3,737
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Enslaved by African angels: Swedenborg on African superiority, evangelization, and slavery

ORCID Icon

Bibliography

  • Ambjörnsson, Ronny. “‘La république de Dieu’ : une utopie suédoise de 1789.” Translated by Jean Heyun. Annales historiques de la Révolution française 277, no. 1 (1989): 244–273. doi:10.3406/ahrf.1989.1262.
  • Anon. La Société Des Amis Des Noirs, Lettres et Documents, Vol. 6–9. Vol. 8. 9 vols. Révolution Française et l’Abolition de l’Esclavage, Gallica BNF. Paris: EDHIS Edition d’histoire sociale, 1968.
  • Armbjörnsson, Ronny. “Labor and Money: Wadström and Nordenskjöld’s Utopian Ideas.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed. edited by Anders Hallengren, 47–61. West Chester: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Bäck, Abraham. ‘Om Negrernas Svarta Hud’. In Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar for År 1748, Jan–Mar., Vol. 9. Stockholm, 1748., 1748.
  • Barton, H. Arnold. “Gustav III of Sweden and the Enlightenment.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 6, no. 1 (1972): 1–34. doi:10.2307/3031560.
  • Basir, Eric Curtis Muhammad. Badin’s Diary: An English Translation, edited by Sandra Gustafsson. Raleigh: Lulu Publishing, 2015.
  • Bergquist, Lars. Swedenborg’s Dream Diary, edited by Anders Hallengren. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation, 2001.
  • Bergquist, Lars. Swedenborg’s Secret: A Biography. London: The Swedenborg Society, 2005.
  • Bödman, Gösta. “August Nordenskiöld,: en Gustav III:S Alkemist.” Lychnos: Årsbok För Idé- Och Lärdomshistoria (1943): 189–229.
  • Booth, Emily. A Subtle and Mysterious Machine: The Medical World of Walter Charleton. 2005th ed. Uppsala and Stockholm: Springer, 2005.
  • Braidwood, Stephen J. Black Poor and White Philanthropists: London’s Black and the Foundation of the Sierra Leone Settlement 1786–1791. 1st ed. Vol. 100. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1994. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5vj9z9., 1994.
  • Brown Nagin. Tomiko, ed. Harvard and the Legacy of Slavery. Boston, MA, 2022. https://www.harvard.edu/president/news/2022/harvard-and-the-legacy-of-slavery/.
  • Burnett, Linda Andersson. “Collecting Humanity in the Age of Enlightenment: The Hudson’s Bay Company and Edinburgh University’s Natural History Museum.” Global Intellectual History 0, no. 0 (June 2022): 1–22. doi:10.1080/23801883.2022.2074502.
  • Carey, Brycchan. From Peace to Freedom: Quaker Rhetoric and the Birth of American Antislavery, 1657–1761. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012.
  • Chaplin, Joyce E. “The Problem of Genius in the Age of Slavery.” In Genealogies of Genius, edited by Joyce E. Chaplin, and Darrin M. McMahon. Palgrave MacMillan, 2017.
  • Charmantier, Isabelle. “Linnaeus and Race.” The Linnean Society, 2021. https://www.linnean.org/learning/who-was-linnaeus/linnaeus-and-race.
  • Clarkson, Thomas, George Thompson, Carl Bernhard Wadström, and Harry Gandy. Letter from Wadström to Gandy, 16.09.1788, Thompson-Clarkson Collection. Vol. 2. 2 Vols. London: Friends House, 1788.
  • Clifford, Mary Louise. From Slavery to Freetown: Black Loyalists After the American Revolution. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2015.
  • Coleman, Deirdre. Romantic Colonization and British Anti-Slavery. Illustrated Ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Dahlgren, E. W. “Carl Bernhard Wadström.: Hans Verksamhet För Slafhandelns Bekämpande Och de Samtida Kolonisationsplanerna i Västafrika. Bibliografisk Sammanställning.” Nord. Tidskr. För Bok- Och Biblioteksväsen 2, 1915.
  • Danielsson, Susan. “Gustav Badin: The Afro-Swedish Experience in Eighteenth Century Sweden.” The Saber and Scroll Journal 10, no. 1 (2021): 45–61. doi:10.18278/sshj.10.1.4.
  • Dibb, Andrew. “A Love Affair with Africa: 19th Century Swedenborgian Views of Africa.” Accessed 28 October 2022. https://www.academia.edu/8300739/A_Love_Affair_with_Africa_19th_Century_Swedenborgian_Views_of_Africa.
  • Duckworth, Dennis. A Branching Tree: A Narrative History of the General Conference of the New Church. London: The General Conference of the New Church, 1998.
  • Ellingson, Ter. The Myth of the Noble Savage. 1st ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
  • Evans, Chris, and Göran Rydén. “‘Voyage Iron’: An Atlantic Slave Trade Currency, its European Origins, and West African Impact*.” Past & Present 239, no. 1 (2018): 41–70. doi:10.1093/pastj/gtx055.
  • Evans, Jean. ed. A History of the New Church in Southern Africa 1909–1991: And a Tribute to the Late Reverend, edited by Obed S.D. Mooki, and Lee Woofenden. x: Independently published, 2019.
  • Eze, Emmanuel Chukwudi. Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader. Cambridge, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 1997.
  • Forshage, Mattias. “Varför var de gamla entomologerna swedenborgare?” Entomologisk Tidskrift 138, no. 2 (2017): 109–130.
  • Fromont, Cécile. “Common Threads: Cloth, Colour, and the Slave Trade in Early Modern Kongo and Angola.” Art History 41, no. 5 (2018): 838–867. doi:10.1111/1467-8365.12400.
  • Frykenberg, Robert Eric. Christians and Missionaries in India: Cross-Cultural Communication Since 1500 : With Special Reference to Caste, Conversion, and Colonialism. Grand Rapids, MI: William B Eerdmans Publishing Co, 2003.
  • Fullagar, Kate. “Reynolds’ New Masterpiece: From Experiment in Savagery to Icon of the Eighteenth Century.” Cultural and Social History 7, no. 2 (June 2010): 191–212. doi:10.2752/147800410X12634795054612.
  • Fullagar, Kate. The Savage Visit: New World People and Popular Imperial Culture in Britain, 1710–1795. Berkeley, Calif: Global, Area, and International Archive, 2012.
  • Fur, Gunlög. “Different Ways of Seeing ‘Savagery’: Two Nordic Travellers in 18th-Century North America.” History of the Human Sciences 32, no. 4 (October 2019): 43–62. doi:10.1177/0952695119846003.
  • Gent, Jacqueline van. “Rethinking Savagery: Slavery Experiences and the Role of Emotions in Oldendorp’s Mission Ethnography.” History of the Human Sciences 32, no. 4 (2019): 28–42. doi:10.1177/0952695119843210.
  • Gill, Conrad. “The Affair of Porto Novo: An Incident in Anglo-Swedish Relations.” The English Historical Review 73, no. 286 (1958 Jan): 47–65.
  • Hallengren, Anders, ed. The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019
  • Haller, John. Swedenborg, Mesmer, and the Mind-Body Connection: The Roots of Complementary Medicine. 1st ed. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2010.
  • Helander, Hans, and Emanuel Swedenborg. Ludus Heliconius: And Other Latin Poems. Edited by Hans Helander. Uppsala: Uppsala University, 1995.
  • Hessayon, Ariel. “Jacob Boehme, Emanuel Swedenborg and Their Readers.” In Philosophy, Literature, Mysticism: An Anthology of Essays on Thought and Influence of Emanuel Swedenborg, edited by Stephen McNeilly, 337–384. London: The Swedenborg Society, 2013.
  • Hesselius, Andreas. Kort Berettelse Om Then Swenska Krykios Närwarande Tilständ i America Samt Oförgripeliga Tankar Om Thesz Widare Förkofring. Norkioping, 1725.
  • Hodacs, Hanna, Kenneth Nyberg, and Stéphane Van Damme. Linnaeus, Natural History and the Circulation of Knowledge. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 2018.
  • Hoffecker, Carol E., Richard Waldron, Lorraine E. Williams, and Barbara E. Benson. New Sweden in America. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 1995. https://www.akademibokhandeln.se/bok/new-sweden-in-america/9781611491661.
  • Howard, Jonathan. “Building a New Jerusalem in Africa in the 1790s.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed. Edited by Anders Hallengren, and Anders Hallengren, 113–127. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Hudson, Nicholas. “From ‘Nation’ to ‘Race’: The Origin of Racial Classification in Eighteenth-Century Thought.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 29, no. 3 (1996): 247–264.
  • Hughes, Daniel B. “Circulating Ceramics in the Eighteenth Century Colonial Circum-Caribbean: Towards an Archaeological Model for Inter-Site Comparison.” PhD dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa Bay, 2013.
  • Kant, Immanuel. “On the Distinctiveness of Races in General.” In This is Race; an Anthology Selected from the International Literature on the Races of Man, edited by E. W. Count. New York: Henry Schuman, 1950. https://www.alibris.com/This-is-race-an-anthology-selected-from-the-international-literature-on-the-races-of-man-Earl-W-Count/book/6671218.
  • Kant, Immanuel. Träume Eines Geistersehers Erläutert Durch Träume Der Metaphysik. Riga, 1766.
  • Kidd, Colin. The Forging of Races: Race and Scripture in the Protestant Atlantic World, 1600–2000. 1st edition. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  • King, Robert J. “Gustaf III’s Australian Colony.” The Great Circle 27, no. 2 (2005): 3–20.
  • Koch, Philippa. “Slavery,: Mission, and the Perils of Providence in Eighteenth-Century Christianity: The Writings of Whitefield and the Halle Pietists.” Church History 84, no. 2 (June 2015): 369–393. doi:10.1017/S0009640715000098.
  • Koslofsky, Craig. “Knowing Skin in Early Modern Europe, c. 1450–1750.” History Compass 12, no. 10 (2014): 794–806. doi:10.1111/hic3.12195.
  • Kup, Alexander Peter. Adam Afzelius: Sierra Leone Journals 1795-96. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1967.
  • Kup, Alexander Peter. “John Clarkson and the Sierra Leone Company.” The International Journal of African Historical Studies 5, no. 2 (1972): 203–220. doi:10.2307/217514.
  • Lawrence, James F. “A World Apart: The American Antislavery Issue.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed, edited by Anders Hallengren, 157–178. West Chester: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Lay, Benjamin. All Slave-Keepers, That Keep the Innocent in Bondage, Apostates. Philadelphia, 1737.
  • Lindroth, Sten. “Adam Afzelius, a Swedish Botanist in Sierra Leone, 1792–1796.” Sierra Leone Studies 4, 1955.
  • Lindroth, Sten. “Adam Afzelius: En Linnean i England Och Sierra Leone.” Lychnos: Årsbok För Idé- Och Lärdomshistoria (1945 1944): 1–54.
  • Mkenda, Festo F. J. “Festo F.J. Mkenda, ‘Jesuits, Protestants, and Africa Before the Twentieth Century’.” In Encounters Between Jesuits and Protestants in Africa, edited by Maryks Robert Aleksander. VI, 238 Pp. Leiden; Boston, MA: BRILL, 2018.
  • Müller-Wille, Staffan. “Linnaeus and the Four Corners of the World.” In The Cultural Politics of Blood, 1500–1900, edited by Kimberly Anne Coles, Ralph Bauer, Zita Nunes, and Carla L. Peterson. Basingstoke, and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
  • Nelson, Philip K. “Carl Bernhard Wadström: Mannen Bakom Myten.” Föreningen Gamla Norrköping, 1998.
  • Newell, Margaret Ellen. Brethren by Nature: New England Indians, Colonists, and the Origins of American Slavery. 1st edition. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015.
  • Nordenskjöld, Augustus. Minutes of a General Conference of the Members of the New Church Signified by the New Jerusalem in the Revelation Held in Great East Cheap, London, from the 13th to the 17th of April 1789. London: Robert Hindmarsh, 1789.
  • Nordenskjöld, Augustus, Carl Bernhard Wadström, Colborn Barrel, and Johan Gottfried Simpson. Plan for a Free Community upon the Coast of Africa, under the Protection of Great Britain; but Intirely Independant of All European Laws and Governments. Robert Hindmarsh, 1789.
  • Önnerfors, Andreas. “From Jacobite Support to a Part of the State Apparatus – Swedish Freemasonry Between Reform and Revolution.” In Franc-Maçonnerie et Politique au Siècle Des Lumières: Europe-Amériques, edited by Cécile Révauger, 203–225. Bordeaux: Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006.
  • Önnerfors, Andreas J. “Swedish Freemasonry In the Caribbean: How St. Barthélemy Turned into an Island of the IXth Province.” Revista de Studios Historicos de La Masoneria 1, no. 1 (2009): 17–41.
  • Östlund, Joachim. “Playing the White Knight: Couschi, Chess and Black Agency in Eighteenth Century Sweden.” In Migrating the Black Body: The African Diaspora and Visual Culture, edited by H Raphael-Hernandez, and I. L. Raiford. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2017.
  • Parfitt, Tudor. Black Jews in Africa and the Americas. Cambridge: MA: Harvard University Press, 2013.
  • Persson, Mathias. “Southern Darkness: Northern Light: ‘Civilisation’ and ‘Savagery’ in Anders Sparrman’s Southern African Travelogue.” South African Historical Journal 71, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–20. doi:10.1080/02582473.2019.1600000.
  • Petry, M. J., and Carl von Linne. In Nemesis Divina, edited by M. J. Petry. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
  • Raphael-Hernandez, Heike. “The Right to Freedom: Eighteenth-Century Slave Resistance and Early Moravian Missions in the Danish West Indies and Dutch Suriname.” Atlantic Studies 14, no. 4 (October 2017): 457–475. doi:10.1080/14788810.2017.1366236.
  • Rausing, Lisbet. “Underwriting the Economy: Linnaeus on Nature and Mind.” In Oeconomies in the Age of Newton, Illustrated ed. edited by Neil De Marchi, and Margaret Schabas. Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books, 2003.
  • Rix, Robert W. “‘The Little Black Boy’: William Blake, Carl Bernhard Wadström, and Swedenborg’s Africa.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed, edited by Anders Hallengren, 129–145. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Roberts, Michael. The Age of Liberty: Sweden 1719–1772. New Ed edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
  • Robsahm, Carl, Emanuel Swedenborg, and Anders Hallengren. In Memoirs of Swedenborg and Other Documents, edited by Stephen McNeilly. London: The Swedenborg Society, 2011.
  • Rönnbäck, Klas. “Enlightenment, Scientific Exploration, and Abolitionism: Anders Sparrman’s and Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Colonial Encounters in Senegal, 1787–88, and the British Abolitionist Movement.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed, edited by Anders Hallengren, 63–86. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Rönnbäck, Klas. “Enlightenment, Scientific Exploration and Abolitionism: Anders Sparrman’s and Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Colonial Encounters in Senegal, 1787–1788 and the British Abolitionist Movement.” Slavery & Abolition 34, no. 3 (September 2013): 425–445. doi:10.1080/0144039X.2012.734113.
  • Roy-Di Piazza, Vincent. “‘Ghosts from Other Planets’: Plurality of Worlds, Afterlife and Satire in Emanuel Swedenborg’s De Telluribus in Mundo Nostro Solari (1758).” Annals of Science 77, no. 4 (October 2020): 469–494. doi:10.1080/00033790.2020.1817557.
  • Roy-Di Piazza, Vincent. “Homo Maximus: Emanuel Swedenborg and the Interaction of Soul and Body.” DPhil dissertation, 2022.
  • Rupke, Nicolaas, and Gerhard Lauer, eds. Johann Friedrich Blumenbach: Race and Natural History, 1750–1850. Abingdon: Routledge, 2018.
  • Ryder, Norman. A Descriptive Bibliography of the Works of Emanuel Swedenborg (1688–1772). Vol. 2. 4 vols. London, 2012.
  • Sakano, Kenji, and Toshiyoki Tamaki. “Swedish Trade in the Early Modern Period from 1721 to 1815: The Rise and Fall of Dual Structure Trade in Stockholm and Gothenburg.” In Connected Oceans, a Festschrift to Leos Müller, edited by Lisa Hellman, Hanna Hodacs, Aryo Makko, and Steve Murdoch, 36–69. Lund: Universus Academic Press, 2022. https://www.smakprov.se/bok/kartonnage/connected-oceans-9789187439766/.
  • Sandiford, Ralph. A Brief Examination Of The Practise Of The Times, 1729.
  • Sanner, Inga. “Swedenborg and Modernity.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade. 1st ed., edited by Anders Hallengren, 147–155. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Schama, Simon. Rough Crossings: Britain, The Slaves and the American Revolution. 1st ed. New York: Ecco / HarperCollins, 2006.
  • Sigstedt, Cyriel Odhner. The Swedenborg Epic: The Life and Works of Emanuel Swedenborg. London: The Swedenborg Society, 1981.
  • Sprinchorn, Carl. “Sjuttonhundratalets Planer Och Förslag Till Svensk Kolonisation i Främmande Världsdelar.” Historisk Tidskrift 1 (1923): 109–162.
  • Stange, Douglas C. ““A Compassionate Mother to Her Poor Negro Slaves”: The Lutheran Church and Negro Slavery in Early America.” Phylon (1960–) 29, no. 3 (1968): 272–281. doi:10.2307/273492.
  • Sundelin, Rob. Swedenborgianismens historia i Sverige under Förra Århundradet. Uppsala: W. Schultz, 1886. https://www.bokborsen.se/view/Rob-Sundelin/Swedenborgianismens-Historia-I-Sverige-Under-F%C3%B6rr/10414010?%2Fview%2FRob-Sundelin%2FSwedenborgianismens-Historia-I-Sverige-Under-F%C3%B6rr%2F10414010.
  • Swedberg, Jesper. Svecia Nova Seu America Illuminata, Skriven Och Utgiven Av Dess Biskop År 1732, 1732.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Apocalypsis Revelata in qua Deteguntur Arcana Quae Ibi Praedicta Sunt, et Hactenus Recondita Latuerunt. Amsterdam, 1766.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Arcana Coelestia. 8 Vols. London: John Lewis, 1749.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Concerning the Messiah About to Come [Posthumous, 1745]. Edited and translated by Alfred Acton. Bryn Athyn: Academy of the New Church, 1949.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Continuatio de Ultimo Judicio et de Mundo Spirituali. Amsterdam, 1763.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. De Coelo et Ejus Mirabilibus, et de Inferno, Ex Auditis & Visis. London: John Lewis, 1758.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. De Telluribus in Mundo Nostro Solari. London: John Lewis, 1758.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Delitiae Sapientiae de Amore Conjugiali; Post Quas Sequuntur Voluptates Insaniae de Amore Scortatorio. Amsterdam, 1768.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Doctrina Novae Hierosolymae de Domino. Amsterdam, 1763.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Doctrina Novae Hierosolymae de Scriptura Sacra. Amsterdam, 1763.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Economy of the Animal Kingdom Vol. III: The Fibre [De Fibra, Posthumous, 1741–1743]. Edited and translated by Alfred Acton. Bryn Athyn, 1976.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Letters and Memorials of Emanuel Swedenborg [1709–1772]. Edited and translated by Alfred Acton. 2 vols, 1948.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Oeconomia Regni Animalis. 2 vols. London and Amsterdam, 1740.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Sapientia Angelica de Divina Providentia. Amsterdam, 1764.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Sapientia Angelica de Divino Amore et de Divina Sapientia. Amsterdam, 1763.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. The Spiritual Diary [Posthumous, 1747], edited by Alfred Acton, George Bush, and John Smithson. London: The Swedenborg Society, 1977.
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel. Vera Christiana Religio Continens Universam Theologiam Novae Ecclesiae. Amsterdam, 1771.
  • Tafel, Rudolph Leonard. Documents Concerning the Life and Character of Emanuel Swedenborg. 3 vols. London, 1875.
  • Tawil, Ezra. The Making of Racial Sentiment: Slavery and the Birth of The Frontier Romance. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  • Thomasson, Fredrik. “Knowledge, Silence and Denial: The Late-Eighteenth Century Debate on Slavery and Colonialism in Sweden.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, 1st ed., edited by Anders Hallengren, 31–45. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Thomasson, Fredrik. Svarta Saint-Barthélemy: människoöden i en svensk koloni 1785–1847. 1st ed. Stockholm: Natur & Kultur Allmänlitteratur, 2022.
  • Thornton, John K. “African Dimensions of the Stono Rebellion.” The American Historical Review 96, no. 4 (1991): 1101–1113.
  • Tribe, Keith. “Baltic Cameralism?” In Cameralism in Practice: State Administration and Economy in Early Modern Europe, edited by Marten Seppel, and Keith Tribe, 39–64. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2017.
  • Vartija, Devin. “Revisiting Enlightenment Racial Classification: Time and the Question of Human Diversity.” Intellectual History Review 31, no. 4 (October 2021): 603–625. doi:10.1080/17496977.2020.1794161.
  • Voltemat, Henrik Julius. Gienwäg Til de Förnämsta Europäiska,: Asiatiska, Africanska Och Americanska Staters Historia. Det Är: Kort, Dock Utförlig Beskrifning Af de Märckwärdigaste, Nu För Tiden i Evropa, Asia, Africa Och America Florerande, Kaisaredömens, Konungarikens: Republiqvers, Förstendömens, Etc. i Äldre Och Nyare Tider, Besynnerligen Ifrån Christi Födelse Til Närwarande Tid, Timade Revolutioner, Cum Gratia et Privilegio./(Hinric Julius Woltemat.) Stockholm Och Upsala Uplagd Hos Gottfried Kiesewetter. 2 Vols. Stockholm: Gottfrried Kiesewetter, 1741.
  • Wadström, Carl Bernhard. An Essay on Colonization, Particularly Applied to the Western Coast of Africa, with Some Free Thoughts on Cultivation and Commerce: Also Brief Descriptions of the Colonies Already Formed, or Attempted, in Africa, Including Those of Sierra Leona and Bulama. author, 1794.
  • Wadström, Carl Bernhard. Observations sur la Traite des Nègres et une Description de Quelques Endroits de la Côte de Guinée. Paris: Gattey, 1790.
  • Wadström, Carl Bernhard. Précis sur l’établissement des Colonies de Sierra Leona et de Boulama à La Côte Occidentale de l’Afrique. Paris: Ch. Pougens, 1798.
  • Walvin, James. “The Slave Trade, Quakers, and the Early Days of British Abolition.” In Quakers and Abolition, 1st ed., edited by Brycchan Carey, and Geoffrey Plank. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2014.
  • Wennerlind, Carl. “Atlantis Restored: Natural Knowledge and Political Economy in Early Modern Sweden.” The American Historical Review 127, no. 4 (December 2022): 1687–1714. doi:10.1093/ahr/rhac419.
  • Wennerlind, Carl. “Theatrum Oeconomicum: Anders Berch and the Dramatization of the Swedish Improvement Discourse.” In New Perspectives on the History of Political Economy, 1st ed., edited by Robert Fredona, and Sophus A. Reinert, 103–124. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
  • Westphal, E. O. J. “The Click Languages of Southern and Eastern Africa.” In Linguistics in Sub-Saharan Africa, edited by Jack Berry, and Thomas Albert Sebeok, 367–420. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2017. doi:10.1515/9783111562520-013
  • Whitford, David M. The Curse of Ham in the Early Modern Era: The Bible and the Justifications for Slavery. 1st ed. Farnham: Routledge, 2009.
  • Wilkinson, Lynn R. The Dream of an Absolute Language: Emanuel Swedenborg and French Literary Culture. 1st ed. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1996.
  • Williams-Hogan, Jane. “Field Notes: The Swedenborgian Church in South Africa.” Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions 7, no. 1 (2003): 90–97. doi:10.1525/nr.2003.7.1.90.
  • Williams-Hogan, Jane. “The Swedenborgian or New Church Foundations of Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Plan for Colonization in Africa.” In The Moment is Now: Carl Bernhard Wadström’s Revolutionary Voice on Human Trafficking and the Abolition of the African Slave Trade, edited by Anders Hallengren, 1st ed. 87–111. West Chester, PA: Swedenborg Foundation Publishers, 2019.
  • Wolff, Charlotta. Noble Conceptions of Politics in Eighteenth-Century Sweden (ca 1740–1790). Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2009.