Overexpression of Plg-R_KT protects against adipose dysfunction and dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice

References

• Maniyadath B, Zhang Q, Gupta RK, et al. Adipose tissue at single-cell resolution. Cell Metab. 2023;35(3):386–11. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathis D. Immunological goings-on in visceral adipose tissue. Cell Metab. 2013;17(6):851–859. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedergaard J, Cannon B. The changed metabolic world with human brown adipose tissue: therapeutic visions. Cell Metab. 2010;11(4):268–272. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santoro A, McGraw TE, Kahn BB. Insulin action in adipocytes, adipose remodeling, and systemic effects. Cell Metab. 2021;33(4):748–757. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern JH, Rutkowski JM, Scherer PE. Adiponectin, leptin, and fatty acids in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis through adipose tissue crosstalk. Cell Metab. 2016;23:770–784. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun K, Tordjman J, Clement K, et al. Fibrosis and adipose tissue dysfunction. Cell Metab. 2013;18(4):470–477. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.06.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olefsky JM, Glass CK. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annu Rev Physiol. 2010;72(1):219–246. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135846
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo L, Lumeng CN. Properties and functions of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity. Immunology. 2018;155(4):407–417. doi: 10.1111/imm.13002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammarstedt A, Gogg S, Hedjazifar S, et al. Impaired adipogenesis and dysfunctional adipose tissue in human hypertrophic obesity. Physiol Rev. 2018;98(4):1911–1941. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger RH. Minireview: weapons of lean body mass destruction: the role of ectopic lipids in the metabolic syndrome. Endocrinology. 2003;144(12):5159–5165. doi: 10.1210/en.2003-0870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carobbio S, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Vidal-Puig A. Origins of metabolic complications in obesity: ectopic fat accumulation. The importance of the qualitative aspect of lipotoxicity. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011;14(6):520–526. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32834ad966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson B, Smith U. Regulation of white adipogenesis and its relation to ectopic fat accumulation and cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis. 2015;241(1):27–35. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heilbronn L, Smith SR, Ravussin E. Failure of fat cell proliferation, mitochondrial function and fat oxidation results in ectopic fat storage, insulin resistance and type II diabetes mellitus. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28(Suppl 4):S12–S21. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802853
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andronicos NM, Chen EI, Baik N, et al. Proteomics-based discovery of a novel, structurally unique, and developmentally regulated plasminogen receptor, Plg-RKT, a major regulator of cell surface plasminogen activation. Blood. 2010;115(7):1319–1330. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-11-188938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bugge TH, Flick MJ, Daugherty CC, et al. Plasminogen deficiency causes severe thrombosis but is compatible with development and reproduction. Genes Dev. 1995;9(7):794–807. doi: 10.1101/gad.9.7.794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ploplis VA, Carmeliet P, Vazirzadeh S, et al. Effects of disruption of the plasminogen gene on thrombosis, growth, and health in mice. Circulation. 1995;92(9):2585–2593. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.92.9.2585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deryugina EI, Quigley JP. Cell surface remodeling by plasmin: a new function for an old enzyme. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:564259. doi: 10.1155/2012/564259
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miles LA, Parmer RJ. Plasminogen receptors: the first quarter century. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2013;39(4):329–337. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1334483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thaler B, Baik N, Hohensinner PJ, et al. Differential expression of Plg-RKT and its effects on migration of proinflammatory monocyte and macrophage subsets. Blood. 2019;134(6):561–567. doi: 10.1182/blood.2018850420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vago JP, Sugimoto MA, Lima KM, et al. Plasminogen and the plasminogen receptor, Plg-RKT, regulate macrophage phenotypic, and functional changes. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1458. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comuzzie AG, Cole SA, Laston SL, et al. Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the hispanic population. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day F, Karaderi T, Jones MR, et al. Correction: large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome suggests shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria. PLoS Genet. 2019;15(12):e1008517. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhindsa G, Bhatia R, Dhindsa M, et al. Insulin resistance, insulin sensitization and inflammation in polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Postgrad Med. 2004;50:140–144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumawat M, Choudhary P, Aggarwal S. Association of serum leptin with anthropometric indices of obesity, blood lipids, steroidal hormones, and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2021;14(3):228–233. doi: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_35_21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zeng X, Xie YJ, Liu YT, et al. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;502:214–221. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad F, Bai H, Baik N, et al. The plasminogen receptor Plg-R(KT) regulates adipose function and metabolic homeostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2022;20(3):742–754. doi: 10.1111/jth.15622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badeanlou L, Furlan-Freguia C, Yang G, et al. Tissue factor-protease-activated receptor 2 signaling promotes diet-induced obesity and adipose inflammation. Nat Med. 2011;17:1490–1497. doi: 10.1038/nm.2461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Badeanlou L, Bielawski JD, et al. Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates adipose proinflammatory responses and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014;306(7):E756–E768. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00549.2013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakrabarty S, Bui Q, Badeanlou L, et al. S1P/S1PR3 signalling axis protects against obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. Adipocyte. 2022;11(1):69–83. doi: 10.1080/21623945.2021.2021700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne CD, Targher G. Ectopic fat, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: implications for cardiovascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014;34(6):1155–1161. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frontini A, Cinti S. Distribution and development of brown adipocytes in the murine and human adipose organ. Cell Metab. 2010;11(4):253–256. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enerback S. Human brown adipose tissue. Cell Metab. 2010;11(4):248–252. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knights AJ, Wu J, Tseng YH. The heating microenvironment: intercellular cross talk within thermogenic adipose tissue. Diabetes. 2020;69(8):1599–1604. doi: 10.2337/db20-0303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison SF, Madden CJ, Tupone D. Central neural regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Cell Metab. 2014;19(5):741–756. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziqubu K, Dludla PV, Mthembu SXH, et al. An insight into brown/beige adipose tissue whitening, a metabolic complication of obesity with the multifactorial origin. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1114767. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1114767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rangel-Azevedo C, Santana-Oliveira DA, Miranda CS, et al. Progressive brown adipocyte dysfunction: whitening and impaired nonshivering thermogenesis as long-term obesity complications. J Nutr Biochem. 2022;105:109002. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chait A, den Hartigh LJ. Adipose tissue distribution, inflammation and its metabolic consequences, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:22. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zatterale F, Longo M, Naderi J, et al. Chronic adipose tissue inflammation linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Front Physiol. 2019;10:1607. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alzamil H. Elevated Serum TNF- α is related to obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus and is associated with glycemic control and insulin resistance. J Obes. 2020;2020:1–5. doi: 10.1155/2020/5076858
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Taeye BM, Novitskaya T, McGuinness OP, et al. Macrophage TNF-α contributes to insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007;293(3):E713–E725. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00194.2007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil GS. The role of TNFalpha and TNF receptors in obesity and insulin resistance. J Intern Med. 1999;245:621–625. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1999.00490.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastard JP, Maachi M, van Nhieu JT, et al. Adipose tissue IL-6 content correlates with resistance to insulin activation of glucose uptake both in vivo and in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(5):2084–2089. doi: 10.1210/jcem.87.5.8450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uysal KT, Wiesbrock SM, Marino MW, et al. Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-alpha function. Nature. 1997;389:610–614. doi: 10.1038/39335
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanda H, Tateya S, Tamori Y, et al. MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity. J Clin Invest. 2006;116(6):1494–1505. doi: 10.1172/JCI26498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamei N, Tobe K, Suzuki R, et al. Overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in adipose tissues causes macrophage recruitment and insulin resistance. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(36):26602–26614. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M601284200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang S, Zhang W, Zhen Q, et al. Impaired adipogenesis in adipose tissue associated with hepatic lipid deposition induced by chronic inflammation in mice with chew diet. Life Sci. 2015;137:7–13. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.07.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latorre J, Lluch A, Ortega FJ, et al. Adipose tissue knockdown of lysozyme reduces local inflammation and improves adipogenesis in high-fat diet-fed mice. Pharmacol Res. 2021;166:105486. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao Y, Gao L, Wang X, et al. Dysregulated adipose tissue expansion and impaired adipogenesis in Prader-Willi syndrome children before obesity-onset. Metabolism. 2022;136:155295. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson B, Gogg S, Hedjazifar S, et al. Inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity in man. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2009;297(5):E999–E1003. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00377.2009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang N, Li Y, Shu T, et al. Cytokines and inflammation in adipogenesis: an updated review. Front Med. 2019;13(3):314–329. doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0625-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambele MA, Dhanraj P, Giles R, et al. Adipogenesis: a complex interplay of multiple molecular determinants and pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(12):4283. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghaben AL, Scherer PE. Adipogenesis and metabolic health. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019;20(4):242–258. doi: 10.1038/s41580-018-0093-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoover-Plow J, Yuen L. Plasminogen binding is increased with adipocyte differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001;284(2):389–394. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4984
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoover-Plow J, Ellis J, Yuen L. In vivo plasminogen deficiency reduces fat accumulation. Thromb Haemost. 2002;87(6):1011–1019. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1613126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanno Y, Matsuno H, Kawashita E, et al. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor is associated with the development of adipose tissue. Thromb Haemost. 2010;104(12):1124–1132. doi: 10.1160/TH10-02-0101
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grove LM, Southern BD, Jin TH, et al. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) ligation induces a raft-localized integrin signaling switch that mediates the hypermotile phenotype of fibrotic fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 2014;289(18):12791–12804. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.498576
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad F, Yamamoto K, Loskutoff DJ. Distribution and regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in murine adipose tissue in vivo. Induction by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lipopolysaccharide. J Clin Invest. 1996;97(1):37–46. doi: 10.1172/JCI118404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad F, Uysal KT, Wiesbrock SM, et al. Tumor necrosis factor α is a key component in the obesity-linked elevation of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA. 1999;96:6902–6907. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.12.6902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah C, Yang G, Lee I, et al. Protection from high fat diet-induced increase in ceramide in mice lacking plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(20):13538–13548. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M709950200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad F, Pandey M, Loskutoff DJ. Tissue factor gene expression in the adipose tissues of obese mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA. 1998;95(13):7591–7596. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.13.7591
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samad F, Ruf W. Inflammation, obesity, and thrombosis. Blood. 2013;122(20):3415–3422. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-05-427708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alessi MC, Juhan-Vague I. Metabolic syndrome, haemostasis and thrombosis. Thromb Haemost. 2008;99(6):995–1000. doi: 10.1160/TH07-11-0682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar