, 59. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundler, A. J., Lindberg, E., Nilsson, C., & Palmer, L. (2019). Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Nursing Open, 6(1), 733–739. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.275
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tokwe, L., & Naidoo, J. R. (2020). Lived experience of human immunodeficiency virus and hypertension in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine, 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2472
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Wormer, K., Sudduth, C., & Jackson, D. W., 111. (2011). What can we learn of resilience from older African American women: Interviews with women who worked as maids in the deep south. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 21(4), 410–422. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2011.561167
   Google Scholar