Visual Impairment and Its Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients in Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia

References

• WHO. Blindness and vision impairment; 2020. Available from: https://wwwwhoint/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment. Accessed August 7, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Azuamah Y, Amadi A, Esenwah E, Coa A, Ec A. Visual acuity and impairment among hypertensive adults in okagwe ohafia, abia state, Nigeria. Int J Adv Res. 2011;1:54–66.
   Google Scholar
• Congdon N, O’Colmain B, Klaver CC, et al. Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122(4):477–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He Y, Nie A, Pei J, et al. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in population more than 50 years old: the Shaanxi Eye Study. Medicine. 2020;99(20):e20109. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000020109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu JY, Yan L, Chen YD, et al. Population-based survey of prevalence, causes, and risk factors for blindness and visual impairment in an aging Chinese metropolitan population. Int J Ophthalmol. 2017;10(1):140–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahloun R, Jelliti B, Zaouali S, et al. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in diabetic patients in Tunisia, North Africa. Eye. 2014;28(8):986–991. doi:10.1038/eye.2014.131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maake MM, Oduntan OA. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in patients seen at Nkhensani Hospital Eye Clinic, South Africa. World Rep Vision. 2016;18(1):232.
   Google Scholar
• Maake MM, Oduntan OA. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in patients seen at Nkhensani Hospital Eye Clinic, South Africa. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2015;7(1):728. doi:10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.728
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triwijoyo BK, Pradipto YD. Detection of hypertension retinopathy using deep learning and Boltzmann machines. J Phys Conf Ser. 2017;801:012039.
   Google Scholar
• Bhargava M, Ikram MK, Wong TY. How does hypertension affect your eyes? J Hum Hypertens. 2012;26(2):71–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider Rosen K. Ocular effects of hypertension. Darryl Meister Educ Forum. 2024;26(2):71–83.
   Google Scholar
• Judy E, Kim M. Hypertensive retinopathy. Eyewiki. 2020;14(6):581–590.
   Google Scholar
• Katsi V, Marketou M, Vlachopoulos C, et al. Impact of arterial hypertension on the eye. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2012;14(6):581–590. doi:10.1007/s11906-012-0283-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun C, Ladores C, Hong J, et al. Systemic hypertension associated retinal microvascular changes can be detected with optical coherence tomography angiography. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):9580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Team AsMK. Hypertensive Retinopathy; 2020. Available from: https://adacom/conditions/hypertensive-retinopathy/. Accessed August 7, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Tien Wong PM. The eye in hypertension. Clin Exp Optom. 2007;369:425–435.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Eye health | WHO | Regional Office for Africa; 2020. Available from: https://wwwafrowhoint/health-topics/eye-health. Accessed August 7, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Gashaw M, Janakiraman B, Minyihun A, Jember G, Sany K. Self-reported fall and associated factors among adult people with visual impairment in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):498. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08628-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherinet FM, Tekalign SY, Anbesse DH, Bizuneh ZY. Prevalence and associated factors of low vision and blindness among patients attending St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18(1):232. doi:10.1186/s12886-018-0899-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan X, Chen L, Yan H. Socio-economic status, visual impairment and the mediating role of lifestyles in developed rural areas of China. PLoS One. 2019;14(4):e0215329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang WL, Chen N, Sheu MM, Wang JH, Hsu WL, Hu YJ. The prevalence and risk factors of visual impairment among the elderly in Eastern Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2016;32(9):475–481. doi:10.1016/j.kjms.2016.07.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marmamula S, Barrenakala NR, Challa R, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for visual impairment among elderly residents in ‘homes for the aged’ in India: the Hyderabad Ocular Morbidity in Elderly Study (HOMES). Br J Ophthalmol. 2021;105(1):32–36. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abeysena C, Champa H. Prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged forty years and above in a medical officer of health area in Sri Lanka: cross-Sectional Study. Int Arch Public Health Community Med. 2018;2:1.
   Google Scholar
• Falahaty K. Disability among elderly people with visual impairment in two welfare homes in Malaysia. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2015;8(2):1369–1382. doi:10.13005/bpj/897
   Google Scholar
• Mabaso RG, Oduntan OA. Risk factors for visual impairment and blindness amongst black adult diabetics receiving treatment at Government healthcare facilities in Mopani District, Limpopo province, South Africa. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2014;6(1):E1–E8. doi:10.4102/phcfm.v6i1.623
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gbessemehlan A, Helmer C, Delcourt C, et al. Cardiovascular health and near visual impairment among older adults in the Republic of Congo: a Population-Based Study. J Gerontol Ser A. 2020;76(5):842–850. doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa304
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welp A, Woodbury RB, McCoy MA, Teutsch SM. Approaches to Reduce Vision, Impairment Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US) Copyright 2016 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Merrie YA, Tegegne MM, Munaw MB, Alemu HW. Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among school-age children in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin Optom. 2019;11:135–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdianwall MH, Güçiz Doğan B. Prevalence of visual impairment and related factors in Nangarhar Province of Afghanistan: a cross sectional study. Int J Ophthalmol. 2018;11(12):1968–1977.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Addo EK, Akuffo KO, Sewpaul R, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). BMC Ophthalmol. 2021;21(1):1. doi:10.1186/s12886-020-01714-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An Y, Joo C-K. The U-shaped association between self-reported sleep duration and visual impairment in Korean adults: a population-based study. Sleep Med. 2016;26:30–36. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuertey BD, Amissah-Arthur KN, Addai J, et al. Prevalence, causes, and factors associated with visual impairment and blindness among registered pensioners in Ghana. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:1717464. doi:10.1155/2019/1717464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diress M, Yeshaw Y, Bantihun M, et al. Refractive error and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care unit at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2021;16(2):e0246174. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernest-Nwoke IO, Ozor MO, Akpamu U, Oyakhire MO. Relationship between body mass index, blood pressure, and visual acuity in residents of Esan West local government area of Edo State, Nigeria. Physiol J. 2014;2014:510460. doi:10.1155/2014/510460
   Google Scholar
• CDC. Healthy weight, nutrition, and physical activity, about adult BMI; 2007. Available from: https://wwwcdcgov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/indexhtml. Accessed August 7, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• CDC. NCHS, National health interview survey, special topics, adult tobacco use information; 2019. Available from: https://wwwcdcgov/nchs/nhis/tobacco/tobacco_glossaryhtm. Accessed August 7, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Mondal R, Matin M, Rani M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of hypertensive retinopathy in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens. 2017;06:2167.
   Google Scholar
• Peltzer K, Phaswana-Mafuya N. Association between visual impairment and low vision and sleep duration and quality among older adults in South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(7):811. doi:10.3390/ijerph14070811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi S, Arabi A, Shahraki T. Alcohol and the eye. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2021;16(2):260–270. doi:10.18502/jovr.v16i2.9089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeried FM, Alshalan FA, Simmons D, Osuagwu UL. Visual impairment among adults in Saudi Arabia. Clin Exp Optom. 2020;103(6):858–864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loh KY, Ogle J. Age related visual impairment in the elderly. Med J Malaysia. 2004;59(4):562–8, quiz 9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Luqman Ali Bahoo M, Khalid MS, Haq M. Relationship between duration of hypertension and vision problems in patients hypertensive patients: a cross-sectional survey. Med Forum Mon. 2019;30:103–107.
   Google Scholar
• Erden S, Bicakci E. Hypertensive retinopathy: incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012;34(6):397–401. doi:10.3109/10641963.2012.663028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu C, Teng C, Chow J, et al. Risk factors for visual impairment associated with corneal diseases in southern China. Clin Ophthalmol. 2016;10:777. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S103302
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zungu T, Mdala S, Manda C, Twabi HS, Kayange P, Ashkenazi I. Characteristics and visual outcome of ocular trauma patients at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Malawi. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0246155. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pradhan E. Ocular trauma: prevention. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2017;8(2):107. doi:10.3126/nepjoph.v8i2.16990
   Google Scholar
• Aghadoost D. A brief overview of ocular trauma. Arch Trauma Res. 2014;3(2):e21639. doi:10.5812/atr.21639
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li Z, Xu K, Wu S, et al. Alcohol consumption and visual impairment in a rural Northern Chinese population. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2014;21(6):384–390. doi:10.3109/09286586.2014.967360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan AZ, Li Y, Zhang X, et al. Alcohol consumption, drinking pattern, and self-reported visual impairment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2012;19(1):8–15. doi:10.3109/09286586.2011.591037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozgonul C, Sertoglu E, Mumcuoglu T. Determination of visual impairment associated with alcohol consumption. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2015;22(2):142–143. doi:10.3109/09286586.2015.1010690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mize RR. The organization of GABAergic neurons in the mammalian superior colliculus. Prog Brain Res. 1992;90:219–248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong J-L, Lou X-T, Yuan Y-X, et al. The increased expression of GABA receptors within the arcuate nucleus is associated with high intraocular pressure. Mol Vis. 2018;24:574–586.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva JBS, Cristino ED, Almeida N, Medeiros P, Santos NAD. Effects of acute alcohol ingestion on eye movements and cognition: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PLoS One. 2017;12(10):e0186061. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roche DJ, King AC. Alcohol impairment of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements: impact of risk factors for alcohol dependence. Psychopharmacology. 2010;212(1):33–44. doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1906-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartung B, Schwender H, Ritz-Timme S, Küppers L, Roth EH, Daldrup T. Ophthalmologic examinations under the acute influence of alcohol. Legal Med. 2020;46:101722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar