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Original Articles

ICTs and poverty reduction: user perspective study of rural Madhya Pradesh, India

Pages 448-461 | Published online: 04 Mar 2011
 

Abstract

This paper presents findings of a user perspective study on the impact of ICTs (information and communications technology) in rural India. The study is based on primary research conducted by the author in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The aim of the primary research is to explore whether ICTs can be deployed to enable the improvement of rural human capital and increase participation in market opportunities. Amidst growing literature on the supply-side debates on ICTs in the rural sector, this study addresses the sparsely explored demand-side factors. Further, the outcomes of the fieldwork challenge and validate the ‘ICT–rural poverty linkages’ conceptual framework for ICT growth to be good for poverty, developed by the author in an earlier publication (2006). The paper further identifies issues critical to enhancing the accessibility of ICT services to the poorest rural households.

Cet article présente les résultats d'une étude réalisée du point de vue des utilisateurs, sur l'impact des TIC (Technologies de l'information et de la communication) en Inde, dans le secteur rural. Cette étude repose sur un travail de terrain effectué par l'auteur dans le district de Dhar, dans la région de Madhya Pradesh en Inde. L'objet de ce travail préliminaire est de se demander si le déploiement des TIC pourrait permettre l'amélioration du capital humain rural et accroître la possibilité de saisir des opportunités offertes sur les marchés. Face à l'abondante littérature portant sur les débats sur l'offre de TIC dans le secteur rural, cette étude aborde les facteurs de demande qui sont beaucoup moins traités. De plus, les résultats de ce travail de terrain interrogent et prouvent le bien-fondé du modèle conceptuel sur les liens entre les TIC et la pauvreté dans le secteur rural. Ce modèle a été développé par l'auteur dans un travail antérieur (2006). Par ailleurs, l'article identifie des facteurs essentiels pour améliorer l'accessibilité des services de TIC envers les ménages ruraux les plus pauvres.

Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank two anonymous referees for their most helpful suggestions. Valuable assistance for the primary research provided by Prof Alakh Sharma, Institute of Human Development, New Delhi, Uma Sharmistha, R.S. Gautam and Mahendra Singh are also duly acknowledged.

Notes

1. This study looks into the rural sector in Finland and therefore does not belong to the ICTs in developing countries category, but provides useful insights into the applications of ICTs.

2. This is grounded in the debate on the capability approach to multi-dimensional poverty put forward by Sen (Citation1999, pp. 1, 8).

3. Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network (World Bank, Citation2002).

4. The following specific IT initiatives are examined in Singh's (Citation2006) study – Drishtee, Aksh, n-Logue, ITC (eChoupals), TARAhaat and Akshaya.

5. Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

6. Gujarat 9.6%, Maharashtra 8.0%, West Bengal 6.9%, Tamil Nadu 6.2%, Rajasthan 5.9% and Kerala 5.8% (GoI 2001).

7. Here educated labour as the factor of production is being paid much less than its competitive market value – hence the presence of factor market imperfection.

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