The Effect of Singular Nonverbal Behaviours of Experimenters on Pain Reports

References

• Kelley JM, Kraft-Todd G, Schapira L, Kossowsky J, Riess H. The influence of the patient-clinician relationship on healthcare outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e94207. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirsch I. Specifying nonspecifics: psychological mechanisms of placebo effects. Placebo Effect. 1997;1:166–186.
   Google Scholar
• Levine J, Gordon N, Fields H. The mechanism of placebo analgesia. Lancet. 1978;312(8091):654–657. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(78)92762-9
   Google Scholar
• Miller FG, Kaptchuk TJ. The power of context: reconceptualizing the placebo effect. J R Soc Med. 2008;101(5):222–225. doi:10.1258/jrsm.2008.070466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kállai I, Barke A, Voss U. The effects of experimenter characteristics on pain reports in women and men. Pain. 2004;112(1–2):142–147. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.08.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine FM, De Simone LL. The effects of experimenter gender on pain report in male and female subjects. Pain. 1991;44(1):69–72. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90149-R
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gracely R, Dubner R, Deeter W, Wolskee P. CLINICIANS’ EXPECTATIONS INFLUENCE PLACEBO ANALGESIA. Lancet. 1985;325(8419):43. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90984-5
   Google Scholar
• Kaptchuk TJ, Kelley JM, Conboy LA, et al. Components of placebo effect: randomised controlled trial in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. BMJ. 2008;336(7651):999–1003. doi:10.1136/bmj.39524.439618.25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniali H, Flaten MA. A qualitative systematic review of effects of provider characteristics and nonverbal behavior on pain, and placebo and nocebo effects. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2019;10:432431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruben MA, Blanch-Hartigan D, Hall JA. Nonverbal communication as a pain reliever: the impact of physician supportive nonverbal behavior on experimentally induced pain. Health Communication. 2017;32(8):970–976. doi:10.1080/10410236.2016.1196418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambady N, Gray HM. On being sad and mistaken: mood effects on the accuracy of thin-slice judgments. J Person Soc Psycho. 2002;83(4):947. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp ML, Hall JA, Horgan TG. Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction. Cengage Learning; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Ambady N, Bernieri FJ, Richeson JA. Toward a histology of social behavior: judgmental accuracy from thin slices of the behavioral stream. In: Mark P. Zanna Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol32. Elsevier; 2000:201–271.
   Google Scholar
• Necka EA, Amir C, Dildine TC, Atlas LY. Expectations about pain and analgesic treatment are shaped by medical providers’ facial appearances: evidence from five online clinical simulation experiments. Soc sci med. 2021;281:114091. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentini E, Martini M, Lee M, Aglioti SM, Iannetti G. Seeing facial expressions enhances placebo analgesia. PAIN. 2014;155(4):666–673. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.11.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraft-Todd GT, Reinero DA, Kelley JM, Heberlein AS, Baer L, Riess H. Empathic nonverbal behavior increases ratings of both warmth and competence in a medical context. PLoS One. 2017;12(5):e0177758. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen P-HA, Cheong JH, Jolly E, Elhence H, Wager TD, Chang LJ. Socially transmitted placebo effects. Nat Human Behav. 2019;3(12):1295–1305. doi:10.1038/s41562-019-0749-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czerniak E, Biegon A, Ziv A, et al. Manipulating the placebo response in experimental pain by altering doctor’s performance style. Frontiers in Psychology. 2016;7:874. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colloca L, Akintola T, Haycock NR, et al. Prior therapeutic experiences, not expectation ratings, predict placebo effects: an experimental study in chronic pain and healthy participants. Psycho Psychos. 2020;89(6):371–378. doi:10.1159/000507400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslaksen PM, Bystad M, Vambheim SM, Flaten MA. Gender differences in placebo analgesia: event-related potentials and emotional modulation. Psychosomatic Med. 2011;73(2):193–199. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182080d73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyby PS, Aslaksen PM, Flaten MA. Is fear of pain related to placebo analgesia? J Psycho Res. 2010;68(4):369–377. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.10.009
   Google Scholar
• Vambheim SM, Flaten MA. A systematic review of sex differences in the placebo and the nocebo effect. J Pain Res. 2017;Volume 10:1831–1839. doi:10.2147/JPR.S134745
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enck P, Klosterhalfen S. Does sex/gender play a role in placebo and nocebo effects? Conflicting evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies. Front Neurosci. 2019;13:160. doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNeil DW, Rainwater AJ. Development of the fear of pain questionnaire-III. J Behaviorl Med. 1998;21(4):389–410. doi:10.1023/A:1018782831217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyby PS, Aslaksen PM, Flaten MA. Variability in placebo analgesia and the role of fear of pain—an ERP study. PAIN. 2011;152(10):2405–2412. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.07.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslaksen PM, Flaten MA. The roles of physiological and subjective stress in the effectiveness of a placebo on experimentally induced pain. Psychosomatic Med. 2008;70(7):811–818. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31818105ed
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniali H, Flaten MA. Placebo analgesia, nocebo hyperalgesia, and the cardiovascular system: a qualitative systematic review. Front Physiol. 2020;11:549807. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.549807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollo A, Vighetti S, Rainero I, Benedetti F. Placebo analgesia and the heart. Pain. 2003;102(1–2):125–133. doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00345-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frangos E, Richards EA, Bushnell MC. Do the psychological effects of vagus nerve stimulation partially mediate vagal pain modulation? Neurobiol Pain. 2017;1:37–45. doi:10.1016/j.ynpai.2017.03.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koenig J, Jarczok M, Ellis R, Hillecke T, Thayer JF. Heart rate variability and experimentally induced pain in healthy adults: a systematic review. Eur J Pain. 2014;18(3):301–314. doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00379.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thayer JF, Lane RD. Claude Bernard and the heart–brain connection: further elaboration of a model of neurovisceral integration. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009;33(2):81–88. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniali H, Ruben MA, Flaten MA. Systematic manipulation of experimenters’ non-verbal behaviors for the investigation of pain reports and placebo effects. Frontiers in Psycho. 2023;14:1248127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunter T, Siess F, Colloca L. Socially induced placebo analgesia: a comparison of a pre‐recorded versus live face‐to‐face observation. Eur J Pain. 2014;18(7):914–922. doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00436.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niskanen J-P, Tarvainen MP, Ranta-Aho PO, Karjalainen PA. Software for advanced HRV analysis. Comput Meth Prog Biomed. 2004;76(1):73–81. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2004.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarvainen M, Lipponen J, Niskanen J, Ranta-aho p. kubios HRV software: user’s guide. kubios oy; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Lipponen JA, Tarvainen MP. A robust algorithm for heart rate variability time series artefact correction using novel beat classification. J Med Eng Technol. 2019;43(3):173–181. doi:10.1080/03091902.2019.1640306
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Price DD, McGrath PA, Rafii A, Buckingham B. The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain. Pain. 1983;17(1):45–56. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(83)90126-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackay C, Cox T, Burrows G, Lazzerini T. An inventory for the measurement of self-reported stress and arousal. British J Soc Clini Psycho. 1978;17(3):283–284. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1978.tb00280.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vambheim SM, Daniali H, Flaten MA. Placebo effects on stress, but not on pain reports. a multi-experiment study. Frontiers in Psycho. 2021;12:639236. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.639236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjørkedal E, Flaten MA. Interaction between expectancies and drug effects: an experimental investigation of placebo analgesia with caffeine as an active placebo. Psychopharmacology. 2011;215(3):537–548. doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2233-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crosta Ahlforn K, Bojner Horwitz E, Osika W. A Swedish version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure. Scand j Primary Health Care. 2017;35(3):286–292. doi:10.1080/02813432.2017.1358853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vambheim SM, Lyby PS, Aslaksen PM, Flaten MA, Åsli O, Martinussen LM. The fear of pain questionnaire-III and the fear of pain questionnaire-short form: a confirmatory factor analysis. J Pain Res. 2017;Volume 10:1871–1878. doi:10.2147/JPR.S133032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John OP, Donahue EM, Kentle RL. Big five inventory. J Person Soc Psycho. 1991;113(1):117
   Google Scholar
• Olejnik S, Algina J. Generalized eta and omega squared statistics: measures of effect size for some common research designs. Psycho Meth. 2003;8(4):434. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.8.4.434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcox RR. Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing. Academic press; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Blanca Mena MJ, Alarcón Postigo R, Arnau Gras J, Bono Cabré R, Bendayan R. Non-normal data: is ANOVA still a valid option? Psicothema. 2017;29(num 4):552–557. doi:10.7334/psicothema2016.383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson RA, Wichern DW Applied multivariate statistical analysis. 2002.
   Google Scholar
• He X, Sun Q, Stetler C. Warm communication style strengthens expectations and increases perceived improvement. Health Communication. 2018;33(8):939–945. doi:10.1080/10410236.2017.1322482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniali H, Hunsbeth PL, Flaten MA. Effects of open and hidden administration of treatment-related information; a multi-experiment study. Psychol Health. 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Daniali H, Ruben MA, Flaten MA Systematic manipulation of experimenter’s nonverbal behaviors for the investigation of placebo effects. 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Flaten MA, Bjørkedal E, Lyby PS, Figenschau Y, Aslaksen PM. Failure to find a conditioned placebo analgesic response. Frontiers in Psycho. 2018;9:1198. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyby PS, Forsberg JT, Åsli O, Flaten MA. Induced fear reduces the effectiveness of a placebo intervention on pain. PAIN. 2012;153(5):1114–1121. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.02.042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flaten MA, Aslaksen PM, Lyby PS, Bjørkedal E. The relation of emotions to placebo responses. Philos Trans R Soc B. 2011;366(1572):1818–1827. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colloca L, Pine DS, Ernst M, Miller FG, Grillon C. Vasopressin boosts placebo analgesic effects in women: a randomized trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2016;79(10):794–802. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.07.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pei J, Chen H, Ma T, et al. Pain catastrophizing and associated factors in preoperative total knee arthroplasty in Lanzhou, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculo Dis. 2022;23(1):1–8. doi:10.1186/s12891-022-05435-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Osch M, van Dulmen S, Van Vliet L, Bensing J. Specifying the effects of physician’s communication on patients’ outcomes: a randomised controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2017;100(8):1482–1489. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2017.03.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen JF, Andersen PA, Jensen AD. The measurement of nonverbal immediacy. J app commun res. 1979;7(2):153–180. doi:10.1080/00909887909365204
   Google Scholar
• Iacovides S, Avidon I, Baker F. Does pain vary across the menstrual cycle? A review. Eur J Pain. 2015;19(10):1389–1405. doi:10.1002/ejp.714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keogh E. Sex and gender differences in pain: past, present, and future. Pain. 2022;163(S1):S108–S16. doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002738
   PubMedGoogle Scholar