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Original Articles

Les cristallisations de calcite associées à des restes végétaux (algues, feuilles) en milieu fluviatile et lacustre, actuel et ancien (tufs et travertins)

Pages 69-74 | Published online: 10 Jul 2014
 

Résumé

Les travertins et tufs calcaires sont maintenant considérés comme des stromatolites d'eau douce. Ils sont formés d'enduits calcifiques localisés sur des substrats inertes, sur des organismes vivants et sur des filaments algaires ou cyanobactériens. Ils appartiennent à trois types principaux:

gros cristaux de calcite développés autour des pédoncules gélatineux de certaines Diatomées (Cymbella), trichomes de Cyanobactéries (Rivularia), et filaments d'Algues (Gongrosira, Batrachospermum, Vaucheria);

petits cristaux (micrite), autour des gaines, renfermant un nombre variable de trichomes, de Cyanophycées (Lyngbya, Schizothrix, Phormidium);

pédoncules calcifiés d'Algues unicellulaires (Oocardium, Desmidiale).

Summary

Travertines and calcareous tufa are now considered as stromatolites. They consist in coating of inert substrates, living organisms and algal filaments. They are of three types:

large crystals of calcite around gelatinous stalks of some Diatoms (Cymbella), trichomes of Cyanophyts (Rivularia), or filaments of Algae (Gongrosira, Batrachospermum, Vaucheria);

small crystals (micrite) around the sheats (containing one or more trichomes) of some Cyanophyts (Lyngbya, Schizothrix, Phormidium);

calcified stalks of unicellular Algae (Oocardium, Desmidiale).

All these calcifications are known from the beggining of this century, and now studied with electron microscope and isotopie methods. It is important for comparison with crystallizations resulting from early diagenesis in sedimentary rocks.

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