646
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Licensed Vaccines

Revamping the BCG revaccination strategy: Records to recall, or just call it phoenix?

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Rodrigues LC, Pereira SM, Cunha SS, Genser B, Ichihara MY, de Brito SC, Hijjar MA, Cruz AA, Sant’Anna C, Bierrenbach AL, et al. Effect of BCG revaccination on incidence of tuberculosis in school-aged children in Brazil: the BCG-REVAC cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9493):1290–3. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67145-0.
  • Barreto ML, Pereira SM, Pilger D, Cruz AA, Cunha SS, Sant’anna C, Ichihara MY, Genser B, Rodrigues LC. Evidence of an effect of BCG revaccination on incidence of tuberculosis in school-aged children in Brazil: second report of the BCG-REVAC cluster-randomised trial. Vaccine. 2011;29(31):4875–7. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.023.
  • Bannister S, Sudbury E, Villanueva P, Perrett K, Curtis N. The safety of BCG revaccination: a systematic review. Vaccine. 2021;39(20):2736–45. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.016.
  • Tala-Heikkilä MM, Tuominen JE, Tala EO. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin revaccination questionable with low tuberculosis incidence. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157(4 Pt 1):1324–7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.4.9706037.
  • World Health Organization. BCG vaccines: WHO position paper. 2018 February. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.009.
  • Nemes E, Geldenhuys H, Rozot V, Rutkowski KT, Ratangee F, Bilek N, Mabwe S, Makhethe L, Erasmus M, Toefy A, et al. Prevention of M. tuberculosis infection with H4: IC31 vaccine or BCG revaccination. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(2):138–49. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1714021.
  • Kowalewicz-Kulbat M, Locht C. BCG and protection against inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017;16(7):1–0. doi:10.1080/14760584.2017.1333906.
  • Junqueira-Kipnis AP, Dos Anjos LRB, Barbosa LCS, da Costa AC, Borges KCM, Cardoso ADRO, Ribeiro KM, Rosa SBA, Souza CDC, Das Neves RC, et al. BCG revaccination of health workers in Brazil to improve innate immune responses against COVID-19: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2020;21(1):881. doi:10.1186/s13063-020-04822-0.
  • Ramos-Martinez E, Falfán-Valencia R, Pérez-Rubio G, Andrade WA, Rojas-Serrano J, Ambrocio-Ortiz E, Galicia-Álvarez DS, Bárcenas-Montiel I, Velasco-Medina A, Velázquez-Sámano G, et al. Effect of BCG revaccination on occupationally exposed medical personnel vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Cells. 2021;10(11):3179. doi:10.3390/cells10113179.
  • Upton CM, van Wijk RC, Mockeliunas L, Simonsson USH, McHarry K, van den Hoogen G, Muller C, von Delft A, van der Westhuizen H-M, van Crevel R, et al. Safety and efficacy of BCG re-vaccination in relation to COVID-19 morbidity in healthcare workers: a double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2022;48:101414. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101414.
  • Dockrell HM, Butkeviciute E. Can what have we learnt about BCG vaccination in the last 20 years help us to design a better tuberculosis vaccine? Vaccine. 2022;40(11):1525–33. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.068.
  • Jensen TM, Jensen SK, Birk NM, Rieckmann A, Hoffmann T, Benn CS, Jeppesen DL, Pryds O, Nissen TN. Determinants of Bacille Calmette-Guérin scarification in Danish children. Heliyon. 2021;7(1):e05757. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05757.
  • World Health Organization. Meeting of the global advisory committee on vaccine safety. 2017 June 7–8. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WER9228.
  • Aaby P, Benn CS. BCG: new life for a centenarian vaccine. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(7):897–8. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30714-3.
  • Glynn JR, Dube A, Fielding K, Crampin AC, Kanjala C, Fine PEM, et al. The effect of BCG revaccination on all-cause mortality beyond infancy: 30-year follow-up of a population-based, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial in Malawi. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(11):1590–7. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30994-4.
  • Pittet LF, Fritschi N, Tebruegge M, Dutta B, Donath S, Messina NL, Casalaz D, Hanekom WA, Britton WJ, Robins-Browne R, et al. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin skin reaction predicts enhanced mycobacteria-specific t-cell responses in infants: a. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205(7):830–41. doi:10.1164/rccm.202108-1892OC.
  • Funch KM, Thysen SM, Rodrigues A, Martins CL, Aaby P, Benn CS, Fisker AB. Determinants of BCG scarification among children in rural Guinea-Bissau: a prospective cohort study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(10):1–9. doi:10.1080/21645515.2017.1421879.
  • Soh SB, Han PY, Tam KT, Yung CF, Liew WK, Tan NW, Chong CY, Thoon KC. Investigations into an outbreak of suppurative lymphadenitis with BCG vaccine SSI® in Singapore. Vaccine. 2014;32(44):5809–15. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.032.
  • Villanueva P, Wadia U, Crawford N, Messina NL, Kollmann TR, Lucas M, Manning L, Richmond P, Pittet LF, Curtis N, et al. Revaccination with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is associated with an increased risk of abscess and lymphadenopathy. NPJ Vaccines. 2022;7(1):6. doi:10.1038/s41541-021-00421-5.
  • Roy A, Eisenhut M, Harris RJ, Rodrigues LC, Sridhar S, Habermann S, Snell L, Mangtani P, Adetifa I, Lalvani A, et al. Effect of BCG vaccination against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2014;349(aug04 5):g4643. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4643.
  • Sánchez-García A, Támez-Guerra R, González-Saldivar G, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez R, Ramírez-García LA, Barrera FJ, González-González JG. The safety of BCG revaccination in the context of COVID-19. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023;19(3):2271760. doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2271760.
  • Villanueva P, Crawford NW, Garcia Croda M, et al. Safety of BCG vaccination and revaccination in healthcare workers. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023;19(2):2239088. doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2239088.
  • Yamoah P, Boamah Mensah K, Padayachee N, Bangalee V, Oosthuizen F. Assessment of adherence to pre-vaccination precautions and AEFI reporting practices during BCG vaccination in 4 hospitals in Ghana. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023;19(1):2199654. doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2199654.
  • Savul S, Duthie S. A retrospective audit of neonatal BCG vaccination in Grampian, Scotland. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023;19(3):2281737. doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2281737.
  • Silveira MF, Buffarini R, Bertoldi AD, Santos IS, Barros AJD, Matijasevich A, Menezes AMB, Gonçalves H, Horta BL, Barros FC, et al. The emergence of vaccine hesitancy among upper-class Brazilians: results from four birth cohorts, 1982–2015. Vaccine. 2020;38(3):482–8. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.070.
  • World Health Organization. Recommendations to assure the quality, safety and efficacy of BCG vaccines. Geneva: WHO; 2013. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241209793.
  • Angelidou A, Conti MG, Diray-Arce J, Benn CS, Shann F, Netea MG, Liu M, Potluri LP, Sanchez-Schmitz G, Husson R, et al. Licensed Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) formulations differ markedly in bacterial viability, RNA content and innate immune activation. Vaccine. 2020;38(9):2229–40. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.060.