Social relationships and community end of life care in Hong Kong: a three-stage model of social capital development

ABSTRACT

End-of-life (EOL) care is a crucial public health issue in Hong Kong, and one in which the community social service sector has become increasingly involved, as healthcare policy in the city shifts towards greater emphasis on social relationships in non-medical forms of EOL care. This study used abductive grounded theory methodology to illustrate the dynamics and mechanisms involved in social relationships between dying people (and their families), volunteers, and professionals in community-based social service agencies in Hong Kong. The aims are a) to understand how social relationships influence the experiences of dying people and their families, and b) to engage theoretically with concepts of social capital and compassionate communities to explicate the dynamic and relational processes involved in this phenomenon. Fourteen in-depth interviews with practitioners and two service users affiliated with two community-based EOL care agencies in Hong Kong were conducted. Findings inform a parsimonious three-stage model of social capital development in which relationships between service agency workers and families address a key precondition of social capital through establishing trust, facilitating the accessibility of social capital through cultivating mutuality, and mobilising social capital through collaborating in community EOL care. These processes in turn mitigate community detachment in the EOL experience.

KEYWORDS:

• Social relationship
• social capital
• compassionate communities
• community end-of-life-care
• dynamical mechanisms

Acknowledgments

We express our gratitude to the team of“Life Rainbow” End‐of‐Life Care Services of the Hong Kong Society of Rehabilitation, the team of Hospice and Bereavement Service of S.K.H Holy Carpenter Church District Elderly Community Centre, and Professor Cecilia Chan at the University of Hong Kong for help with coordination related to data collection.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.