Performance of sustainable mortars containing blast furnace slag and fine concrete waste: an environmental perspective

References

• ACI 233R. (2003). Slag cement in concrete and mortar. ACI committee report. American Concrete Institute (pp. 1–19).
   Google Scholar
• Alakara, E. H., Sevim, Ö., Demir, İ., & Günel, G. (2022). Effect of waste concrete powder on slag-based sustainable geopolymer composite mortars. Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters, 13(3), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2022.03.003
   Google Scholar
• Amar, B. (2021). Bond behaviour of self-compacting mortar containing construction and demolition waste under elevated temperatures. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 22, 405–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00321-4
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C109. (2013). Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortar. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C1403. (2000). Standard test method for rate of water absorption of masonry mortars. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C1437. (2007). Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C144. (2003). Standard specification for aggregate for masonry mortar. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C191. (2019). Standard test methods for time of setting of hydraulic cement by Vicat needle. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM C270. (2014). Standard specifications for mortar for unit masonry. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• Awang, H., & Aljoumaily, Z. S. (2017). Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on mechanical properties of foam concrete. Cogent Engineering, 4(1), 1409853. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1409853
   Google Scholar
• Blengini, G. A. (2006). Life cycle assessment tools for sustainable development: Case studies for mining and construction industries in Italy and Portugal [PhD thesis]. Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa. https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt
   Google Scholar
• Boden, T. A., & Andres, R. J. (2017). Global CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement manufacturing and gas flaring. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) (pp. 1751–2014). https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2017
   Google Scholar
• BS 1881-114. (1983). Method for determination of density of hardened concrete. British Standards Institution.
   Google Scholar
• BS EN 1008. (2002). Mixing water for concrete. Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete. British Standard Institution.
   Google Scholar
• BS EN 1015-10. (1999). Methods of test for mortar for masonry: Determination of dry bulk density of hardened mortar. British Standards Institution.
   Google Scholar
• BS EN 1015-11. (1999). Methods of test for mortar for masonry: Determination of flexural and compressive strengths of hardened mortar. British Standards Institution.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C., Habert, G., Bouzidi, Y., Jullien, A., & Ventura, A. (2010). LCA allocation procedure used as an incitative method for waste recycling: An application to mineral additions in concrete. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(12), 1231–1240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EN 15804. (2012). Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products. European Committee for Standardization.
   Google Scholar
• Florea, M. V. A., Ning, Z., & Brouwers, H. J. H. (2014). Activation of liberated concrete fines and their application in mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 50, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gastaldi, D., Canonico, F., Capelli, L., Buzzi, L., Boccaleri, E., & Irico, S. (2015). An investigation on the recycling of hydrated cement from concrete demolition waste. Cement and Concrete Composites, 61, 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.04.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y. J., & Choi, Y. W. (2012). Utilization of waste concrete powder as a substitution material for cement. Construction and Building Materials, 30, 500–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.11.042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., Su, Y., Xu, G., Chen, Y., & You, G. (2022). Research progress on controlled low-strength materials: Metallurgical waste slag as cementitious materials. Materials, 15(3), 727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez, P. S., Cortina, M. G., Martínez, F. F., & Sanchez, A. R. (2016). Comparative study of three types of fine recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW), and their use in masonry mortar fabrication. Journal of Cleaner Production, 118, 162–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta, P. K., & Monteiro, P. J. M. (2014). Concrete: Microstructure, properties, and materials (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
   Google Scholar
• Moon, D. J., Moon, H. Y., & Kim, Y. B. (2005). Fundamental properties of mortar containing waste concrete powder. Geosystem Engineering, 8(4), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/12269328.2005.10541243
   Google Scholar
• Ngo, S. H., Nguyen, N. T., & Nguyen, X. H. (2022). Assessing the effect of GGBFS content on mechanical and durability properties of high-strength mortars. Civil Engineering Journal, 8(5), 938–950. https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-07
   Google Scholar
• Ohemeng, E. A., & Ekolu, S. O. (2019). Strength prediction model for cement mortar made with waste LDPE as fine aggregate. Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 8(4), 228–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2019.1625826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohemeng, E. A., & Naghizadeh, A. (2023). Alternative cleaner production of masonry mortar from fly ash and waste concrete powder. Construction and Building Materials, 374, 130859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130859
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohemeng, E. A., Ramabodu, M. S., & Nena, T. D. (2023). Utilization of blast furnace slag as an enhancer in masonry mortars made with thermally treated waste concrete powder. Buildings, 13(10), 2616. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohemeng, E. A. (2023). Potentials of waste concrete elements for production of construction materials [PhD thesis]. University of Johannesburg. http://hdl.handle.net/102000/0002
   Google Scholar
• Oksri-Nelfia, L., Mahieux, P. Y., Amiri, O., Turcry, P., & Lux, J. (2016). Reuse of recycled crushed concrete fines as mineral addition in cementitious materials. Materials and Structures, 49(8), 3239–3251. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0716-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oleiwi, S. M. (2021). Compressive strength of mortar with partial replacement of cement by fly ash and GGBFS. Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences, 14(4), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14412
   Google Scholar
• Prošek, Z., Nežerka, V., Hlůžek, R., Trejbal, J., Tesárek, P., & Karra’a, G. (2019). Role of lime, fly ash, and slag in cement pastes containing recycled concrete fines. Construction and Building Materials, 201, 702–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambowo, K. A., Ramadhan, M. A., & Igirisa, F. (2021). Effect of GGBFS on compressive strength, porosity, and absorption in mortars. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 832, 012012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/832/1/012012
   Google Scholar
• Thakur, L. C., Kumar, S., & Singh, J. P. (2016). Assessment of the properties of cement and mortar using GGBS. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(8), 15224–15231. https://doi.org/10.15680/IJIRSET.2016.0508098
   Google Scholar
• Thays, C. F. O., Bianca, G. S. D., & Edna, P. (2020). Use of concrete fine fraction waste as a replacement of Portland cement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 273, 123126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, H., Yang, D., Xu, J., Liang, C., & Ma, Z. (2021). Water transport and resistance improvement for the cementitious composites with eco-friendly powder from various concrete wastes. Construction and Building Materials, 290, 123247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123247
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xianwei, MW., & Zhenyu, W. (2013). Effect of ground waste concrete powder on cement properties. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 918294. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/918294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar