https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-3984
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ABSTRACT
This research article examines engine performance characteristics using three different volumetric blending ratios of high-viscosity Simarouba glauca seed oil and low-viscosity camphor oil: 30% Simarouba glauca oil with 70% camphor oil (S30C70), 50% Simarouba glauca oil with 50% camphor oil (S50C50), and 70% Simarouba glauca oil with 30% camphor oil (S70C30). At full load, the thermal efficiency of S30C70 was found to be 8.18, 5.64, and 4.09% higher than that of S70C30, S50C50, and diesel fuel. In comparison to S70C30, S50C50, and diesel, the energy usage for brakes was determined to be 7.54, 5.34, and 3.64% lower. At high loading circumstances, S30C70 emits 57% less CO than the basic fuel value. Similar to the basic fuel, smoke and hydrocarbon emissions are trending downward. In comparison to base diesel, NO emission for the S30C70 fuel mix was about 20.33% higher under heavier loading situations. The maximum in-cylinder peak pressure and rate of pressure increase are exhibited in S30C70, which has a lower cetane number. The S30C70 fuel blend offers higher fuel exergy, relative efficiency, sustainability index, and exergy efficiency due to its low viscosity. The S30C70 fuel blend was found to have lower entropy than all other combinations tested. When a higher volume of camphor oil is added to the blended fuel, the performance characteristics of the diesel engine increase significantly.
Abbreviations
| CI | = | Compression Ignition |
| CC | = | Cubic centimeter |
| IC | = | Internal combustion |
| BP | = | Brake power |
| BTE | = | Brake thermal efficiency |
| BSFC | = | Brake specific fuel consumption |
| BSEC | = | Brake specific energy consumption |
| S30C70 | = | 30% of Simarouba glauca oil + 70% of Camphor oil |
| S50C50 | = | 50% of Simarouba glauca oil + 50% of Camphor oil |
| S70C30 | = | 70% of Simarouba glauca oil + 30% of Camphor oil |
| CO | = | Carbon monoxide |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbon |
| NO | = | Oxide of nitrogen |
| CO2 | = | Carbon dioxide |
| PPM | = | Parts per million |
| kJ/kWh | = | kilo Joule/kilowatt hour |
| kW | = | Kilowatt |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability statement
Data is available with co-autor Mr Manikandaraja gurusamy. It can be provided whenever it is needed.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Manikandaraja Gurusamy
Mr. Manikandaraja Gurusamy, M.E., Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, is working in the field of alternate fuels, including low-cetane liquid and gaseous fuels in CI engines.
Mathanraj Vijayaragavan
Dr. Mathanraj Vijayaragavan, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, is working in the field of biofuels, hydrogen, and acetylene fuel in CI engine applications.
Edwin Geo Varuvel
Dr. Edwin Geo Varuvel is an active researcher and highly experienced academician, currently working as Professor in Mechanical Engineering, at Istinye University, Turkiye. Boasting 20+ years of research experience, he is well-known for his notable contribution to the clean and renewable energy systems for automobiles. He has published more than 150 research articles in highly reputed journals and keep uplifting his research career in the field of green carbon economy for sustainable future.