Copper content lower than safety factor 100-fold of acceptable daily intake negatively affects Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies’ nervous function

Abstract

Food standards control copper in water and several foods by setting ADI values. The metal, an essential element influencing biochemical functions, is involved in oxidative stress resistance. However, high metal concentrations can be toxic, especially in nerve functions. Copper at 1 and 2 mM could toxic generations of Drosophila melanogaster flies by assessing the development, learning, memory, locomotion, activities of catalase and acetylcholinesterase, and the neutralizing DPPH-free radicals. Flies cultured in a copper-containing medium lengthened their maturation period and reduced hatching numbers. The learning ability in larvae and the climbing ability of adult flies also decreased between generations. The antioxidative capacity showed the differences between fly groups. Catalase activity gradually decreased with each generation, while acetylcholinesterase did not indicate profound differences between generations. In conclusion, a daily intake of 1–2 mM copper could affect fruit flies’ behaviors, nervous system functions, and the benchmark dose of copper in food.

Keywords:

• Acceptable daily intake (ADI)
• acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
• catalase
• copper
• fruit fly
• nervous system
• Odor-taste test

REVIEWING EDITOR:

• M. Luisa Escudero-Gilete, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain

SUBJECTS:

• Biochemistry
• Biology
• Entomology
• Neuroscience
• Food Additives & Ingredients
• Food Chemistry
• Food Laws & Regulations

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Men Tran Thanh

Men Tran Thanh work in Biology Department, College of Natural Sciences at Can Tho University, Viet Nam. He completed his undergraduate degree in Biotechnology in 2005 at Can Tho University, Master of Molecular Engineering at the Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan, in 2014. In 2016, he obtained his Ph.D. in Material and Life science at Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto city, Japan. He participated in research on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the genes involved in the metabolic processes of the fruit flies. Since 2017, he has spent time on various studies on plant species with medicinal plant, weed resistance and insecticidal properties and those with anti-aging activity.

Trang Bui Hoang Thu

Trang Bui Hoang Thu is currently pursuing a Master’s degree in Neuroscience following her graduation with a Bachelor’s in Biotechnology. During the time carrying out this study, she was affiliated with the Institute of Food and Biotechnology. Her primary areas of interest lie in neurodegenerative diseases, especially to explore the intricate fields of neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. This focus stems from her desire to understand how biological and chemical agents affect nerve tissue, potentially leading to inflammatory responses and neurological damage. Her academic journey and research are driven by the aim to develop targeted therapies that can mitigate these effects and improve overall neurological health.

Chau Tuan Thanh

Chau Tuan Thanh is PhD in Materials and Life Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology (Japan), 2012. Now he works at institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can tho university,Can tho City, Vietnam. His research interests: Recombinant Enzyme, Food Engineering, Food Quality, Freezing Technology, Natural Compounds.

Thao Truong Thị Phuong

Thao Truong Th Phuong now work at Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University. Her field of study: Applied Marine Biosciences at Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan. Research interest: Isolation and identification of the primary active compound in the plant extract, evaluate the biological activities of the plant extract and purified compounds, mice model disease (Type 2 diabetes, inflamed mice, obesity model…), evaluation the mechanism of drug bioavailability and metabolism.

Khang Do Tan

Khang Do Tan now work at Department of Molecular Biology Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University. His ersearch interest: DNA barcodes, gene expression, genetic diversity, bioactive compounds.

Kaeko Kamei

Kaeko Kamei now work as full proffessor at Molecular Chemistry and engineering Dapartment, Kyoto institute of technology, Kyoto, Japan. Her research field: functional biochemistry, structural biochemistry, chemistry and chemical methodology of biomolecules, regulation of bacterial disease using bacteriophage and natural products, functional analysis of lipid metabolism-related gene and screening for physiological active substance using Drosohila, analysis of biological effects of chemicals using Drosophila.