Trends of extreme flows of the Krishna river at a barrage, India

ABSTRACT

The present study analyzes trends of extreme flows for the Krishna river at the Prakasam barrage, Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh state, India. Annual maximum and minimum flows are considered using available data from the CWC (Central Water Commission) portal from 1965–1966 to 2019–2020. The trend analysis of extreme flows is carried out using the Mann-Kendall trend test, Sen’s slope, and modified Mann-Kendall test, that is, bootstrapped Mann-Kendall trend test with optional bias-corrected pre-whitening. Also, R programming is applied for the trend analysis of extreme flows. Extreme annual flows are in decreasing trend. Annual maximum flow has significant decreasing trend with Sen’s slope of 105.52 cumecs per year. Annual minimum flow has insignificant decreasing trend at a magnitude of 0.0002 cumecs per year. Trend results of the present study are useful for the trend analysis of extreme river flows.

KEYWORDS:

• Trend analysis
• extreme flows
• Krishna river
• Mann-Kendall test
• Sen’s slope

Acknowledgement

The authors gratefully acknowledge Central Water Commission (CWC) for providing data.

Disclosure statement

There is no potential conflict of interest in this paper.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from CWC, India. Code availability – RStudio as IDE (Integrated Development Environment) for R programming.