Risk Factors in Patients with Low Back Pain Under 40 Years Old: Quantitative Analysis Based on Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging mDIXON-Quant

References

• Angarita-Fonseca A, Pagé MG, Meloto CB, et al; Quebec Back Pain Consortium, & Quebec Back Pain Consortium. The Canadian version of the national institutes of health minimum dataset for chronic low back pain research: reference values from the Quebec low back pain study. Pain. 2023;164(2):325–335. doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002703
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):1789–1858. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi L, Yan B, Jiao Y, et al. Correlation between the fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles and disc degeneration and the underlying mechanism. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):509. doi:10.1186/s12891-022-05466-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekşi MŞ, Özcan-Ekşi EE, Özmen BB, et al. Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration, end-plates and paraspinal muscle changes in children and adolescents with low-back pain. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2022;31(1):93–102. doi:10.1097/BPB.0000000000000833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özcan-ekşi EE, Börekci A, Ekşi MŞ. Facet joint orientation/tropism could be associated with fatty infiltration in the lumbar paraspinal muscles. World Neurosurg. 2023;173:e606–e615. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özcan-ekşi EE, Ekşi MŞ, Turgut VU, Canbolat Ç, Pamir MN. Reciprocal relationship between multifidus and psoas at L4-L5 level in women with low back pain. Br J Neurosurg. 2021;35(2):220–228. doi:10.1080/02688697.2020.1783434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JS, Park YS, Kim J, Hur J, Choe DH. Sarcopenia and fatty degeneration of paraspinal muscle associated with increased sagittal vertical axis in the elderly: a cross-sectional study in 71 female patients. Eur Spine J. 2020;29(6):1353–1361. doi:10.1007/s00586-020-06416-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng X, Li X, Xu Z, et al. Age-related fatty infiltration of lumbar paraspinal muscles: a normative reference database study in 516 Chinese females. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2020;10(8):1590–1601. doi:10.21037/qims-19-835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim EH, Kim KW, Shin Y, et al. Reference data and t-scores of lumbar skeletal muscle area and its skeletal muscle indices measured by CT scan in a healthy Korean population. J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021;76(2):265–271. doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Wang Y, Zhang X, et al. Associations of muscle size and fatty infiltration with bone mineral density of the proximal femur bone. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:990487. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.990487
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khil EK, Choi JA, Hwang E, Sidek S, Choi I. Paraspinal back muscles in asymptomatic volunteers: quantitative and qualitative analysis using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21(1):403. doi:10.1186/s12891-020-03432-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murata Y, Nakamura E, Tsukamoto M, et al. Longitudinal study of risk factors for decreased cross-sectional area of psoas major and paraspinal muscle in 1849 individuals. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):16986. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-96448-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki T, Yoshimura N, Hashizume H, et al. MRI-defined paraspinal muscle morphology in Japanese population: the Wakayama spine study. PLoS One. 2017;12(11):e0187765. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Wang ZM, Ross R. Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18-88 yr. J Appl Physiol. 2000;89(1):81–88. doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaltırık K, Güdü BO, Işık Y, Altunok Ç, Tipi U, Atalay B. Volumetric muscle measurements indicate significant muscle degeneration in single-level disc herniation patients. World Neurosurg. 2018;116:e500–e504. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.05.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WH, Lee SH, Lee DY. Changes in the cross-sectional area of multifidus and psoas in unilateral sciatica caused by lumbar disc herniation. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2011;50(3):201–204. doi:10.3340/jkns.2011.50.3.201
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Wang L, Zeng X, et al. Association of paraspinal muscle CSA and PDFF measurements with lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in patients with chronic low back pain. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:792819. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.792819
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogon I, Takebayashi T, Takashima H, et al. Quantitative analysis concerning atrophy and fat infiltration of the multifidus muscle with magnetic resonance spectroscopy in chronic low back pain. Spine Surg Relat Res. 2018;3(2):163–170. doi:10.22603/ssrr.2018-0023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glassman SD, Bridwell K, Dimar JR, Horton W, Berven S, Schwab F. The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity. Spine. 2005;30(18):2024–2029. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000179086.30449.96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long RG, Ferguson SJ, Benneker LM, et al. Morphological and biomechanical effects of annulus fibrosus injury and repair in an ovine cervical model. JOR Spine. 2019;3(1):e1074. doi:10.1002/jsp2.1074
   Google Scholar
• Gooyers CE, Callaghan JP. Peak stress in the annulus fibrosus under cyclic biaxial tensile loading. J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(5):051006. doi:10.1115/1.4032996
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li XF, Xue CC, Zhao YJ, et al. Deletion of opg leads to increased neovascularization and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the lumbar intervertebral disc of mice. Spine. 2017;42(1):E8–E14. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001701
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinjikji W, Diehn FE, Jarvik JG, et al. MRI findings of disc degeneration are more prevalent in adults with low back pain than in asymptomatic controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(12):2394–2399. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooley JR, Walker BF, Ardakani M, et al. Relationships between paraspinal muscle morphology and neurocompressive conditions of the lumbar spine: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19(1):351. doi:10.1186/s12891-018-2266-5
   Google Scholar
• Zhao X, Liang H, Hua Z, et al. The morphological characteristics of paraspinal muscles in young patients with unilateral neurological symptoms of lumbar disc herniation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):994. doi:10.1186/s12891-022-05968-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding JZ, Kong C, Li XY, Sun XY, Lu SB, Zhao GG. Different degeneration patterns of paraspinal muscles in degenerative lumbar diseases: a MRI analysis of 154 patients. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(3):764–773. doi:10.1007/s00586-021-07053-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hebert JJ, Kjaer P, Fritz JM, Walker BF. The relationship of lumbar multifidus muscle morphology to previous, current, and future low back pain: a 9-year population-based prospective cohort study. Spine. 2014;39(17):1417–1425. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000000424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey JF, Fields AJ, Ballatori A, et al. The relationship between endplate pathology and patient-reported symptoms for chronic low back pain depends on lumbar paraspinal muscle quality. Spine. 2019;44(14):1010–1017. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000003035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakar S, Sivaraju L, Aryan S, Mohan D, Sai Kiran NA, Hegde AS. Lumbar paraspinal muscle morphometry and its correlations with demographic and radiological factors in adult isthmic spondylolisthesis: a retrospective review of 120 surgically managed cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;24(5):679–685. doi:10.3171/2015.9.SPINE15705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang R, Pan F, Kong C, Lu S. Age- and sex-dependent differences in the morphology and composition of paraspinal muscles between subjects with and without lumbar degenerative diseases. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):734. doi:10.1186/s12891-022-05692-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyun SJ, Bae CW, Lee SH, Rhim SC. Fatty degeneration of the paraspinal muscle in patients with degenerative lumbar kyphosis: a new evaluation method of quantitative digital analysis using MRI and CT scan. Clin Spine Surg. 2016;29(10):441–447. doi:10.1097/BSD.0b013e3182aa28b0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prasetyo M, Nindita N, Murdana IN, Prihartono J, Setiawan SI. Computed tomography evaluation of fat infiltration ratio of the multifidus muscle in chronic low back pain patients. Eur J Radiol Open. 2020;7:100293. doi:10.1016/j.ejro.2020.100293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu ZJ, He J, Zhao FD, Fang XQ, Zhou LN, Fan SW. An assessment of the intra- and inter-reliability of the lumbar paraspinal muscle parameters using CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging. Spine. 2011;36(13):E868–E874. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181ef6b51
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu L, Zha YF, Wang L, et al. Quantitative evaluation of vertebral microvascular permeability and fat fraction in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Radiology. 2018;287(1):128–136. doi:10.1148/radiol.2017170760
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer MA, Nanz D, Shimakawa A, et al. Quantification of muscle fat in patients with low back pain: comparison of multi-echo MR imaging with single-voxel MR spectroscopy. Radiology. 2013;266(2):555–563. doi:10.1148/radiol.12120399
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar