245
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Terson Syndrome – Clinical Presentation, Management, and Visual Outcomes in a Tertiary Centre

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , ORCID Icon, , , & show all
Pages 351-359 | Received 16 Nov 2022, Accepted 09 Jan 2023, Published online: 25 Jan 2023

References

  • Litten M. Ueber einige vom allgemein-klinischen Standpunkt aus interessante Augenveränderungen. Berl Klin Wochenschr. 1881;18:23–27.
  • Terson A. De l’hémorrhagie dans le corps vitre au cours de l’hémorrhagie cerebrale. Clin Ophthalmol. 1900;6:309–312.
  • Kumaria A, Gruener AM, Dow GR, Smith SJ, Macarthur DC, Ingale HA. An explanation for Terson syndrome at last: the glymphatic reflux theory. J Neurol. 2022;269(3):1264–1271. doi:10.1007/s00415-021-10686-4
  • Raevis J, Elmalem VI. Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome causing a terson like syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020;20:100993. doi:10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100993
  • Ko F, Knox DL. The ocular pathology of Terson’s syndrome. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(7):1423–9.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.11.028
  • Czorlich P, Skevas C, Knospe V, Vettorazzi E, Westphal M, Regelsberger J. Terson’s syndrome - Pathophysiologic considerations of an underestimated concomitant disease in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2016;33:182–186. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2016.04.015
  • Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Lee GP, et al. Terson hemorrhage in patients suffering aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: predisposing factors and prognostic significance. J Neurosurg. 2008;109(3):439–444. doi:10.3171/JNS/2008/109/9/0439
  • Stewart MW, Hasan SA, Collins C, et al. Can baseline computed tomography scans be used to identify patients at high risk of vision loss due to terson syndrome? Am J Ophthalmol. 2020;211:217–228. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2019.09.016
  • Ballantyne AJ. THE OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF SPONTANEOUS SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE. Br J Ophthalmol. 1943;27(9):383–414. doi:10.1136/bjo.27.9.383
  • Manschot WA. Subarachnoid hemorrhage; intraocular symptoms and their pathogenesis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1954;38(4):501–505. doi:10.1016/0002-9394(54)90700-X
  • Cordes FC. Subhyaloid Hemorrhage Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*: report of Two Cases. Am J Ophthalmol. 1953;36(9):1192–8b. doi:10.1016/0002-9394(53)92282-X
  • Walsh FB, Hedges TR. Optic nerve sheath hemorrhage. Am J Ophthalmol. 1951;34(4):509–527. doi:10.1016/0002-9394(51)90294-2
  • Nazarali S, Kherani I, Hurley B, et al. OUTCOMES OF VITRECTOMY IN TERSON SYNDROME: a Multicenter Canadian Perspective. Retina. 2020;40(7):1325–1330. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000002570
  • Clarkson JG, Flynn HW Jr, Daily MJ. Vitrectomy in Terson’s syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1980;90(4):549–552. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(14)75027-5
  • Narayanan R, Taylor SC, Nayaka A, et al. Visual outcomes after vitrectomy for terson syndrome secondary to traumatic brain injury. Ophthalmology. 2017;124(1):118–122. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.09.009
  • Liu X, Yang L, Cai W, Gao L, Li Y. Clinical features and visual prognostic indicators after vitrectomy for Terson syndrome. Eye. 2020;34(4):650–656. doi:10.1038/s41433-019-0547-3
  • Hong EH, Seong M, Yeom H, et al. Incidence of Terson Syndrome in Treated Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in South Korea: a National Health Insurance Database Study. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):19048. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55566-0
  • Kang HM, Cho JM, Kim SY, Choi JH. Clinical characteristics of asymptomatic Terson syndrome in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Int J Ophthalmol. 2020;13(2):292–300. doi:10.18240/ijo.2020.02.14
  • Gnanaraj L, Tyagi AK, Cottrell DG, et al. Referral delay and ocular surgical outcome in Terson syndrome. Retina. 2000;20(4):374–377. doi:10.1097/00006982-200007000-00009
  • Aboulhosn R, Raju B, Jumah F, et al. Terson’s syndrome, the current concepts and management strategies: a review of literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;210:107008. doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107008
  • Winter FC. Ocular hemosiderosis. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1967;71(5):813–819.
  • Wise JB. Treatment of experimental siderosis bulbi, vitreous hemorrhage, and corneal blood staining with deferoxamine. Arch Ophthalmol. 1966;75(5):698–707. doi:10.1001/archopht.1966.00970050700023
  • Spraul CW, Grossniklaus HE. Vitreous Hemorrhage. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;42(1):3–39. doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(97)84041-6
  • Shaw HE Jr, Landers MB 3rd. Vitreous hemorrhage after intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Ophthalmol. 1975;80(2):207–213. doi:10.1016/0002-9394(75)90134-8
  • Ritland JS, Syrdalen P, Eide N, Vatne HO, Øvergaard R. Outcome of vitrectomy in patients with Terson syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2002;80(2):172–175. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.2002.800210.x
  • Kuhn F, Morris R, Witherspoon CD, Mester V. Terson syndrome: Results of vitrectomy and the significance of vitreous hemorrhage in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(3):472–477.
  • Garweg JG, Koerner F. Outcome indicators for vitrectomy in Terson syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol. 2009;87(2):222–226. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01200.x