Numerical study to compare effective elastic, piezoelectric, and thermal properties of a gyroid triply periodic minimal surface and 0–3 piezoelectric composites with lead-free Ba(Ti_0.8Zr_0.2)O₃ - x(Ba_0.7Ca_0.3)TiO₃ reinforcement

ABSTRACT

The present numerical work presents a comparative study of the effective elastic, piezoelectric, and thermal properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix and $\mathrm{Ba}\left(T{i}_{0.8}Z{r}_{0.2}\right)O_3-x\left(B{a}_{0.7}C{a}_{0.3}\right)\mathrm{Ti}{O}_3$ (BZT-BCT) reinforcement-based piezo-composite at different volume fractions. The effective properties are significantly influenced by the connectivity of the reinforcement phase within the matrix. In the present work, two types of connectivity have been considered, viz. triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) interpenetrating phase composite and 0–3 connectivity. Five different volume fractions viz. 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% were considered. Effective properties were calculated at different volume fractions and for TPMS and 0–3 composite. Significant enhancement in effective properties was observed in TPMS piezo-composites compared to 0–3 piezo-composites. The present work attempts to highlight the importance of connectivity type and the combination of lead-free piezoelectric material BZT-BCT and TPMS reinforcement to achieve better piezoelectric performance.

KEYWORDS:

• Piezo-composites
• TPMS
• FEM
• homogenization

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2023R291), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

TThe authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2023R291), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University. The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project under grant number RGP2/583/44.