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ABSTRACT
Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a quite common health problem. A lot of delayed complications are related to inflammatory responses that occurred within the brain itself. Atorvastatin is related to lipid lowering drugs carrying some anti-inflammatory properties and upon this fact this study hypothesis was built.
Methods
Twenty adult patients with TBI, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) 9–11. Patients were equally and randomly allocated into two groups (group C as control group and group S received atorvastatin 40 mg once daily for 48 h). After 48 h, participants have undergone magnetic resonance imaging brain spectroscopy examination (MRS). The spectral peaks of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), Choline, and Creatinine (Cr) were assessed in brain tissue. The primary outcome was presented as ratios of NAA/Cr), Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho. Other outcomes included GCS and ICU stay.
Results
There were insignificant variations between groups were found in the MRS results for metabolite alterations (NAA, Cr, and Cho). Contrasted with the control group, the statin group’s Cho/Cr ratio was significantly lower (P = 0.005), and NAA/Cho was significantly greater in the statin group than control group (P = 0.022). Statin group showed higher GCS the 1st day (P = 0.01), and lesser ICU stay (P = 0.04)
Conclusion
Atorvastatin can be used safely in mild-to-moderate TBI patients with a favourable outcome in the form of decreased Cho/Cr ratio and increased NAA/Cho ratio, higher GCS, and decreased ICU length of stay.
Disclosure statement
The authors have no conflict of interest to report.
Author contribution
Emad Zarief, Nagwa Mostafa, and Omar Makram had full access to all the data in the study and took responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Shady Safwat and Hazem Yousef designed the study protocol. Mohamed Gaber, Khaled Tolba, Mina Maher, and Yasser Ashraf managed the literature searches, and summaries of the previous related work, and wrote the first draft of manuscript.