Synthesis of Concentric Circular Antenna Array Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

Abstract

Through the ages the importance of the swarm intelligence-based algorithm has gained popularity in the field of optimization. The Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is one such popular meta-heuristics nature inspired swarm intelligence-based algorithm which is well accepted for solving optimization problems, as it is simple and capable to obtain optimal results efficiently. In this paper, few benchmark functions along with radiation patterns of concentric circular antenna array are presented and their performance is optimized using WOA. Simulation results are shown by taking various benchmark functions, namely: Three hump & Six hump camel function, Ackley, Egg Crate Function, and Egg Holder Function. The capability of the WOA algorithm is also tested through pattern synthesis with respect to the thinned array as well as non-uniformly excited array for four diverse sets of CCAA geometries. When comparison is being done with respect to renowned and most popular optimization approaches like PSO, the WOA technique proves to be excellent in terms of maximum SLL suppression. Optimization results show the better capability of WOA in the field of optimization.

KEYWORDS:

• Benchmark functions
• Concentric Circular Antenna Array (CCAA)
• Meta-heuristics algorithm
• Optimization
• Side Lobe Level (SLL)
• Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Krishanu Kundu

Krishanu Kundu received his BTech degree in electronics & telecommunication engineering from Pt Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, chhatisgarh in 2007 and received his MTech degree in embedded system technologies from Anna University, Chennai in 2011. He completed his PhD degree in electronics & communication engineering from Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Formerly known as WBUT. Presently, he is working as associate professor in the department of ECE, G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, India. His main research interest is optimization of different types of antenna arrays using different bio inspired algorithms. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Rajesh Bera

Rajesh Bera received his BTech degree in electronics and communication engineering, from Birbhum Institute of Engineering & Technology, Birbhum, West Bengal, India in 2010. He received the MTech degree from Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India, in 2012. He has completed his PhD in the Department of ECE, NIT Durgapur, India. Presently, he is working as assistant professor in the Department of ECE, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. His research interest includes array antenna design, array parameter optimization and beam pattern synthesis using evolutionary computing techniques. Email: [email protected]

Narendra Nath Pathak

Narendra Nath Pathak received his PhD degree from NIT Durgapur and currently working as professor and head of electronics & communication engineering in Dr B C Roy Engineering College, Durgapur, India. His main research interests are designing and optimization of different types of antenna arrays. He has published research papers in journals of repute like IEEE, JIMT, and PIER. Email: [email protected]